This can range from inaccurate results to instruments with significant downtime and high maintenance costs. The objective being to develop automated reliable identification and quantitative results that are fit for purpose.
<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/C3_C15_Hydrocarbons_Method_Translation_Example_c49d313631/C3-C15-Hydrocarbons-Method-Translation-Example.jpg" alt="C3 -C15 Hydrocarbons Method Translation Example.jpg"/>
<h3>Before Commencement</h3>
<ul>
<li>Ensure the new or existing instrument is configured and installed with the correct supplies, gases, column(s) and injector(s), valve(s), liner(s), detector, interfaces and software options for detection of the target analytes.
</li>
<li>The instrument has been installed to manufactures specification and all maintenance logs/service history are current up to date.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Initial Testing</h3>
<ul>
<li>Ensure data capture method has sufficient speed to comply with accuracy requirement (8 points min across a peak for 5-10% repeatability).
</li>
<li>Adjust column flows and oven temperature profile to achieve the required sample throughput and separation for a mid range standard.
</li>
<li>Optimise detector conditions for best response and minimal interference.
</li>
<li>Optimise injector parameters for best response, chromatographic resolution and minimal peak distortion.
</li>
<li>Apply data processing method to obtain the correct integration parameters and identification windows for the chromatography.
</li>
<li>Adjust auto sampler settings and to obtain optimal repeatability (min 6 injections) on a mid range standard.
</li>
<li>If the method criteria cannot be reached for the mid range standard consider increasing data capture speed and/or the addition of internal standard(s).
</li>
</ul>
<h3>SQC &amp; Sample Testing</h3>
<ul>
<li>Inject a matrix matched standard or a sample (min 6 injections) to check identification, integration and repeatability.
</li>
<li>If the chromatograms/results differ significantly from the initial testing or than expected/acceptable, consider a more appropriate matrix elimination strategy.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Carry Over Testing</h3>
<ul>
<li>Inject high std +20% followed by a blank and measure carry over and carry over re-peatability. Also ensuring overloaded peak shapes is kept to a minimum.
</li>
<li>Modify autosampler parameters and wash solvents/purge gas to minimise carry over.
</li>
<li>Modify data processing method to ensure correct integration of high level standard and blanks.
</li>
<li>Run a sample or independent QC standard six times with new auto sampler conditions to compare chromatography and repeatability data to the initial SQC and sample testing. If not comparable re-adjust modifications made in carry over tests.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Calibration/QC/Validation Considerations</h3>
<ul>
<li>Initial Calibration for external/internal standard and mole %/normalised %.
</li>
<li>Run calibration range from low std 3*limit of detection and top std max level +20% (ideally 7 point). Run 3 points at each level, 6 points at LOQ, 6 points at mid point and 6 points at highest level. Plot calibration curve and assess linearity criteria and calculate % rsd at levels containing 6 points.
</li>
<li>If any adjustments are made to the method the sample or independent QC/sample spikes need to be recalculated or re-injected.
</li>
<li>Devise a QC/validation protocol with independent QC and calibrations to ensure method robustness and the control of the frequency of the maintenance procedures. Typical protocols include injection of low and high level standards/SQC’s/sample spikes measuring peak areas, retention times and peak shapes. In addition baseline noise and offsets from chromatogram start and end are typically measured.
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
If these guidelines are adhered to you will avoid undesirable outcomes and have a fully utilized robust method providing accurate and reliable results fit for purpose.
<h3><a href="http://www.chromsolutions.co.uk/">ChromSolutions Ltd</a></h3>
What we offer at ChromSolutions is our wealth of experience in analytical instrument sales and support (over 110 years distributed through the members of our company). We can help you from defining your requirements to the implementation of a robust gas analytical method fit for purpose.

GC & GC/MS Method Development Quick Reference Guide

In the last week in April, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 800 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies: Using OpenLab to Enhance the Empower Experience</h5>
We will highlight how to manage Empower data in Technology Neutral formats such as AniML and Allotrope enabling long term record retention, data exchange, and cross platform reporting of multivendor data.
<h5>2. PerkinElmer: Tips &amp; Tricks: GC-MS Instrument</h5>
Certain routine checks and optimizations can be performed by yourself, helping you to get the most out of your PerkinElmer instrument and to extend the lifetime of certain components.
<h5>3. LECO: LECO MOSH/MOAH Workshop - Fundamentals On Comprehensive MOSH/MOAH Analysis – Day 1</h5>
Day one features Fundamentals on LC-GC Coupling and Principles and Instrumentation of GC×GC and ToF-MS.
<h5>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Automated online µSPE cartridge clean-up of QuEChERS extracts before LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS analysis of pesticides in foods</h5>
We will highlight an automated online miniaturized cartridge clean-up approach providing more effective clean-up of QuEChERS extracts to overcome the analytical challenges in pesticide residue analysis.
<h5>5. Restek Corporation: Low-Pressure Gas Chromatography (LPGC): THE fastest way to your pesticide analysis</h5>
Food and agricultural testing labs need fast turnaround times for samples submitted for pesticide residue analysis by GC-MS.
<h5>6. LECO: LECO MOSH/MOAH Workshop - Fundamentals On Comprehensive MOSH/MOAH Analysis – Day 2</h5>
Day two features LC-GC×GC–ToF-MS/FID: A Powerful Platform for MOSH&amp;MOAH Determination.
<h5>7. Agilent Technologies: Sample Preparation Options for the Clinical Research Laboratory</h5>
This seminar will discuss and compare sample preparation strategies for clinical research laboratories ranging from simple dilute and shoot to solid-phase extraction (SPE).
<h5>8. PerkinElmer: Advanced Applications Using Micro-fluidic Switching (Dean Switch, Splitting and Backflushing)</h5>
Simplifying the analysis of “dirty” samples using microfluidics. In the industrial and environmental industries, reducing sample prep increases productivity and increases accuracy. 
<h5>9. Wasson-ECE Instrumentation: Monitoring ppb Impurities in Beverage-Grade Carbon Dioxide</h5>
We love combined GC-MS/FID/TCD for beverage-grade CO2 analysis! Why? Meet specs without guessing what&#39;s in your carbon dioxide!

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 17

Pesticides are chemicals that are very closely monitored and may not always be easy for an analytical chemist to monitor and detect.
Thanks to their use in agriculture and subsequently also their cycle in environment we can find them almost everywhere. The variety of analyzed matrices is so wide, ** detection limits ** are pushing down and the field of analytical chemistry is also under pressure on sample throughput, and thus also the efficiency and economy of methods.
Instrumental techniques are also being developed hand in hand with these requirements, and we will look at the latest possibilities of gas chromatographs (GC) in connection with triple quadrupole mass spectrometers (GC/QQQ) in this overview.
We will focus on 2 main areas of these analyzes, namely food and the environment, in which you can then filter in more detail in the library, eg by combination with other techniques or take a closer look at <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=pesticides&amp;date=2019-2021&amp;instrumentationItems=3-4-15-10">sample preparation</a> and suitable <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=pesticides&amp;date=2019-2021&amp;instrumentationItems=3-4-15-19">GC columns</a>. 
All documents can be found <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=pesticides&amp;date=2019-2021&amp;instrumentationItems=3-4-15&amp;publicationTypeItems=1-2-7-5-4">directly for download in our LabRulezGCMS library</a> and to complement possible analytical techniques you can also explore similar applications using liquid chromatographs (LC) in connection with triple quadrupole mass spectrometers (LC/QQQ) in an article on the <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/1276">LabRulezGCMS portal </a>. 
Today, you will find almost 13,000 documents in the field of analytical chemistry and separation techniques in libraries, and their number is growing every day.
<h3>Food &amp; Agriculture GC/QQQ</h3>
<h3>Applications (29)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Quantitation of Pesticides in Strawberries at Tolerance Levels Established by the US EPA | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Twenty-Seven GC‑Amenable Pesticides Regulated in the Cannabis Industry in North America with the Agilent 8890/7010B Triple Quadrupole GC/MS System | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Sensitive and Robust Detection of Pesticides Regulated in California in Dried Cannabis Plant Material | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>A Fast Analysis of the GC/MS/MS Amenable Pesticides Regulated by the California Bureau of Cannabis Control | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>A Multi-Residue Method for the Analysis of Pesticides in Cannabis Using UPLC-MS/MS and APGC-MS/MS to Meet Canadian Regulatory Requirements | 2019 | Waters
</li>
<li>Meeting European Union Maximum Residue Level Regulations for Pesticides in Tea and Honey | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Low Calibration Limit Research for Multiresidue Pesticides in Milk Using the Agilent 8890/7010B and 7890B/7000C Triple Quadrupole GC/MS Systems | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Challenging Pesticides Regulated in the Cannabis and Hemp Industry with the Agilent Intuvo 9000‑7010 GC/MS/MS system: The Fast-5 | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Determination of Pesticide and Mycotoxin Residues in Dried Cannabis Flower: LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Methodology to Meet the Recommended AOAC Regulatory Requirements for US States and Canada | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>GC Amenable Pesticides Regulated by California in Brownies on Rxi-5ms | 2019 | Restek
</li>
<li>Multi-Residue Pesticide Analysis in Dried Chili Powder: Optimized Cleanup After QuEChERS Extraction for UPLC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Analysis | 2019 | Waters
</li>
<li>A Sensitive and Robust Workflow to Measure Residual Pesticides and Mycotoxins from the Canadian Target List in Dry Cannabis Flower | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Multiresidue Pesticides in Salmon Using Agilent Captiva EMR—Lipid with GC/MS/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Multiclass Multiresidue Pesticides in Milk Using Agilent Captiva EMR—Lipid with LC/MS/MS and GC/MS/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Study of a Method for Coping with Matrix Effects in Pesticide Residue Analysis Using GC/MS/MS | 2019 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Automated MRM Method Development for Pesticides in Cannabis Using the Agilent MassHunter Optimizer for GC/TQ | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Multiresidue Pesticide Analysis in Food Matrices with an Ultra Inert Splitless Glass Frit Liner by GC/MS/MS | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>METHOD VALIDATION OF THE ANALYSIS OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS USING DILLME AND GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Anatune
</li>
<li>Large scale screening and quantitation of pesticide residues in rice using GC-(EI)-MS/MS | 2019 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Fast Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Food Samples Using GC/MS/MS | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Automated micro-SPE clean-up for GC-MS/MS analysis of pesticide residues in cereals | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Terpenes in Hemp and Cannabis Determined Using EI GC-MS/MS | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Quantification of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Dietary Supplements Using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Coupled with GC-MS/MS and Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry | 2020 | GERSTEL
</li>
<li>Determination of 19 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds in Salmon and Beef | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Determination of 19 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds in Salmon and Beef | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Determination of 14 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds in Edible Oil | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>EU Priority PAH Analysis in Pumpkin Seed Oil Using Bond Elut EMR—Lipid Cleanup by GC/MS/MS | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Posters (11)</h4>
<ul>
<li>Matrix effect on pesticides in vegetables by GC-MS/MS analysis | 2019 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Rapid analytical methods for quantitative analysis and screening of 66 and 225 residual pesticide compounds, respectively, in pine needles and spices using GCMS triple quadrupole | 2021 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>A MULTIRESIDUE APPROACH TO PESTICIDE SCREENING IN CANNABIS USING GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Waters
</li>
<li>Combination of GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS to Analyze Multiclass Pesticides in Orange Using One QuEChERS Sample Preparation Method | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of the California list of Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Edibles | 2020 | Restek
</li>
<li>EVALUATING ALTERNATIVE AND SIMPLIFIED CLEANUP OF FOODSTUFFS FOR GC-MS/MS DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Determination of 33 pesticide residues in Ginseng using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES IN EDIBLE OILS BY GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Waters
</li>
<li>Off-Line Hydrogen Cleaning of GC/MS Ion Source Increases Sample Throughput for Pesticides in Foods | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Increasing Productivity in Pesticide Residue Analysis Using JetClean with GC/MS and StreamSelect with LC/MS Systems | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>New Opportunities for Wine Analysis through SPME Arrow and GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Guides (5)</h4>
<ul>
<li>Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS - Application Compendium | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Application Compendium - Analyzing Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Cannabis Flower | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Confidently Analyze Cannabis Flower and Hemp - Application compendium for cannabis potency and safety | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Waters Application Notes - Food Testing | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Complete compilation of applications for food analysis | 2019 | Shimadzu
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Technical notes (1)</h4>
<ul>
<li>Increasing Return on Investment (ROI) for Pesticide Analysis in Cannabis | 2019 | Shimadzu</li>
</ul>
<h3>Environmental</h3>
<h4>Applications (2)</h4>
<ul>
<li>Analysis of Aroclor and Organochlorine Pesticides in Ground Water using Triple Quadrupole GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>An Alternate Testing Protocol for EPA 1613B using Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS | 2021 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Posters (1)</h4>
<ul>
<li>EVALUATING A ROUTINE ANALYSIS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) FOR A NEW ELECTRON IONIZATION GC-MS/MS | 2019 | Waters</li>
</ul>
<h4>Guides (2)</h4>
<ul>
<li>Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS - Application Compendium | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>The Measure of Purity - Water quality applications | 2019 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>

Overview of GC/QQQ applications of pesticide analysis - Food and Environment (2019-2021) 

In the first half in May, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 900 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies: Extend the possibilities with Agilent’s OpenLab CDS using SLIMS for Sample Management</h5>
Learn how SLIMS can be used in conjunction with Agilent’s OpenLab CDS for digitalizing your lab operations with an overview of the entire system and a demonstration.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: 2021 Agilent Science and Technology Virtual Symposium</h5>
Advancing Science Together. Innovation in life science and applied chemicals with you in mind. ASTvS 2021 is live across several continents.
<h5>3. SepSolve Analytical: From research to routine: Redefining GC‒MS for the modern lab</h5>
Don&#39;t miss this exciting launch webinar where we will reveal how the next generation of BenchTOF mass spectrometers addresses modern challenges in your lab.
<h5>4. PerkinElmer: Testing for Residual Solvents and Terpenes in Cannabis</h5>
In this talk we, will discuss an optimize technique for the analysis of residual solvents and terpenes.
<h5>5. Agilent Technologies: Alcoholic Beverages Virtual Seminar - Distilled Spirits</h5>
Join us for our live virtual seminar discussing how you can assure safety authenticity and quality of alcoholic beverages. 
<h5>6. Waters Corporation: Meet the Experts - Part 2 - Flexible Service and Support Plans</h5>
Andy will present the latest service and support solutions from Waters giving you control over the options that best fit your laboratories’ unique needs.​
<h5>7. Agilent Technologies: What Does Fast GC Really Mean? How To Speed Up your Analysis With Out Changing The Hardware</h5>
In this webinar we will discuss carrier gas types as well as column dimensions and their influence and effect on peak resolution and retention.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 18

Liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS, GC/MS) are two major analytical techniques for identifying compounds in complex mixtures. This symposium provides a forum for experts from industry, academia and government agencies to share their novel experimental methods, creative data analysis techniques including mass spectral library searching and software development, and the applications of these techniques, with special emphasis on the use of LC/MS/MS in metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, forensics, pharmaceutical and environmental studies.
<h3>Abstract</h3>
For the last 20 years, Eastman has routinely employed the NIST search for the identification of unknowns. Initially, we primarily utilized EI searches, but in recent years, the increase in the availability and quality of tandem libraries plus associated software has greatly enhanced LC-MS library search results. More than 50 instruments and associated users are networked at Eastman world-wide. Our corporate library of &gt;55K entries in NIST format is automatically updated and distributed nightly.
The 2020 edition of the NIST library utilized with the NIST MS 2.4 search software offers many major enhancements. NIST for the last six years has had an ambitious program to acquire and analyze targeted chemicals (&gt;50,000). In addition, the novel <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/article/1128">hybrid GCMS EI and MSMS search</a> and <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/1110">LC/MS/MS Hybrid Search</a> expands the scope of all EI and tandem libraries.
PDF Presentation <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/13187">for download</a>.
<h3>Detailed lectures from the series using the new version of NIST in GCMS and LCMSMS:</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=nist&amp;tags=34">James Little - Wiley GCMS Seminar</a> at LabRulezGCMS
</li>
<li><a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=nist&amp;tags=34">James Little - LC/MS Unknown Identifications Using MSMS Libraries Seminar</a> at LabRulezLCMS
</li>
</ul>

Identification of Unknowns by GC-MS and LC-MS Using NIST Search with Commercial and User Libraries

In the next 14 days, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 900 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies: Alcoholic Beverages Virtual Seminar - Distilled Spirits</h5>
Join us for our live virtual seminar discussing how you can assure safety authenticity and quality of alcoholic beverages. 
<h5>2. Waters Corporation: Meet the Experts - Part 2 - Flexible Service and Support Plans</h5>
Andy will present the latest service and support solutions from Waters giving you control over the options that best fit your laboratories’ unique needs.​ 
<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: What Does Fast GC Really Mean? How To Speed Up your Analysis With Out Changing The Hardware</h5>
In this webinar we will discuss carrier gas types as well as column dimensions and their influence and effect on peak resolution and retention.
<h5>4. Separation Science/Merck: Sample Preparation for Fatty and Complex Food Matrices</h5>
This educational webinar is brought to you in collaboration with the Life Science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
<h5>5. SelectScience/SepSolve Analytical: Evaluating the authenticity of brand perfumes using GC×GC–TOF MS</h5>
In this webinar, we will show how the comprehensive data acquired using GC×GC–TOF MS, coupled with easy-to-use chemometrics software, can deliver fast and confident fragrance profiling.
<h5>6. Agilent Technologies: Chemovar characterization using Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry</h5>
In this presentation, we will demonstrate proof of principle for chemovar identification using qTOF with cannabis and hemp extracts and demonstrate how bioinformatic software is used.
<h5>7. Teledyne Tekmar: Tips and Challenges of EPA Method 8260D via Hydrogen Carrier Gas</h5>
Join us for this complimentary webinar where you will gain a brief understanding of Purge and Trap and EPA method 8260D via hydrogen as the carrier gas.
<h5>8. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Addressing the Analytical Challenges of Nitrosamine Analysis in Pharmaceuticals</h5>
In this seminar, you will learn a simple and optimized procedure to extract nitrosamines from metformin and to accurately quantify them with Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris GC Mass Spectrometer.
<h5>9. PerkinElmer: Getting the Best Results from your GC/MS: Smoothing your Processing Parameters</h5>
Learn how to correctly process data. Qualitative and quantitative analysis will be covered.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 19 - 20

In the week from May 17, 2021, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 1 000 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. INFICON: Easy Analysis of Multiple Gas Samples</h5>
Our experts Debbie Alcron and Roland Salentin would like to share with you how many gas samples can be measured easliy, making your daily work as simple as possible.
<h5>2. Separation Science/Merck: Sample Preparation for Fatty and Complex Food Matrices</h5>
This educational webinar is brought to you in collaboration with the Life Science business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
<h5>3. SelectScience/SepSolve Analytical: Evaluating the authenticity of brand perfumes using GC×GC–TOF MS</h5>
In this webinar, we will show how the comprehensive data acquired using GC×GC–TOF MS, coupled with easy-to-use chemometrics software, can deliver fast and confident fragrance profiling.
<h5>4. Agilent Technologies: Chemovar characterization using Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry</h5>
In this presentation, we will demonstrate proof of principle for chemovar identification using qTOF with cannabis and hemp extracts and demonstrate how bioinformatic software is used.
<h5>5. Agilent Technologies: Agilent SuperSmartGC Virtual Meeting 19 May</h5>
We&#39;ll share the latest developments and capabilities, some new applications and some customer stories. Our aim? To help you scale the peaks of GC Intelligence.
<h5>6. SCION Instruments: Combining Simulated Distillation (ASTM D7169) and Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (ASTM D7900) to give a Full Boiling Point Distribution of Crude Oils</h5>
In this webinar will we discuss physical distillation, which is still considered the reference method for distillation.
<h5>7. Teledyne Tekmar: Tips and Challenges of EPA Method 8260D via Hydrogen Carrier Gas</h5>
Join us for this complimentary webinar where you will gain a brief understanding of Purge and Trap and EPA method 8260D via hydrogen as the carrier gas.
<h5>8. Restek Corporation: GC Inlet Liner Selection and Injection Techniques</h5>
In GC one can choose from many different liners. There are however a few basic selection criteria that can help you to choose the best liner for your application.
<h5>9. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Addressing the Analytical Challenges of Nitrosamine Analysis in Pharmaceuticals</h5>
In this seminar, you will learn a simple and optimized procedure to extract nitrosamines from metformin and to accurately quantify them with Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris GC Mass Spectrometer.
<h5>10. PerkinElmer: Getting the Best Results from your GC/MS: Smoothing your Processing Parameters</h5>
Learn how to correctly process data. Qualitative and quantitative analysis will be covered.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 20

In the week from May 24, 2021, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 1 000 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies/Markes International: Agilent Defence and CWA Virtual Meeting</h5>
This live webinar will focus on workflows for screening of explosives on various matrices, with insights of online monitoring of toxic air.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: Alcoholic Beverages Virtual Seminar - Beer and Brewed Beverages</h5>
Join us for our live virtual seminar discussing how you can assure safety authenticity and quality of alcoholic beverages. 
<h5>3. Phenomenex: Robustness of Dioxin Analysis in Challenging Matrices like Fish Oil and Fly Ash</h5>
Presented in this study is an evaluation of robustness and selectivity of a Phenomenex gas chromatography (GC) column Zebron ZB-Dioxin by GC-MS/MS and GC-HRMS in Fish oil and and Soil and Ash extracts.
<h5>4. Separation Science/Merck: Strategies for Improving Sample Clean-up During the Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) by Gas Chromatography</h5>
In this webinar, we will present an alternative approach to the clean-up of matrices with significant fat content using a family of sorbents that effectively retain fatty components. 
<h5>5. Agilent Technologies: GC Columns 101: Installation, Care, and Maintenance</h5>
Join us as we discuss proper column installation and handling for all Agilent GCs including the Intuvo 9000.
<h5>6. Shimadzu Corporation: Comprehensive Analytical Solutions for Lubricant Condition Monitoring</h5>
In this webinar hosted by Shimadzu, we will discuss the chemical analysis of lubricants and why these analyses are critical to cost-efficient operation of heavy machinery.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 21

Also required is a knowledge of how GC/MS libraries are compiled and the options for the search algorithms. If this is not fully understood the result could be an unmatched spectra or of more concern, false identification of unknown compounds.
<h3>Library Considerations</h3>
<ul>
<li>1st library match may not be correct.</li>
<li>The compound may not be in the library(s) being searched.</li>
<li>The acquisition mass range may not match library mass range.</li>
<li>Different library search algorithms may provide different compound matches.</li>
<li>Smaller peaks may require background subtraction before library search.</li>
<li>Create your own libraries from data acquired on your instrumentation.</li>
</ul>
<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Chrom_Solutions_Cl_Br_Isotopic_Abundances_11b3e38c1a/ChromSolutions-ClBr-Isotopic-Abundances.png" alt="ChromSolutions: Cl/Br Isotopic Abundances"/>
<h3>EI Interpretation Strategy</h3>
<ul>
<li>Note general appearance of spectrum to see if it is interpretable.</li>
<li>Select a candidate peak for the molecular ion (M⁺).</li>
<li>Examine spectrum for peak clusters of characteristic isotopic patterns.</li>
<li>Test M⁺ candidate by searching for peaks corresponding to reasonable loss.</li>
<li>Look for characteristic low-mass fragment ions. </li>
<li>Compare spectrum to reference spectra: <ul>
<li>using compilations in published references</li>
<li>using computerized search of reference spectra</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Spectral interpretation must be reconciled with:<ul>
<li>retention times of nearby peaks in relation to compound indices</li>
<li>all other information about the sample.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Check interpretation by obtaining a spectrum of pure compound under the same instrumental conditions.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Molecular Ion (M⁺) Considerations</h3>
<ul>
<li>If compound is known, molecular ion will have an m/z value equal to the sum of the atomic masses of the most abundant isotope of each element that comprises the molecule. </li>
<li>The M⁺ peak must be the highest m/z value peak of significance (non-background, non isotope). </li>
<li>The nominal molecular weight or m/z value for the molecular ion will be an even number for any compound containing only C, H, O, S, Si, P and halogens. </li>
<li>Fragment ions derived via homolytic fission from these ions will have an odd m/z value. </li>
<li>Fragment ions derived from these molecular ions (even mass) via expulsion of neutral components (e.g., H₂O, CO, ethylene, etc.) will themselves have an even value of m/z. </li>
<li>Nitrogen Rule: A compound containing an odd number of nitrogen atoms in addition to C, H, O, S, Si, P and halogens will have an odd molecular weight. </li>
<li>No fragment ion may contain a larger number of atoms of any particular ele-ment than the M⁺.</li>
</ul>
<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Chrom_Solutions_Molecular_Ion_M_Considerations_306bc73b75/ChromSolutions-Molecular-Ion-(M+)-Considerations.png" alt="ChromSolutions: Molecular Ion (M⁺) Considerations.png"/>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
If these guidelines are adhered to you are more likely to avoid misidentification of unknown compounds and produce more accurate data.
<h3><a href="http://www.chromsolutions.co.uk/">ChromSolutions Ltd</a></h3>
What we offer at ChromSolutions is our wealth of experience in analytical instrument sales and support (over 110 years distributed through the members of our company). We use this experience and extensive libraries to provide concise guidance to GC/MS interpretation. This can be done by providing remote learning, or access to your GC/MS data to ensure the best possible identification of unknown compounds.

GC/MS (EI) Interpretation Quick Reference Guide

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