Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 22nd July 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!
<blockquote>
<h4>👉 <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></h4>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.
</blockquote>
This week we bring to you poster presentations from <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/events/568">ASMS 2024</a> by LECO, Agilent Technologies, and Thermo Fisher Scientific! And as a bonus two application notes from Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific.
<blockquote>
💡 + 100 ASMS posters and presentations <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=284">available in the LabRulezGCMS library</a> (unique search and filtering)
</blockquote>
<h4>1. LECO: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Long_Lifetime_Ion_Detector_GC_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_MS_ASMS_24_LPSS_326_4c9e1fb7a1.pdf">A Novel Long-Lifetime Ion Detector for GC-TOFMS and GCxGC-TOFMS with Sub-Femtogram Detection Limits</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster - ASMS 2024</li>
</ul>
Introduction: Ion detection efficiency and fast response times are critical aspects of the ion detectors used in time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). With modern advancements in ionization, ion optics, and ion transfer efficiency, TOFMS systems are capable of generating high ion flux onto the ion detectors. Having an ion detector that is capable of maintaining optimal performance over a long period of time while accepting high amounts of ion flux is a significant challenge in development of TOFMS instrumentation. Improvements in detector life will minimize maintenance costs and improve TOFMS user experience. A novel long-lifetime ion detector was developed in partnership with El Mul Technologies for use in LECO’s Pegasus® BTX GC and GCxGCTOFMS. The system was thoroughly evaluated for sensitivity and robustness, including longevity of the detector.
Conclusions: The Pegasus BTX GC(GCxGC)-TOFMS with a novel Long-Lifetime Ion Detector has demonstrated the following performance characteristics:
<ul>
<li>Sub-2 fg IDL for GC-TOFMS and Sub-fg IDL for GCxGC-TOFMS </li>
<li>Linear dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude in GC-TOFMS and 4 orders of magnitude in GCxGC-TOFMS</li>
<li>Robust operation: the detector bias remains consistent and BTX peak intensity remains consistent over long periods of time, even with large numbers of samples acquired and significant amounts of charge accumulation on the detector.</li>
</ul>
<h4>2. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_142_utilizing_hydrogen_pesticides_food_gc_ms_po142_asms2024_en_7ed0951b93.pdf">Utilizing hydrogen carrier gas for sensitive analysis of pesticides in food using gas chromatography mass spectrometry</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster - ASMS 2024</li>
</ul>
<h5>Abstract</h5>
Purpose: To demonstrate the performance of the Thermo Scientifc HeSaverH2Safer kit for iConnect split-splitless (SSL) injection module for trace analysis of pesticides using H2 as a carrier gas as a safe and sustainable solution for laboratory operations.
Methods: In this study, hydrogen was used as a carrier gas for GC-MS/MS analysis of trace levels of pesticides in food. The GC was fitted with a new hydrogen safer split/splitless injector, with chromatographic separation performed on a TG-5 SIL MS(30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) capillary GC column. The chromatographic conditions applied ensured critical pair separation was achieved. The GC-MS/MS system was equipped.
<h5>Conclusions</h5>
<ul>
<li>The use of the HeSaver-H2Safer technology allows for a safe and compliant use of hydrogen as an alternative carrier gas in GC/GC-MS applications without the need to install a hydrogen sensor and removes any risk of unwanted reactions with the sample in the hot SSL injector.</li>
<li>When used with hydrogen, the limited carrier gas consumption offered by the HeSaverH2Safer mode permits a very controlled system demand for hydrogen, making this solution ideal for laboratories working with hydrogen generators.</li>
<li>Migrating the GC-MS/MS method from helium to hydrogen requires an adaptation of method parameters to address (i.e., retention time shift and different fragmentation patterns).</li>
<li>97% of pesticides in baby food and 98% in honey showed a linear response in the concentration range 0.005–0.500 mg/kg and the relative standard deviation for N=5 repeats of each sample type at 0.01 mg/kg was equal or lower than 10% for 98% of the evaluated compounds with an advanced electron ionization (AEI) source to increase sensitivity for analyte detection. Quantification and assessment of critical regulatory requirements, such as linearity and sensitivity, were performed in a single software.</li>
</ul>
<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_142_utilizing_hydrogen_pesticides_food_gc_ms_po142_asms2024_en_7ed0951b93.pdf">Analyzing Nitrosamines with Hydrogen Carrier Gas: GC/MS/MS Analysis of Nitrosamines in Sartan Drugs</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Poster Reprint - ASMS 2024</li>
</ul>
Introduction: The limited availability of helium has been a concern, leading to a growing interest in switching to alternative carrier gases like hydrogen. Hydrogen offers several advantages over helium1 , including faster run times and improved chromatographic resolution. Helium is commonly used as a carrier gas for analyzing nitrosamine impurities in pharmaceuticals. However, there are concerns that nitrosamines may react with hydrogen, forming unwanted byproducts. To ensure that using hydrogen as a carrier gas does not impact spectral quality, we evaluated its suitability for analyzing eight impurities:
<ul>
<li>N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA),</li>
<li>N-nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA),</li>
<li>N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA),</li>
<li>N-nitroso-ethylisopropylamine (NEIPA),</li>
<li>N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDIPA),</li>
<li>N-Nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA),</li>
<li>N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBA),</li>
<li>N-Nitrosopiperidine (NPIP).</li>
</ul>
Hydrogen carrier gas was used with the 7000E and 7010 Series GC/TQ systems equipped with the HydroInert and HES ion sources respectively, assessing spectral quality, linearity, repeatability, recovery, and compliance with nitrosamine analysis regulations.
MassHunter 13 software suite provided the tools for data acquisition and processing to be performed under a unified compliance environment. OpenLab Electronic Content Management (ECM) XT includes native tools to facilitate compliance, including the ability to create users with affiliated permissions, the generation of audit trails, and remote data storage.
Conclusions:
<ul>
<li>The 7000E and 7010 Series GC/TQ systems equipped with the HydroInert and HES, respectively, exhibited exceptional performance in determining eight nitrosamine drug impurities in sartan drug products and substances using hydrogen carrier gas.</li>
<li>The method was validated at 30 ppb with acceptable recovery and long-term repeatability. </li>
<li>The 7010 Series GC/TQ system enabled a smooth switch between helium and hydrogen carrier gas without compromising the performance of the methods. </li>
<li>Both the HydroInert and the HES sources facilitated achieving the necessary detection limits for the tested impurities.</li>
</ul>
<h4>4. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_142_utilizing_hydrogen_pesticides_food_gc_ms_po142_asms2024_en_7ed0951b93.pdf">Analysis of Essential Oils Using a Comprehensive GCxGC with a Reverse Flow Modulator Combined with High Resolution GC/MS</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Poster Reprint - ASMS 2024</li>
</ul>
Introduction: Essential oils are typically analyzed to determine their chemical composition contributing to flavor and quality as well as to evaluate their authenticity and identify adulterants. Essential oils are often complex samples with high number of volatile and semi-volatile components that include many isomers with highly similar spectra and close Retention Indices (RIs) when separated on a single column. Hence, a comprehensive GCxGC approach is preferable to achieve an appropriate chromatographic separation for this sample matrix. In this study we used comprehensive GCxGC coupled to a high-resolution accurate mass GC/MS to identify the essential oil components. Here we also investigate approaches for comparison of the complex GCxGC essential oil data.
Conclusions:
<ul>
<li>Several comprehensive GCxGC configurations and method using the high-resolution GC/Q-TOF and RFM were developed and optimized using a diesel sample. </li>
<li>Essential oils were analyzed using the optimized GCxGC approach, and the workflows for compound identification and statistical analysis were evaluated.</li>
</ul>
<h4>5. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00746_en_e14cf49b7b.pdf">Greenhouse Gas Analyzer</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application</li>
</ul>
User Benefits:
<ul>
<li>Simultaneously measures the 3 main greenhouse gases: CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O.</li>
<li>Offers short analysis cycle times and is equipped with an AOC-6000 Plus syringe injection system to analyze large numbers of samples.</li>
<li>Uses nitrogen as a carrier gas for lower running costs.</li>
</ul>
Introduction: Greenhouse gases are a major cause of climate change, and carbon dioxide, (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) are considered the 3 primary greenhouse gases. Although CO₂ accounts for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions followed by CH₄, reducing CH₄ emissions is considered important because CH₄ has a warming effect that is more than twenty times greater than CO₂. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) in November 2021, over 100 countries joined the Global Methane Pledge, which pledges by 2030 to reduce global CH₄ emissions by 30 % compared to 2020 levels. The Greenhouse Gas Analyzer is a gas chromatography system that has been developed by Shimadzu in collaboration with the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) (Fig. 1). Measuring levels of CH₄, CO₂, and N₂O simultaneously in a single sample is difficult, but the Greenhouse Gas Analyzer has been designed to do this simultaneously, which reduces analytical errors and improves the sampling speed, giving researchers a valuable tool in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
This Application News describes using the Greenhouse Gas Analyzer to simultaneously measure CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O levels.
Conclusion: The Greenhouse Gas Analyzer can simultaneously measure 3 greenhouse gases in atmospheric air in a single analysis. Each analysis by the Greenhouse Gas Analyzer is performed in 8 minutes with an analysis cycle time of 10 minutes.
<h4>6. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_002695_gc_triplus_rsh_smart_sample_prep_environ_an002695_na_en_77a5aa2300.pdf">An automated approach for the analysis of VOCs in drinking and surface water by using the TriPlus RSH SMART VOC Sample Prep Station</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application - Environmental</li>
</ul>
Goal: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the suitability of the Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH SMART VOC Sample Prep Station for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking and surface water by using a fully automated sample preparation workflow.
Keywords: Automated sample preparation, TriPlus RSH SMART Sample Prep Station, volatile organic compounds, VOCs, drinking water, surface water, gas chromatography, TRACE 1610 GC, single quadrupole mass spectrometry, ISQ 7610 GC-MS.
Conclusions: The results of these experiments demonstrate that the automated sample preparation capability of the TriPlus RSH SMART VOC Sample Prep Station coupled to the ISQ 7610 GC-MS system provides an ideal solution for water testing laboratories looking to improve productivity and deliver confident results.
<ul>
<li>Static headspace is a convenient solventless extraction technique for volatiles in water with almost no sample preparation required. </li>
<li>Unattended operations of up to 210 samples can be achieved with the automated calibration dilution and ISTD addition workflows.</li>
<li>The automated addition of fresh reagent just before the incubation increases the stability of ISTD/surrogates mix, therefore improving the accuracy of the quantitation of target analytes during data reprocessing.</li>
<li>The TriPlus RSH SMART VOC Sample Prep Station ensures increased sample integrity for highly reliable quantitative analysis, and reduced errors or possible cross-contaminations, maximizing the productivity of the laboratory. Additionally, it allows saving valuable analyst time and improving safety by limiting the user’s exposure to toxic chemicals. </li>
<li>The integrated control for both autosampler and GC-MS in a single CDS ensures a streamlined automated workflow from on-line sample preparation to sequence setup, data acquisition, and reporting. </li>
<li>Suitability of headspace sampling for analysis of VOCs was demonstrated with R2 &gt; 0.990, RRF %RSD &lt; 20%, and calculated amount within 20% of the spiked concentration. </li>
<li>Inter-day reproducibility was demonstrated by running three batches of samples bracketed with QCs. Average absolute peak area %RSD across the entire evaluation period was &lt;20%, the QC calculated amount was within 20% of the expected value, and the calculated recovery was within 70–130%, with the only exception of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane for which the % recovery was 132. </li>
<li>Reliable quantitative analysis was achieved for drinking water samples and surface water samples analyzed in three different batches across six working days. All the sample results were compliant with the thresholds set by the current EU regulation.</li>
</ul>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 30, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 5th August 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!
<blockquote>
<h4>👉 <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></h4>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.
</blockquote>
This week we bring to you applications and other documents by LECO, Agilent Technologies, Waters Corporation, and Shimadzu!
<h4>1. LECO: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Essential_Oil_Fragrance_Samples_BT_G_Cx_GC_Paradigm_Shift_SA_CK_ANALYTIKA_SA_24_LPSS_318_8458df1480.pdf">Non-Target Characterization of Complex Essential Oil and Fragrance Samples with GCxGC-MS/FID for Reliable Identification and Relative Quantitation in a Single Injection</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / Analytica</li>
</ul>
Introduction: Essential oils are extracts from plant materials that capture the plant&#39;s scent and flavors. They have a broad range of applications, as they can be both a finished product and an ingredient or intermediate in the creation of other products. Due to this versatility, the analysis of essential oils is an important area of research with a variety of analytical objectives. 
Because flavors and fragrances are composed of tens or hundreds of ingredients, characterization of these individual species can be challenging. It is not practical to use numerous standards for the identification and quantification of all the individual species. Instead, it is common to use a workflow where MS provides identification and FID provides relative area % quantification, often with separate injections for each.
Additionally, two one-dimensional chromatographic separations with different stationary phases are also often required to isolate the individual compounds due to the complexity of these samples. Here, we demonstrate a possible improvement to this workflow by using a GCxGC-TOFMS/FID instrument that provides reliable identification and relative quantitation in a single injection. GCxGC provides enhanced chromatographic separation of individual analytes, thus removing the requirement for two separate 1D analyses. Coupling this with dual MS and FID detection enables both identification via the FID in one single injection.
Conclusion: Harnessing the power of a TOFMS coupled with a GCxGC platform and an FID allowed us to not only determine the presence and amounts of targeted analytes, but also discover non-target analytes.
This platform, based on GCxGC-TOFMS/FID, can improve workflows in your industry.
<h4>2. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00788_en_8355bce383.pdf">Comprehensive Characterization of Diesel Fuel on GC×GC Utilizing Impressive High-Speed Scan Technology of GCMS-QP2050</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application</li>
</ul>
User Benefits
<ul>
<li>Comprehensive characterization of complex matrices such as diesel fuel is possible with 2D gas chromatography.</li>
<li>The impressive high-speed scan technology of GCMS-QP2050 allows for effective peak separation.</li>
<li>Intuitive comprehension of compounds distribution can be achieved with displaying the data in a two-dimensional image.</li>
</ul>
Introduction: Kerosene, diesel, and other petroleum products are mixtures containing over 100 different hydrocarbons. The properties of petroleum products, such as ignitability and viscosity, depend on their composition and greatly affect physical properties like combustion. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) offers high separation performance by utilizing two different columns, which provides more reliable compositional information for complex mixtures compared to one-dimensional chromatography. In this application, qualitative analysis of diesel fuel using a GC×GC system with GCMS-QP2050 that is capable of high-speed scanning (30,000 u/sec) was conducted. No less than 30,000 u/sec scanning speed improved the separation of peaks that are too close to each other and enabled accurate identification of compounds.
Conclusion: Diesel, a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, was measured using GC×GC-MS. Each component on the two-dimensional image showed characteristic distribution based on its molecular structure, allowing for intuitively understanding of the composition of diesel. Additionally, GC×GC-MS demonstrated Excellentseparation performance for components, enabling more reliable identification of components of diesel compared to 1D GC-MS. The high-speed scan of GCMS-QP2050 (30,000 u/sec) contributesto more precise qualification analysis.
<h4>3. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_05_sca_280_108_en_d87677c8a2.pdf">Analysis of Trialkyl Phosphates as Markers for Lithium Battery Aging</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application</li>
</ul>
User Benefits
<ul>
<li>Lithium Batteries(LIB) decomposition and aging can be evaluated by monitoring Trialkyl Phosphates.</li>
<li>A routine and fast GCMS method for the detection of Trialkyl Phosphates was developed.</li>
<li>Trialkyl Phosphates can be detected with high sensitivity and selectivity in commercial liquid electrolytes</li>
</ul>
Introduction: The electrolyte solution is a crucial part of a typical Lithium-ion battery, consisting of Li salts (e.g. LiPF6), and organic carbonates. Decomposition and formation of phosphorous-based and other organic products starts already at the production stage of the electrolyte. The formation of such molecules does not affect the electrolyte/battery quality negatively, as long as the quantity is low enough. On the contrary, several decomposition products have a positive effect on the formation of the so-called SEI surface (Solid Electrolyte Interface) on the LIB anodes, which is crucial for the battery functionality. Nevertheless, this is a continuous chemical process and the increasing amount of some of the decomposition products is a clear indicator of the progressive aging of the battery/electrolyte. This application is demonstrating the GCMS analysis of Trialkyl Phosphates as reaction products of carbonates and LiPF6 salt. The choice of this compounds as markers for electrochemical battery aging is due to the fact, that their formation is very slow and depends only on a few external parameters, allowing to investigate the electrochemical aging (charge/discharge) by a simple comparison of before/after analyte content.
Conclusion: The presented application demonstrated the suitability of GCMS to investigate the aging of the LIBs using phosphatebased degradation products. This investigation is based on SCAN measurements. Here, a SCAN/SIM mode would be beneficial offering the possibility to detect the main compounds (carbonated, additives) and the degradation products in one measurement. A further improvement would be a dedicated SIM method for the mentioned phosphates with the highest selectivity and sensitivity.
<h4>4. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_dithiocarbamate_pesticide_tea_gc_5994_7663en_agilent_78da56d0be.pdf">Analysis of Dithiocarbamate Pesticides in Tea Using GC/MS/MS</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application Note -Food Testing and Agriculture</li>
</ul>
Abstract: Dithiocarbamate pesticides are commonly used to control fungal diseases in ornamental plants and crops, and for control of tea gray blight. The residue definition for dithiocarbamate pesticides is expressed as total dithiocarbamate, determined as mg CS₂/kg. Methods for analysis of CS₂ use extraction of the sample into an acidified stannous chloride solution with isooctane, where the dithiocarbamate residues are converted to CS₂, which is captured in isooctane and analyzed by GC/MS. This application note describes the analysis of dithiocarbamate residues in tea using an Agilent GC/MS/MS in both SIM and MRM modes. A limit of quantification of 10 ppb was achieved in tea samples. Linearity was established in matrix-matched standards with R2 &gt; 0.999 for the range from 5 to 100 ppb, with average recoveries &gt; 85% at the 10 ppb level of fortification.
Conclusion: Analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticides as CS₂, using isooctane as a sample preparation solvent, can lead to the combination of a relatively high boiling solvent with low boiling analytes. Hot spitless injections result in poor peak shapes for CS₂; better peak shapes can be obtained with cold injection in split mode. Further improvement in peak shapes can be achieved by using a multibaffled liner. Matrixmatched calibration standards ranging from 5 to 100 ppb were used to assess calibration performance, with linearity established at R² &gt; 0.999 in both SIM and MS/MS modes. The method was validated following the criteria specified in SANTE 11312/2021v2, with the ability to detect CS₂ peaks down to 5 ppb using Agilent 7000D, 7000E, and 7010C GC/MS/MS instruments. Implementing a backflush method in the GC/MS analysis of tea samples can significantly improve the separation of target analytes from complex matrix components, enhancing sensitivity and throughput. Repeatability tests showed RSDs consistently below 4.2% for injections at 10 ppb concentration, indicating high precision and repeatability 
<h4>5. Waters Corporation: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720008300_en_1dd7d73213.pdf">Converting Target Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides in Environmental Matrices from Electron Ionization GC-HRMS Using Helium Carrier Gas to Atmospheric Pressure Ionization GC-MS/MS Using Nitrogen Carrier Gas</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application Note</li>
</ul>
Abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are among the high production volume chemicals produced in the past that had wide application and exhibit significant persistence in the environment. DDT, for example, has a half-life in sediment of up to 15 years meaning that it may not be 90% degraded for 45 to 60 years.¹ Furthermore, they are associated with a number of negative health effects when bioaccumulated in humans and animals. These are among the reasons that nine of the initial 12 compounds addressed by the 2004 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) belong to this compound class.² 
Due to the complexity of matrices, such as sediment and biota, encountered when monitoring the fate, transportand occurrence of these compounds, it is necessary to employ techniques with high sensitivity, specificity, and robustness for these studies. In the past this has required the use of complex sample extraction and clean-up combined with electron ionization (EI) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) using magnetic sector instrumentation. However, in recent years the performance of Gas Chromatography Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (GC-APCI-MS/MS) has demonstrated equal or better performance than the classic technique.³ In this work the Atmospheric Pressure Gas Chromatography (APGC™) ionization source on a Xevo™ TQ-XS Tandem Quadrupole System was used with both helium (He) and nitrogen (N₂) carrier gas to analyze sediment and biota extracts for the presence of 39 OCPs. Performance characteristics and sample quantification results for APGC-MS/MS were compared with results for the same aliquots run using GC-EI-HRMS.
Conclusion: The GC-EI-HRMS reference method separations and runtime were matched on the APGC-MS/MS system with only minor modification to the He carrier gas flowrate. Scaling of the column dimensions for use with N₂ carrier gas effectively reproduced the reference method separations and total runtime which allows the use of the same acquisition and processing files across both configurations. The comparison between the APGC He and N₂ carrier gas data shows that sensitivity is also maintained within a factor of two times between the two carrier gases. Analysis of extracted samples of biota and sediment indicate good agreement between the APGC N₂ carrier gas method and the EI HRMS reference method values. These results demonstrate the feasibility of modernizing the traditional reference method with a technique that is more easily integrated into most labs and more accessible for most operators.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 32, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 12th August 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!
<blockquote>
<h4>👉 <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></h4>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.
</blockquote>
This week we bring to you a poster from <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/events/568">ASMS 2024</a> by LECO, applications and other documents by Agilent Technologies, and Shimadzu!
<h4>1. LECO: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Leachables_Topical_Ointments_Sample_Prep_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Chroma_TOF_Sync_JB_ASMS_24_LPSS_325_c545e07c6d.pdf">Employing Novel Sample Preparation and Analysis by GC-TOFMS for Improved Target and Non-Target Detection of Leachables in Cream/Gel Drug Products</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction: Topical ointments are commonly used to treat diseases and skin conditions by introducing the active drug ingredient through the dermis. To ensure the safety of the product for consumers, the US FDA requires that these formulations undergo leachables studies to determine the presence of chemicals which may migrate into the product from the packaging materials. Topical ointments such as creams and gels often take the form of oil-in-water emulsions which presents a challenging matrix for these analyses. Since these emulsions cannot be analyzed directly, novel sample preparations must be developed. Even with improved sample preparation techniques, the resulting extracts can still be challenging for traditional GC-MS systems. In this collaborative study, two different sample preparation methods were employed to extract a group of five chemicals commonly found in metal packaging containers such as tubes and tins. Unspiked and blind spiked samples from extraction methods A and B were provided for analysis on LECO’s Pegasus® BTX GC-Time-of-Flight (TOF) MS system. The goal was to determine the ability of the system to effectively detect and identify these chemicals with a non-target approach by leveraging mass spectral deconvolution and a software tool (ChromaTOF® Sync) designed for the comparison of samples.
Conclusions
<ul>
<li>The Pegasus BTX GC-TOFMS successfully detected and identified all five spiked leachables in this non-target case study. Non-target analyses can be critically important for extractable and leachable studies to ensure drug product safety.</li>
<li>ChromaTOF Sync was used to successfully compare unspiked and blind-spiked ointment extracts to quickly find the leachable analytes which were present at significantly higher levels in the spikes. Automated deconvolution was crucial for uncovering the spiked analytes from the complex matrix interferences.</li>
<li>A brief demonstration of GCxGC separation power to improve the trace level identification of 9,10-anthracenedione in the presence of heavy matrix background was effectively demonstrated.</li>
</ul>
<h4>2. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_residual_nmp_lithium_ion_battery_electrodes_5994_7677en_agilent_66bf9d9256.pdf">Analysis of Residual N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Application</li>
</ul>
An analysis approach using the Agilent 8697 headspace sampler with the Agilent 8860 GC system and flame ionization detector
Abstract: Accurately measuring N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) residue is crucial for ensuring appropriate control of electrode quality in lithium-ion battery manufacturing. This necessitates the extraction of residual NMP from battery electrodes for subsequent gas chromatography (GC) analysis. Two common extraction approaches include liquid extraction (LE) of NMP from electrodes and heated extraction through a headspace sampler. This application note describes an NMP analysis method using headspace-based extraction and GC analysis with a flame ionization detector (FID). Residual NMP analysis was then conducted on real electrode samples to compare the results between headspace sampling (HS) and LE techniques.
Conclusion: In this study, a method for analyzing residual NMP in electrodes was developed using the Agilent 8697 headspacesampler coupled with the Agilent 8860 GC system and FID. The method&#39;s investigation assessed the system&#39;s performance in terms of matrix-matched calibration, quantitation precision, detection limit, and system carryover. The HS approach demonstrated an excellent detection limit and quantitation precision for targeted NMP analysis. In the carryover test, no NMP was detected in the blank run immediately after analyzing a blank cathode spiked with 100 µg NMP. The comparison between HS and LE analytical methods showed that HS could accurately quantify NMP in anode samples. The recovery rate of NMP from cathodes using the HS technique was approximately 65 to 78% of that achieved by the LE-based method. Given its operational simplicity and quantitation precision, HS is suitable for the process control of an established electrodes manufacturing route, while LE is recommended for the development of manufacturing processes and troubleshooting electrode quality issues.
<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/flyer_5q_gc_column_campaign_5994_7659en_agilent_5f55755564.pdf">Get the Most from Your MS Agilent J&amp;W DB-5Q and HP-5Q GC columns</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Other</li>
</ul>
<h5>Agilent J&amp;W DB-5Q and HP-5Q GC columns</h5>
Meet the new gold standard for GC/MS
Agilent J&amp;W 5Q GC columns are designed to ensure optimal analyte delivery to your quadrupoles. They combine industry-leading ultra inert performance with ultra low-bleed technology, setting a new standard for GC/MS column reliability and productivity.
<ul>
<li>Ultra low-bleed performance enhances data accuracy with high spectral fidelity and stable baseline integration.</li>
<li>Ultra inert performance increases sensitivity for active, trace-level analytes and provides balanced deactivation for multiclass analyte panels.</li>
<li>Ultrafast conditioning and outstanding column durability improve uptime by minimizing the frequency of column changes.</li>
<li>Identical selectivity to current 5ms columns simplifies adaptation to existing retention time libraries and retention time locking.</li>
<li>Compatibility with any GC/MS system ensures a seamless fit for all Agilent GC platforms.</li>
</ul>
<h4>4. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/c180_e101_c8f3739683.pdf">GC/GC-MS Glass Insert/Liner Selection Guide</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>Guides</li>
</ul>
<h5>Contents</h5>
1. Introduction
<ul>
<li>1-1. Glass Inserts/Liners 3</li>
<li>1-2. Sample Injection Unit/Injection Method 4</li>
</ul>
2. Glass Insert Selection
<ul>
<li>2-1. Glass Insert Selection by GC Model/Sample Injection Unit<ul>
<li>GC-2030/GC-2050</li>
<li>GC-2010 series</li>
<li>GC-2014 series</li>
<li>GC-2025</li>
<li>HS-10</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>2-2. Glass Insert Selection by Application<ul>
<li>SPME/SPME Arrow</li>
<li>Aqueous Solvent Analysis</li>
<li>SPL (Split/Splitless)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
3. Selection Guide
4. All Glass Insert List
<ul>
<li>4-1. Glass Insert Compatible Instruments</li>
<li>4-2. Glass Insert Information Table</li>
</ul>
5. Accessories

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 33, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 19th August 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!
<blockquote>
<h4>👉 <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></h4>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.
</blockquote>
This week we bring to you a posters from <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/events/568">ASMS 2024</a> by LECO, Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Thermo Fisher Scientific!
<h4>1. LECO: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/NIST_LIBRARY_MATCH_QUALITY_HRT_MMS_CF_ASMS_24_LPSS_320_90d3c6e8c9.pdf">Evaluation of the NIST Library Matching Quality of Mass Spectra Generated by the GC-HR-TOFMS with Multi-Mode Ionization Source</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction: Comparison of electron ionization spectra against standardized libraries is a staple approach to compound identification in non-targeted GC-MS analysis. High-quality matches are central to the pace of, and confidence in, such analyses. Recent developments in gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry have progressed non-targeted analysis applications to a wide variety of studies. However, modern ion-optical design principles which allow gains in sensitivity and resolving power may inadvertently alter fragmentation patterns, which may in turn affect the reliability of automated comparisons against standard libraries. Thus, thorough evaluation and validation of the high-quality spectra matching to the standard libraries, like NIST, is necessary for comprehensive assessment of the promised benefits of new technologies.
Conclusions: This multi-mode ionization source, as assessed using these 207 diverse analytes, generates fragmentation patterns which align very well with the NIST spectral library. Across all analytes in standard solutions, the mean library match score was 935 and the standard deviation for this value was 24.2. Mean match scores were agreeable regardless of moieties present. Percent differences for MRPS #2 spiked into a Pu’er Tea and MRPS #8 spiked into a dietary supplement were - 3.75 % and -1.44 %, illustrating how the system can easily maintain spectral confidence even in complex matrices. Overall, this study suggests the electron ionization mode of this multimode ion source, in combination with its high-resolution time of flight mass analyzer, yields spectra in excellent agreement with the quadruple dominated NIST library.
<h4>2. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_7000d_mrm_fast_analysis_enviro_compounds_asms_2024_thp360_en_agilent_d338929001.pdf">Fast Analysis of 140 Environmental Compounds by GC/MS/MS</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction: Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental pollutants with the potential for bioaccumulation.¹ Previously, these compound classes have been analyzed using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD), but this requires full chromatographic separation of all analytes for confident chemical identification. With a triple quadrupole detector (QQQ), analysis time significantly drops due to mass identification eliminating the need to chromatographically separate all components. Further, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode on the QQQ provides a higher confidence in peak identification than analysis by scan or selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Combining chromatographic separation and MS/MS analysis is especially useful for PAHs and PCBs where multiple analytes may have the same m/z value.
Conclusions: Transitioning methods from GC-ECD to GC/MS/MS is highly beneficial.
By running in MRM mode, we enable the following:
<ul>
<li>Significant time-savings</li>
<li>Increased confidence in hits</li>
<li>Sample quantification remains the same</li>
</ul>
<h4>3. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Th_P364_Novel_High_Sensitivity_Detector_for_GCMS_adcdac36c4.pdf">Novel High Sensitivity Detector for GC/MS</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Overview
<ul>
<li>We have developed a novel high sensitivity detector which has a simple structure to achieve high ion transmission and eliminate neutral molecules simultaneously.</li>
<li>Signal to noise ratio (S/N) was 1.5 times higher than that with a conventional detector.</li>
</ul>
Introduction: 
In GC/MS, numerous neutral molecules originated from carrier gas pass through quadrupole mass filter without being removed, and thereby they are finally transferred to ion detector. When they enter the detector, they may cause noise in the detecting signal. For this problem, some detector structures have already been proposed to remove these neutral molecules. However, they have complex structures and the room for improvement of ion transmission. In this study, we have developed the new high sensitivity detector which has a simple structure to achieve high ion transmission and to eliminate neutral molecules simultaneously.
Conclusions:
<ul>
<li>We have developed the new high sensitivity detector and achieved the high ion transmission and removal of neutral molecules simultaneously.</li>
<li>Signal intensity was increased by 1.2 times and noise was reduced by about 20%, S/N was 1.5 times higher than that with the conventional detector.</li>
<li>This noise reduction effect will be larger in the high flow analysis. In addition, this detector is promising to extend the lifetime of the detector due to less contamination from neutral particles in the conversion dynode and electron multiplier.</li>
</ul>
<h4>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_142_utilizing_hydrogen_pesticides_food_gc_ms_po142_asms2024_en_7ed0951b93.pdf">Utilizing hydrogen carrier gas for sensitive analysis of pesticides in food using gas chromatography mass spectrometry</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
<h5>Abstract</h5>
Purpose: To demonstrate the performance of the Thermo Scientifc HeSaverH2Safer kit for iConnect split-splitless (SSL) injection module for trace analysis of pesticides using H2 as a carrier gas as a safe and sustainable solution for laboratory operations 
Methods: In this study, hydrogen was used as a carrier gas for GC-MS/MS analysis of trace levels of pesticides in food. The GC was fitted with a new hydrogen safer split/splitless injector, with chromatographic separation performed on a TG-5 SIL MS (30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) capillary GC column. The chromatographic conditions applied ensured critical pair separation was achieved. The GC-MS/MS system was equipped with an advanced electron ionization (AEI) source to increase sensitivity for analyte detection. Quantification and assessment of critical regulatory requirements, such as linearity and sensitivity, were performed in a single software.
<h5>Conclusions</h5>
<ul>
<li>The use of the HeSaver-H2Safer technology allows for a safe and compliant use of hydrogen as an alternative carrier gas in GC/GC-MS applications without the need to install a hydrogen sensor and removes any risk of unwanted reactions with the sample in the hot SSL injector.</li>
<li>When used with hydrogen, the limited carrier gas consumption offered by the HeSaverH2Safer mode permits a very controlled system demand for hydrogen, making this solution ideal for laboratories working with hydrogen generators.</li>
<li>Migrating the GC-MS/MS method from helium to hydrogen requires an adaptation of method parameters to address (i.e., retention time shift and different fragmentation patterns).</li>
<li>97% of pesticides in baby food and 98% in honey showed a linear response in the concentration range 0.005–0.500 mg/kg and the relative standard deviation for N=5 repeats of each sample type at 0.01 mg/kg was equal or lower than 10% for 98% of the evaluated compounds.</li>
</ul>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 34, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 26th August 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!
<blockquote>
<h4>👉 <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></h4>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.
</blockquote>
This week we bring to you a posters from <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/events/568">ASMS 2024</a> by LECO, Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Thermo Fisher Scientific!
<h4>1. LECO: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Long_Lifetime_Ion_Detector_GC_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_MS_ASMS_24_LPSS_326_4c9e1fb7a1.pdf">A Novel Long-Lifetime Ion Detector for GC-TOFMS and GCxGC-TOFMS with Sub-Femtogram Detection Limits</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction: Ion detection efficiency and fast response times are critical aspects of the ion detectors used in time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). With modern advancements in ionization, ion optics, and ion transfer efficiency, TOFMS systems are capable of generating high ion flux onto the ion detectors. Having an ion detector that is capable of maintaining optimal performance over a long period of time while accepting high amounts of ion flux is a significant challenge in development of TOFMS instrumentation. Improvements in detector life will minimize maintenance costs and improve TOFMS user experience. A novel long-lifetime ion detector was developed in partnership with El Mul Technologies for use in LECO’s Pegasus® BTX GC and GCxGCTOFMS. The system was thoroughly evaluated for sensitivity and robustness, including longevity of the detector.
Conclusions: The Pegasus BTX GC(GCxGC)-TOFMS with a novel Long-Lifetime Ion Detector has demonstrated the following performance characteristics:
<ul>
<li>Sub-2 fg IDL for GC-TOFMS and Sub-fg IDL for GCxGC-TOFMS</li>
<li>Linear dynamic range of 5 orders of magnitude in GC-TOFMS and 4 orders of magnitude in GCxGC-TOFMS</li>
<li>Robust operation: the detector bias remains consistent and BTX peak intensity remains consistent over long periods of time, even with large numbers of samples acquired and significant amounts of charge accumulation on the detector.</li>
</ul>
<h4>2. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_153_dioxin_analysis_gc_orbitrap_capabilities_po153_asms2024_en_f72a355ee6.pdf">Meeting the challenges of Dioxin analysis and more with GC-Orbitrap high mass resolution capabilities</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
<h5>Abstract</h5>
Purpose: Evaluate the performance of gas chromatography (GC) Orbitrap high mass resolution spectrometry for trace analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/PCDF) at current maximum allowable limits in soil according to EPA 1613 method criteria.¹ 
Method summary: Sample analysis was carried out on the Thermo ScientificOrbitrap Explorisᵀᴹ GC 240 mass spectrometer. A sample volume of 1.5 μL was injected for chromatographic separation using a TG-Dioxin (60 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) capillary GC column with a Thermo Scientific TRACE 1610 GC. Ion source conditions were optimized to fulfill sensitivity criteria of EPA 1613. Performance was evaluated through analysis of a raw soil extract previously analyzed using a regulatory compliant method². Quantification was performed using isotopic dilution in Thermo Scientific Chromeleon Chromatography Data System (CDS) software using the Dioxin Analyzer workflow . 
Results: The Orbitrap GC mass spectrometer fulfilled the high sensitivity, mass accuracy and resolution criteria of EPA 1613 at femtogram (fg) levels within a raw soil extract. Combined with a large dynamic range (0.05 – 100 pg•μL⁻¹), the OE GC provides users with an alternative analytical approach to deliver sensitive and accurate analysis of PCDD/F while enabling laboratories to meet future analytical challenges with high resolution accurate mass data.
<h4>3. Shimadzu: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Th_P_347_ASMS_Poster_Cafe_Ana_V6_239x117_03f5bcb26c.pdf">Ensuring food safety through the study of potential extractables and leachables in roasted coffee packaging by ultra-sensitive Headspace GC/MS</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction
<ul>
<li>The main function of food product packaging is to protect food against any contaminant. However, in some circumstances, this packaging can release possible substances that pose a risk to human health. These are extractables and leachables (E&amp;L) compounds that migrate from materials into the product, especially under factors such as temperature, time, and solvents.</li>
<li>Notably, Brazilian legislation lacks a consolidated assessment to monitor these compounds in the food industry.</li>
<li>The Headspace Shimadzu HS-20 NX trap model allows the concentration of compounds, up to 10 times, in a trap material. This means that even very small traces of these contaminants can be detected and quantified accurately.</li>
<li>When coupled with GCMS-QP2020 NX (Fig.1), the HS-20 NX becomes a powerful tool for identifying and analyzing potential toxic contaminants, significantly contributing to food safety and compliance with quality regulations.</li>
</ul>
Conclusion
<ul>
<li>The use of HS-20 NX in Trap mode with GC/MS enabled the identification of over 100 compounds, comparing the spectra with the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. Among these compounds are potential E&amp;L substances, as well as coffee aroma components.</li>
<li>This technique demonstrates high versatility and efficiency by providing high analytical sensitivity capable of identifying compounds even at low concentrations, something unachievable by conventional methods. This evolution represents a notable advancement in coffee and food quality control, enabling precise detection of essential characteristics and components to ensure the excellence of the final product and consumer health.</li>
</ul>
<h4>4. Agilent Technologies: <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Th_P_347_ASMS_Poster_Cafe_Ana_V6_239x117_03f5bcb26c.pdf">Faster Qualitative Analysis of Essential Oils Using GC/MS with Hydrogen Carrier Gas and a Hydrogen Optimized EI Source</a></h4>
<ul>
<li>poster / <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS 2024</a></li>
</ul>
Introduction: Due to the price of helium (He), many laboratories are looking for alternative carrier gases for their gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods. This work describes the conversion of a GC/MS method for the identification of flavor and fragrance compounds in essential oils from helium to hydrogen (H₂). A single quadrupole GC/MS system was used with hydrogen carrier gas and an EI source optimized to provide spectral fidelity with hydrogen. To increase confidence in compound identifications, deconvoluted mass spectra and linear retention indices (RI) were searched against the NIST23 mass spectral library. A column and chromatographic conditions for hydrogen were chosen that reduce the analysis time by 2.5 times compared to the helium method and generates results comparable to helium.
Conclusions: The data presented here shows that H₂ can successfully be used as a carrier gas for flavor and fragrance analyses with the proper conversion steps.
<ul>
<li>The choice of the 20 m x 0.18 mm id x 0.18 µm film HP-5MSUI column allowed a 2.5 times faster analysis with equivalent chromatographic resolution.</li>
<li>The Method Translation calculator provided chromatographic conditions that maintained the same elution order as with the He method, resulting in excellent agreement of the RI values measured with both methods.</li>
<li>The use of MassHunter Unknowns Analysis software to deconvolute spectra and search them with RI filtering against the NIST23 library significantly simplified identification of the flavor components.</li>
<li>The HydroInert EI source minimized in-source reactions with H₂, resulting in higher LMS values.</li>
</ul>
For further details on this work, please see reference 3. Reference 4 provides more information on flavor components that can react with H₂ in the source, and which benefit from the use of HydroInert. Note that if He is available at an acceptable price, it is the preferred carrier for GC/MS and should be used. However, as shown in this work, H2 can be used if appropriate method adjustments are made to accommodate its use.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 35, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 9th September 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring to you applications by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Thermo Fisher Scientific and poster by LECO from ACS meeting!<h4>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_002952_gc_ms_isq_environmental_an002952_na_en_9738609742.pdf">Adhering to U.S. EPA Method 524.2 for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in drinking water</a></h4><ul><li>application</li></ul>Goal: Demonstration of a routine analytical method that meets the requirements outlined in U.S. EPA 524.2 for the quantitation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water, using the Teledyne LABS Tekmar Lumin Purge and Trap (P&amp;T) concentrator paired with the AQUATek LVA autosampler system along with a Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7610 MS system coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1610 gas chromatograph (GC) and Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon™ Chromatography Data System (CDS). Method linearity, method detection limit (MDL), precision, and accuracy were assessed to evaluate method performance.Introduction: Analytical testing labs play a crucial role in monitoring surface, ground, and drinking water for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Common by-products in the processing of household and industrial products, VOCs can contaminate water sources, potentially harming the environment and public health. To safeguard against this, labs use the U.S. EPA Method 524.21 to test water for the presence of VOCs, including four trihalomethane disinfection by-products. This procedure utilizes Purge and Trap (P&amp;T) procedures to remove VOCs with high volatility and low water solubility from water samples, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Conclusion: The TRACE 1610 GC, the ISQ 7610 system, and the Tekmar Lumin P&amp;T with the AQUATek LVA autosampler system together offer benefits for executing U.S. EPA Method 524.2. The Tekmar Lumin P&amp;T concentrator enhances sample throughput through efficient trap cooling and moisture control, thus reducing peak interference and extending GC column life. The ISQ 7610 system’s VPI and ExtractaBrite ion source allow ionization source and analytical column replacement without venting the instrument, ensuring minimal downtime, and the XLXR™ detector offers extended linear dynamic range. The collective technology addresses routine VOC analysis challenges, ensuring robust sensitivity, maximized output, and consistent method compliance. The ISQ 7610 system equipped with the VPI coupled with the Tekmar Lumin P&amp;T and the AQUATek LVA autosampler exceeds all the requirements outlined in U.S. EPA Method 524.2 for analysis of VOCs in drinking water:<ul><li>Excellent linearity for all compounds was demonstrated with the %RSD of the calibration response factors passing all method requirements.</li><li>MDL and precision for seven 0.5 ppb standards showed no interference from excessive water and produced very reproducible results. The average MDL result for all 83 target compounds was 0.06 ppb with a precision of 4.06%.</li><li>The precision for n=31 samples over 189 injections displayed &lt;30% RSD accuracy for all compounds as the method requires. The average precision for all 83 target compounds and 2 surrogates gave a %RSD of 6.43% with an accuracy of 98% recovering the compounds. Individually, 4-bromofluorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene-d4 had a 7.68% RSD with an accuracy of 98% and 4.95% RSD and an accuracy of 95%, respectively, over 189 injections and almost four days of uninterrupted analysis.</li></ul><h4>2. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00706_en_f95bd4b605.pdf">Analysis of Denatured Fuel Ethanol with Brevis GC-2050 Using ASTM D5501</a></h4><ul><li>application</li></ul>User Benefits<ul><li>The compact design of the Brevis GC-2050 enables space-saving in the laboratory.</li><li>As an alternative gas for helium, hydrogen can be used as the carrier gas.</li><li>&nbsp;Analysis of ethanol and methanol in fuels based on ASTM D5501 is possible.</li></ul>IntroductionBioethanol has attracted attention as a form of renewable energy which can be obtained from biomasssuch as corn and sugar cane. ASTM D5501 provides a test method for determination of the concentrations of ethanol and methanol in fuels for concentrations of ethanol from 20 to 100 wt% and concentrations of methanol from 0.01 to 0.6 wt%.In this Application News article, measurements of the purity of ethanol containing gasoline as a denaturant as specified in ASTM D5501 were carried out with a Brevis GC-2050 gas chromatograph, using helium and hydrogen asthe carrier gases.ConclusionEthanol purity tests were carried out as provided in ASTM D5501 using a Brevis GC-2050 gas chromatograph. The splitter linearity test showed no inlet discrimination so that accurate qualitative analysis could be made for denatured fuel ethanol with the wide boiling range components regardless of whether helium or hydrogen was used as the carrier gas.<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_aldehydes_beer_pal3_autosampler_5977c_gc_msd_5994_7633en_agilent_1fe3b8541c.pdf">Analysis of Aldehydes in Beer by Agilent PAL3 Autosampler and 5977C GC/MSD</a></h4><ul><li>application</li></ul>AbstractThis application note describes a method for quantitation of four aldehydes (hexanal, furfural, phenylacetaldehyde, and trans-2-nonenal) responsible for off-flavors in beer using an Agilent 8890/5977C GC/MSD with an Agilent PAL3 (SPME) autosampler. The method used fully automated, solvent-free extraction and on-fiber derivatization. The aldehyde compounds were derivatized with the derivatization agent O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride (PFBHA) using the on-fiber derivatization procedure. The derivatization agent was first adsorbed onto an Agilent 65 µm PDMS/DVB fiber. Next, the fiber was inserted into a 20 mL headspace vial containing a 2 mL beer sample with agitation at 60 °C for 30 minutes. Both extraction and derivatization procedures were automatically performed using the PAL3 autosampler. The method demonstrated excellent sensitivity, with detection limits of 0.0009 µg/L for hexanal, 0.52 µg/L for furfural, 0.015 µg/L for phenylacetaldehyde, and 0.003 µg/L for trans-2-nonenal. The limits of the quantification for the four compounds were 0.003, 1.72, 0.05, and 0.01&nbsp;µg/L, respectively. The four aldehydes were successfully quantified in four beer samples purchased from a supermarket. Good repeatability was demonstrated with RSD &lt; 4.9% based on three replicate injections of the four beer samples for all four&nbsp;aldehydes.ConclusionThis application note describes the quantitative analysis of four aldehydes (hexanal, furfural, phenylacetaldehyde, and trans-2-nonenal) responsible for off-flavors in beer using an Agilent 8890/5977C GC/MSD with a PAL3 (SPME) autosampler. This method offers the advantages of full automation, rapid analysis, solvent-free extraction, and on-fiber derivatization. With this automated solution, excellent sensitivity was demonstrated for the detection of hexanal (0.0009 μg/L), furfural (0.52 μg/L), phenylacetaldehyde (0.015&nbsp;μg/L), and trans-2-nonenal (0.003 μg/L). Four different brands of beer were analyzed, with hexanal detected in the range of 0.45 to 1.56 μg/L, furfural in the range of 6.62&nbsp;to 50.37 μg/L, phenylacetaldehyde in the range of 6.64 to 10.51&nbsp;μg/L, and trans-2-nonenal in the range of 0.031 to 0.062&nbsp;μg/L. Good repeatability was demonstrated with RSD&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;4.9% based on three replicate injections of the four beer samples for all four aldehydes.<h4>4. LECO: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/hf_acs21_lpss_284_c35134b9cd.pdf">Combining GC with MS and Olfactory Detection for a Variety of Food, Flavor, and Fragrance Analyses</a></h4><ul><li>Poster / ACS</li></ul>INTRODUCTIONGas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is an important tool for the characterization of a wide range of food, flavor, and fragrance samples. The components most likely to contribute to the aroma of a sample tend to be volatile and semi-volatile analytes, and GC-MS is well-suited for this type of analysis. Complex samples are effectively separated into the individual analyte components with GC. Time-of-Flight (TOF) MS detection provides important information towards the identification of these potentially important components of the sample with full m/z range data that can be library searched and that is also optimal for deconvolution algorithms. The incorporation of olfactory (O) detection with this data is particularly helpful for connecting the identified features with their contributions to the overall aroma or flavor. This type of sensory directed analysis highlights regions of interest and leads to specific analytes of interest for a focused review of the data. This combination of tools can separate and identify analytes and then determine those that are most important for contributing to the sensory characteristics of the sample. A variety of samples were analyzed with this combination of tools, and the benefits of using the information together are highlighted.CONCLUSIONSIn this work, the combination of a GC separation with MS and O for detection provided a powerful and efficient analytical platform to isolate individual analytes, identify those isolated analytes, and connect them to their sensory impacts. The olfactory data allowed for sensory directed analysis. In each case, the GC separation and full m/z range TOFMS data were crucial for determining the identification of the feature responsible for the characteristic aroma. This collection of tools was demonstrated for the characterization of the most aroma impacting components of a nutmeg essential oil, the distinction of sensory differences in cilantro, and the determination of an off-odor in beer.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 37, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 30th September 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring to you applications by Agilent Technologies, Waters Corporation, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, and a poster from <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS</a> by Shimadzu!<h4>1. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/TP_093_Analysis_of_PFAS_in_Water_Final_05292024_8fa9fcb27d.pdf">Analysis of Volatile PFAS in Water Using Head-Space Solid Phase Microextraction- Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME GC/MS)</a></h4><ul><li>Poster / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/296">ASMS</a>&nbsp;</li></ul>Introduction&nbsp;Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are environmental pollutants with recognized health and environmental concerns due to their probable toxicity, persistence, and ubiquitousness throughout the environment, and consumer and industrial products. PFAS encompass a large family of chemicals with varying physicochemical properties. These properties not only affect their toxicity and environmental fate, but also complicates chemical analysis.In this work, a Head-Space Solid Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME GCMS) analytical method was developed to analyze six classes of volatile PFAS in water. This HS-SPME method presents the advantage of simplifying sample extraction and handling for the analysis of volatile PFAS in water, hence, minimizing operational costs, potential errors, and risk of sample-cross contamination.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the use of a Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2020 NX single quadrupole instrument configured with the AOC-6000 Plus multifunctional autosampler and an automated head space solid phase microextraction unit for measurement of volatile PFAS compounds in water. Linear calibration curves were obtained for all compounds (R 2 ≥ 0.993 and RF %RSD &lt; 20 %). The HS-SPME GC/MS-QP2020 NX method demonstrated qualitative and quantitative capability of analyzing PFAS compounds.<h4>2. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003028_gc_ms_isq_epa_vocs_an003028_na_en_7646797ef5.pdf">Analysis of volatile organic compounds in drinking water according to U.S. EPA Method 524.4</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>GoalDemonstration of an analytical method that meets the requirements outlined in U.S. EPA Method 524.4 for the quantitation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water, using the Teledyne LABS Tekmar Lumin Purge and Trap (P&amp;T) concentrator paired with the AQUATek LVA autosampler system along with a Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7610 MS system coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1610 gas chromatograph (GC) and Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon™ Chromatography Data System (CDS). Target analyte linearity, method detection limit (MDL), minimum report level (MRL), and mid-point precision and accuracy were assessed to evaluate method performance.Keywords: EPA, U.S. EPA 524.4, VOCs, phthalates, trace analysis, gas chromatography, single quadrupole mass spectrometry, selected ion monitoring, sensitivity, GRO, THM, volatiles, environmental lab, environmental sample analysis, analytical testing laboratories, ISQ 7610 MS, TRACE 1610 GC, GC-MS.IntroductionVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are man-made contaminants in various products that pose environmental and public health risks. These compounds are regulated in drinking water, and laboratories follow regulations including U.S. EPA Method 524.2.1 A previous application note described U.S. EPA Method 524.2,2,3 which is the most common method for VOC water testing in the USA. U.S. EPA Method 524.4 is an updated method that allows for nitrogen to be used as the purge gas, thus reducing helium consumption, and is now being more widely used. Targeting 75 VOCs, this method differs by offering more method parameter flexibility but stricter quality control, including the stringent calculation of the minimum reporting level for evaluating calibration checks.Implementing U.S. EPA Method 524.4 can present multiple challenges for laboratories. Striking a balance between optimized method conditions and meeting the acceptance criteria, like detection limit requirements for various compound concentrations, is pivotal. Another major hurdle is managing the water matrix to minimize GC-MS system water introduction, which could lead to detrimental effects and delay sample reporting, thereby increasing public safety risks. Ultimately, maintaining consistency in test results to avoid sample reanalysis is crucial. Another factor for laboratories to consider is the fluctuating cost of helium, which is the analytical gas of choice for this analysis. Reducing the use of helium—a limited resource—will enable the laboratory to reduce operational costs and increase profitability.The following evaluation describes the use of the ISQ 7610 GC-MS system coupled with a TRACE 1610 GC with the Thermo Scientific™ HeSaver-H2Safer™ split/splitless injector and Teledyne LABS Tekmar Lumin P&amp;T concentrator paired with the AQUATek LVA autosampler for U.S. EPA Method 524.4.ConclusionThe combined solution of the TRACE 1610 GC coupled with the ISQ 7610 system and the Tekmar Lumin P&amp;T concentrator with the AQUATek LVA autosampler system successfully addresses the challenges of VOC analysis and provides a robust, sensitive solution needed for ensuring maximized sample throughput and regulatory method compliance for U.S. EPA Method 524.4.<ul><li>Excellent linearity for all compounds was demonstrated with the linear regression (r²≥0.995) of the calibration response factors passing all method requirements.</li><li>MDL and precision for seven 0.5 ppb standards showed no interference from excessive water and produced very reproducible results.</li><li>The precision for n=30 samples over 245 injections displayed &lt;30% RSD for all compounds as the method requires and an average recovery of 91%.</li><li>Utilizing HeSaver-H2Safer technology reduced helium consumption for the method by 4 times, which provides a significant cost savings.</li></ul><h4>3. Waters Corporation: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720008298_en_db4158391c.pdf">Extractables Analysis of Nasal Spray Devices Using Gas Chromatography and High- Resolution Mass Spectrometry With Soft Ionization</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>AbstractDue to concern about the safety of components from plastic, it is crucial to screen for and identify potential extractables and leachables (E&amp;L) in pharmaceutical packaging and medical devices. For volatile, and semi-volatile compounds, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with electron ionization (EI) is typically used. Compounds are determined using scientific libraries; however, where compounds are not listed or where the sensitivity of EI-MS is not sufficient, the identification process becomes challenging.Here, we describe an E&amp;L screening experiment using gas chromatography and a quadrupole time of flight high-resolution mass spectrometer (QToF-HRMS) with atmospheric pressure gas chromatography (APGC) for soft ionization. A data independent acquisition (DIA) strategy is utilized to aid screening and elucidation which are combined in a screening software solution.Benefits<ul><li>GC-QToF MS with APGC as an orthogonal technique to LC-QToF-MS allows for comprehensive compound coverage with increased sensitivity compared to typical EI techniques</li><li>The UNIFI™ application within the waters_connect™ platform provides customized workflows to simplify screening and structural elucidation in complex datasets</li><li>The Xevo™ G3 QTof Mass Spectrometer enables confident identification of E&amp;L components in complex matrices through novel ion optics and detection system which maximize transmission</li><li>Soft ionization using the APGC™ source allows for the detection of molecular ions from which elemental compositions can be derived to aid compound identification and confirmation&nbsp;</li><li>MSE, a data independent acquisition, increases confidence in identifications when screening against a library and provides additional information to aid structural elucidation</li></ul>Conclusion&nbsp;When undertaking E&amp;L screening analyses it is important to use a range of analytical techniques to account for different compound chemistries. GC-QToF MS with APGC as an orthogonal technique to LC-QToF-MS allowed for comprehensive compound coverage with increased sensitivity compared to typical EI techniques. Due to the soft ionization of APGC, the intact molecular ion is often present in the spectra. This combined with a data independent acquisition, MSE mode, utilizes full spectral acquisition of the accurate mass information of both precursor and fragment ions.This approach boosts confidence in component identifications when screening against an MS/MS library, while minimizing false positives. For instance, in the LC-QToF-MS there were just under 40 potential compounds matches in sample E48 after considering factors such as retention time match, mass accuracy below 3 ppm, and the presence of at least one fragment ion. A further 38 compound matches in sample E48 were tentatively identified using GC-QToF MS with APGC, with mass accuracy below 3 ppm, and the presence of at least one fragment ion.MSE data also aids in the structural elucidation of unknown substances by utilizing accurate mass and corresponding fragment ions, facilitating comprehensive characterization. This data increases confidence in identifications of components and assists with structural elucidation of unknowns to ultimately aid full characterization. For example an unknown with protonated m/z 284.2703 was tentatively identified as a N-(2-(1-piperazinyl)ethyl)decanamide (mass error 2.33 ppm) by the software.For the extractables analysis of nasal sprays the UNIFI application within the waters_connect platform provided SST benchmarking, screening against a library, summary plots to identify trends, filtering of AET levels, binary compare mode to isolate relevant unknowns, and a Discovery Tool for elucidation of unknowns.<h4>4. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_voc_rubber_gasket_extracts_gc_msd_5994_7777en_agilent_6a0a6bf7d0.pdf">Analysis of Volatile Compounds Identified in Rubber Gasket Extracts Using GC/MSD and High-Resolution GC/Q-TOF</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>AbstractChemicals that are part of polymeric container closure systems (CCS) and drug delivery systems have the potential to migrate into drug products during manufacturing, storage, transport, and delivery, and must be identified in the final products to ensure their safety.This application note presents a rubber gasket extractables study using a unit mass resolution gas chromatography/mass selective detector (GC/MSD) and a high-resolution gas chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight (GC/Q-TOF) mass spectrometer to establish a process for identifying GC-amenable extractables and leachable (E&amp;L) compounds.IntroductionElastomeric gaskets, plungers, and O-rings are common sources of leachable compounds in the manufacturing, storage, and delivery of drug products. E&amp;Ls derived from elastomeric components may impact the stability and efficacy of small and large molecule drug products1, and therefore need to be characterized thoroughly. Exposure to some E&amp;L chemicals, such as phthalates and nitrosamines, even at low levels, may cause safety concerns.2 Chemicals derived from the elastomer manufacturing process typically include accelerators, activators, antioxidants, fillers, plasticizers (including phthalates), mold release agents, and other additives3 that may leach into the final product. Some additives present in elastomer packaging materials may also contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)4 and aliphatic hydrocarbons.GC/MS is a commonly used technique for analyzing volatile and semivolatile organic compounds in the E&amp;L space. This study demonstrates the capabilities of GC/MSD to identify GC-amenable compounds present in a solvent extract of a rubber gasket by leveraging chromatographic deconvolution in combination with retention index (RI)-based filtering. Adding a high-resolution accurate mass GC/Q-TOF into the E&amp;L workflow provided a higher number of identified chemicals. It also increased confidence in compound identification and enabled structure elucidation of unknown compounds.The study was performed in the Network Workstation configuration using Agilent OpenLab Electronic Content Management (ECM) XT as the data repository. This configuration enabled tools that facilitate compliance with various national and EU electronic record regulations, including audit trails, user authentication, role-based permission controls, and remote data storage.5ConclusionThe GC/MSD is an effective and accessible tool for the analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds in complex E&amp;L extracts. The established workflow includes deconvolution and an RI-based library search with the data acquisition performed in a compliant environment.The high-resolution Agilent 7250 GC/Q-TOF enabled the identification of additional components with increased confidence, as well as structure elucidation of the unknown compounds.Furthermore, using the novel ultra-low bleed Agilent J&amp;W DB-5Q GC column resulted in a significant decrease in background, which helps in the identification of late-eluting compounds.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 40, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 14th October 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring to you applications by Agilent Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and posters by Shimadzu and LECO!<h4>1. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/aoac_2024_9_m031_d1063f34df.pdf">Interlaboratory comparison study of two gas chromatography injection techniques viz. liquid and dynamic headspace for trace level quantification of Ethylene Oxide (EtO) and 2-Chloroethanol (2-CE) in ginger powder sample by using tandem mass spectrometry</a></h4><ul><li>Poster / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/292">AOAC</a></li></ul>PurposeEtO is one of the most widely produced chemicals worldwide. It is colorless, odorless, flammable gaseous cyclic ether with boiling point of 10.4°C. It has a very strong antibacterial property. Due to its small size, it shows a high diffusivity and strong penetrating properties and is thus very effective in the disinfestation / disinfection of food commodities. EtO is highly carcinogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic impurity for living being. The US National Institute of Health (NIH) classified EtO as “known to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans, including epidemiological studies and studies on mechanisms of carcinogenesis.” Considering carcinogenicity and no acceptable threshold for exposure, no Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) was established for EtO.2-CE, which is one of the prominent metabolite of EtO is also considered to be genotoxic and potentially carcinogenic. Given the inconclusive toxicological picture of 2-CE, it was decided by regulatory authorities to follow the precaution approach and consider 2-CE equally toxic to EtO. Hence it is very important to quantitate EtO and 2-CE in food matrices at trace levels. EU-MRLs (Maximum Residue Levels as per European Commission) for EtO and 2-CE are summarized in Table 1.Various methods have been presented in EURL-SRM-Analytical Observation Report for the analysis of EtO and 2-CE. The choice of the analytical approach depends on both the analytes and the matrix to be analyzed. So, it is important to have a detailed comparison study of different analytical approaches to ensure robustness, reliability and accuracy of the method for the quantification of EtO and 2-CE.This study covers the comparison between liquid injection technique and dynamic headspace injection technique using different extraction processes for ensuring highest extraction efficiencies. Incurred sample is used for this study.Conclusion<ul><li>In comparison between liquid and HS-Dynamic mode, it is evident that HS Dynamic has advantage in method optimization for accurate recoveries. Liquid extraction needs multiple trials to ensure complete extraction of analytes, majorly depending on matrix. Similarly, temperature and extraction time also plays a critical role</li><li>Quantification of EtO and 2-CE impurities in ginger powder sample was successfully performed by using Shimadzu GCMS-TQ8050 NX with AOC-20i/s and HS-20 NX dynamic headspace samplers</li><li>HS Dynamic requires less sample preparation, demonstrates high recovery due to closed system, high accuracy and easy method optimization</li></ul><h4>2. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_phosphine_cereals_spices_8697_headspace_8890_7010c_5994_7859en_agilent_c8f2d8fe74.pdf">Estimation of Hydrogen Phosphide (Phosphine) Residues in Cereals and Spices Using the Agilent 8697 Headspace Sampler and GC/MS/MS</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul><h5>Abstract</h5>This application note demonstrates the use of an Agilent 8890 GC system coupled with the Agilent 8697 headspace sampler and Agilent 7010 GC/TQ to detect and quantify hydrogen phosphide (phosphine) residues in rice and red chili powder. The sample was inserted into a headspace vial and Milli-Q water was added. The vial was crimped and loaded into the headspace sampler, followed by GC/MS/MS analysis. The limit of quantification of 5 ng/g was achieved in rice and red chili powder matrices. Average recoveries ranged from 80 to 110% in various recovery experiments.<h5>Introduction</h5>Fumigants are gases used for controlling pests in stored food products.1 Cereals are mainly disinfected by hydrogen phosphide (commonly known as phosphine) and liberated from stable salts such as zinc phosphide or aluminum phosphide.1 Phosphine is a colorless gas that is used as a fumigant worldwide because of its rapid diffusion and extreme volatility.1 Despite these desirable properties, trace amounts of phosphine may persist in foods several months after treatment and can cause severe health problems.1Due to its high volatility, phosphine is not amenable to club with common multiresidue methods for pesticide residue analysis in food. Thus, special single-residue methods must be applied.2 Previously, methods for the analysis of phosphine have been developed that highlight the use of the Tenax-filled inlet liner along with cryogenic cooling to preconcentrate the phosphine prior to chromatographic separation. These methods require heavy analytical configurations that include a liquid nitrogen handling system. In EU legislation, maximum residue limits for phosphine in foodstuffs range from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/kg, depending on the commodity (Commission Regulation (EC) No. 149/2008).2The method adopted in this application note demonstrates the use of the 8697 headspace sampler for sample introduction to the 8890 GC system coupled with the 7010 GC/TQ.&nbsp;Column configurationTo prevent single, loose particles of the PLOT column stationary phase from entering the ion source of the mass-sensitive detector (MSD), a restriction capillary (1 m × 0.15 mm) was inserted between the PLOT column and the MSD using a purged Ultimate union. This configuration also helps in column replacement without venting the mass spectrometer.<h5>Conclusion</h5>An accurate and rugged method was developed which meets the requirements of the European Union reference laboratory (EURL) for maximum residue limits of phosphine in foodstuffs. This ranges from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/kg, depending on the commodity (Commission Regulation (EC) No 149/2008) for the analysis of phosphine in rice and red chili powder. The LOQ of the method was demonstrated at 5 ng/g for all tested matrices. Repeatable results were found for four successive replicates of matrix-based standards at 20 ng/g concentration levels. Excellent recoveries were obtained in all tested matrices at 10 ng/g spiked concentration levels. Thus, this study demonstrates the usefulness of the developed method for routine analysis of food samples for phosphine analysis at trace levels.<h4>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003105_gc_ms_tsq_9610_dioxins_furan_feed_an003105_na_en_26c691ad68.pdf">Trace analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/ dibenzofurans using GC-MS/MS in accordance with EU Regulations 2017/644 and 2017/771 for food and feed</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>GoalTo demonstrate the suitability of the Thermo Scientific™ TSQ™ 9610 triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS system with Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon™ Chromatography Data System (CDS) software for the routine and regulatory compliance testing of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) in food and feed samples in accordance with Commission Regulations (EU) 2017/644 and 2017/771.IntroductionPolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), or dioxins as they are commonly referred to, are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) under the Stockholm Convention. Due to their chemical stability and high fat solubility, these chemicals can accumulate within food chains and pose exposure/health risks to humans through consumption of food items (i.e., diary, meat, and fish). Regulations are in place to monitor food and feed for the presence of dioxins to protect the population.1 Current maximum levels allowable for PCDD/Fs in food and feedstuffs are at the pg·g-1 concentration range due to the toxicity risk they pose.2,3 However, the European Commission has announced plans to lower the current maximum levels in certain feedstuffs in 2024 based an updated risk assessment.4 As of 2014, a change of EU regulations permitted the use of gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for the analysis of food and feed as an alternative to GC–high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS).5,6 With the proposed lowering of some maximum levels, performance of current instrumentation to achieve these targeted limits must be assessed.Achieving these targeted limits places further stress on laboratories in maintaining consistent sensitivity to detect the trace levels of dioxins in difficult food matrices. Another challenge for analysts is the time-consuming data assessment based on regulatory requirements for PCDD/F analysis. Often the necessary tools for PCDD/F quantification (i.e., isotopic dilution quantification) and reporting of regulatory requirements (ion ratio, calibration, and response factor deviation)7,8 do not exist within a single software. This requires analysts to export to external packages (i.e., Microsoft™ Excel™ ) to perform critical calculations leading to transcription errors and added time for reporting. In addition, laboratories must ensure they produce consistent data throughout the analytical run to avoid reanalysis or re-extraction when sample/extract material is limited.In this analysis, the performance of the TSQ 9610 triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS system equipped with the Thermo Scientific™ NeverVent™ advanced electron ionization (AEI) source was used to demonstrate compliance for regulatory limits for PCDD/F in food and feed samples in accordance with EU Regulations. Food and feed samples were provided by the European Union Reference Laboratory for halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants in feed and food (EURL POPs) (Germany) and Wageningen Food Safety Research, in their capacity as National Reference Laboratory for POPs (NRL POPs, The Netherlands). These samples contained known trace levels of dioxins previously confirmed at the respective institutes or in international proficiency tests. The aim of this analysis was to ensure results were consistent with the previously determined concentrations in food and feed matrices and meet current compliance with the EU regulations.ConclusionThe results of these comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the TSQ 9610GC-MS/MS system, configured with the NeverVent AEI source and controlled using Chromeleon CDS software together with the Dioxin Analyzer eWorkflow, can deliver reliable regulatory-compliant performance for the quantification and confirmation of PCDD/Fs food and feedstuffs:<ul><li>Femtogram level sensitivity performance for ultra trace level determination of PCDD/F within food and feed samples.</li><li>Check standard performance was within quantitation and ion ratio thresholds for regulatory method compliance at femtogram levels.</li><li>Accurate and precise quantitation at maximum levels and action thresholds for PCDD/F in food and feed.</li><li>Chromeleon CDS software, version 7.3, provides an integrated platform, with the ability to automatically setup, easily acquire, process and report compliant data in a fully regulated environment, eliminating the need for using external spreadsheet programs.</li><li>Chromeleon eWorkflows, available from Thermo Fisher Scientific also provide error-free execution of each analysis to meet standard operating procedure (SOP) requirements, further simplifying the user experience.</li></ul><h4>4. LECO: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Basil_Comparison_GC_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_LHF_MDCW_24_LPSS_315_Joe_Binkley_4223f2122d/Basil_Comparison_GC_GCxGC_TOFMS_LHF_MDCW24_LPSS-315-Joe-Binkley.pdf">Characterization and Comparison of Basil Before and After Drying Using GC, GCxGC, and TOFMS</a></h4><ul><li>Poster</li></ul>INTRODUCTIONGC and MS are well-established techniques for the characterization of food, beverage, and flavor samples. Extending the analytical separation to two dimensions with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) enhances the peak capacity, allows for exploring more complex samples, and allows for determining more individual analytes within complex samples. TOFMS adds to these benefits and often leads to the identification for these isolated analytes, supporting non-target analyses where analytes of interest and importance can be determined through data evaluation. When coupled together, the benefits are often greater than the sum of the individual techniques.Software tools that compare sets of GCxGC samples facilitate these analyses and can effectively reveal useful information from the rich data. In this work, we evaluate the aroma characteristics for basil before and after drying. This type of characterization can be useful for quality control, product development, and batch comparisons, as well as understanding the sensory profile changes associated with curing.CONCLUSIONSIn this work, LECO’s TGM800 was used to determine the moisture level of fresh and cured basil samples and LECO’s Pegasus BT4D GCxGC-TOFMS with ChromaTOF Tile were used to highlight differences between the chemicals which contribute to the sensory profiles of fresh and cured basil. This provided a better understanding of the aroma characteristics of these samples. Many differences were observed between the samples and the analytical tools used in this work were crucial for their determination.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 42, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 18th November 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications and posters by Agilent Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Metrohm, and Shimadzu!<h4>1. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/5991_9356_EN_590f86441b.pdf">Determination of Carbonate Solvents and Additives in Lithium Battery Electrolyte Using the Agilent 5977B GC/MSD</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>AbstractThis application note describes a method for determining carbonate solvents and additives in lithium battery electrolyte using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=5977B">Agilent 5977B</a> single quadrupole gas chromatography/mass selective detector (GC/MSD). In this method, direct liquid injection is adopted. At a split ratio of 20:1, the target compounds achieved good linearity in a concentration range of 10–500 mg/L. This method has excellent reproducibility, and the instrument detection limits (IDL) for all of the 15 target compounds analyzed were below 1.3 mg/L. During the analysis of the actual electrolyte samples, diluted injection can be used to accurately quantify the target compounds and qualitatively identify unknown additives or impurities.IntroductionLithium battery electrolyte is the carrier of ion transport in a lithium battery, which is generally composed of lithium salt and organic solvent. In the electrolyte, the commonly used lithium salt is LiPF6 , and the solvent is a binary, ternary, or multinary system composed of a mixture of cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates. Selecting the right organic electrolyte is the key to achieving a higher energy density, a longer cycle life, and greater battery safety. Lithium battery manufacturers also add specific additives to extend battery life. Therefore, studies on the composition of lithium battery electrolyte play an important role in the development of new lithium batteries.GC/MS analysis is commonly used in the studies on lithium battery electrolyte, and can accurately and quantitatively analyze the major components of the organic solvent in the electrolyte. Meanwhile, the strong qualitative capacity of mass spectrometry can also qualitatively identify and analyze unknown additives and impurities.This application note describes the method for determining carbonate and carboxylate solvents and additives in lithium battery electrolyte using the 5977B GC/MSD. In regard to the fact that LiPF6 , the main component of the electrolyte, is unstable and can easily decompose, diluted injection was adopted, which ensured good sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility.ConclusionIn this application note, a method for analyzing carbonate solvents and additives in lithium battery electrolyte was developed with an Agilent 7890 GC and Agilent 5977B GC/MSD. The method is easy to use, and can achieve great separation, a wide linear range, and excellent reproducibility and sensitivity for various components in the electrolyte, making it very suitable for qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic solvents, additives, and impurities in lithium battery electrolyte.<h4>2. Shimadzu / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/292">AOAC</a>: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Th_P264_ASMS_poster_pesticide_GC_MSMS_beb4879814.pdf">Simultaneous Analysis of Pesticides in Food With GC-MS/MS Using Hydrogen Carrier Gas</a></h4><ul><li>Poster / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Th_P264_ASMS_poster_pesticide_GC_MSMS_beb4879814.pdf">AOAC</a></li></ul>IntroductionIn GC-MS/MS analysis, helium gas is generally used as the carrier gas; however, in recent years the shortage of supply and the soaring price of helium gas have resulted in a need to pivot to other options. To address this problem, hydrogen gas is being used as an alternative carrier gas. The characteristics of hydrogen gas are different from those of helium gas, however, and methods using helium gas must be adjusted to appropriate conditions for hydrogen gas. We have developed a quantitative analysis method for 216 pesticides with GC-MS/MS using hydrogen gas. Using this method, good recovery results were obtained in food samples.ConclusionsUsing hydrogen gas as an alternative carrier gas, we simultaneously analyzed 216 food-borne agrochemicals using an ultra-sensitive triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=GCMS-TQ8050+NX">GCMS-TQ8050 NX</a> combined with AOC-30i and AOC-20s U as injectors.Good recovery rate within 70 ~ 120% were obtained for 70% to 74% of the compounds. This system enables simultaneous analysis of multiple pesticides with high sensitivity and accuracy.<h4>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/170">RAFA</a>: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/PFAS_analysis_strategy_story_direct_injection_DLLME_LC_MS_MS_LC_Orbitrap_GC_Orbitrap_7592743c1a.pdf">PFAS analysis strategy story – direct injection, DLLME, LC-MS/MS, LC- Orbitrap / GC-Orbitrap</a></h4><ul><li>Poster / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/170">RAFA</a></li></ul><h5>Abstract</h5>Purpose: This work summarizes key components of PFAS analysis. The choice between direct injection and automated sample preparation depends on the instrument's dynamic range, detection limits, and matrix complexity. Complex matrices like waste/industrial water, soil, food, and biological samples require specific preparation techniques to mitigate matrix effects and ensure accurate quantification. Techniques such as Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) can significantly improve concentration factors and reduce matrix interference, enhancing overall method performance. Additionally, the choice of the analyzer is a critical consideration.Methods: Direct injection of water sample was performed on Thermo Scientific TSQ Altis Plus triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. For those sample prepared with automated dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), acquisition was performed on a Thermo Scientific <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=2&amp;search=Orbitrap+Exploris+MX">Orbitrap Exploris MX</a> high resolution mass spectrometer.Results: The methods presented achieves high-level sensitivity for PFAS analysis in drinking water, detecting compounds in the low ng/L range. Using DLLME, 56 PFAS compounds were quantified to low part per trillion levels from just 15 mL of sample. With a FAPAS®-Drinking Water proficiency test, we validated the three strategies for PFAS analysis: direct injection on TSQ Altis Plus and the DLLME extract injected on both Orbitrap Exploris MX and Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris GC.<h5>Conclusions</h5><ul><li>Compared to traditional SPE workflows, direct injection improves sample throughput in laboratories by significantly reducing the required sample preparation.</li><li>The DLLME method is a promising technique for extracting and pre-concentrating PFAS from drinking water and various other matrices. Its reduced sample volume facilitates easier handling, transportation, and storage.</li><li>Both methods lower costs and environmental impact due to minimal solvent usage and the elimination of filters or SPE cartridges.</li><li>The ease of use and robustness of both LCMS methods are based on fixed configuration including SOP with detailed hardware and consumables, a complete acquisition and processing method with customized view settings and reports, and all data handling performed with Chromeleon CDS 7.3.2.</li></ul><h4>4. Metrohm: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_121_download_0bb1185dc9.pdf">Water content in propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME)</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul><h5>Water determination possible within seconds using NIRS</h5>Propylene glycol monomethyl ether (1-methoxy-2-propanol, or PGME) is one of many glycol ether solvents with a wide variety of applications. It is used as an intermediate and in formulations for industrial, professional, or consumer applications, mainly in surface coatings, inks for printing, cleaning solutions, deicing/anti-icing formulations, and agrochemical purposes. It is also used as an extractant and as a coalescing agent and flow improver in water-based paints.Water in propylene glycol methyl ether is usually measured by Karl Fischer (KF) titration which requires chemicals and takes about five minutes per determination. This Application Note describes how near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used as a faster and more cost-efficient alternative for water determination in PGME.CONCLUSIONThis Application Note demonstrates the feasibility to determine a key parameter for the quality control of propylene glycol monomethyl ether (water content) with NIR spectroscopy. The main advantages of NIR spectroscopy over wet chemical methods are that running costs are significantly lower and time-to-result is significantly reduced. Additionally, no chemicals are required, and the technique is non-destructive to samples.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 47, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 25th November 2024? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications and other documents by Agilent Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Shimadzu, and a poster from Analytica by LECO!<h4>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/AN_003378_Determination_of_sulfur_containing_compounds_formaldehyde_and_organic_halides_in_hydrogen_37d3ef50c9.pdf">Determination of sulfur-containing compounds, formaldehyde, and organic halides in hydrogen for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>GoalThe goal of this application note is to demonstrate a suitable analytical method that can be applied for the determination of sulfur-containing compounds, formaldehyde, and organic halides in hydrogen used for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles in compliance with the Chinese regulation (GB/T 37244-2018) by using thermal desorption coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD).IntroductionThe past energy crisis and global warming led researchers to find alternative cleaner and emission-free energy sources. Hydrogen has been identified as a very promising energy carrier or fuel due to its exceptional energy per mass content. The proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has garnered considerable attention and represents a breakthrough technology for automotive applications due to its capability to convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity with only water as a by-product. Studies have shown that impurities such as CO, CO2, NH3, formaldehyde, halogenated compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds in hydrogen can cause serious damage to the performance of PEMFC by reducing its service life. Therefore, an accurate assessment of hydrogen purity is extremely important. This application note is focused on the determination of sulfur-containing compounds, formaldehyde, and organic halide impurities in hydrogen gas.ConclusionThe results obtained in this study demonstrated that the Markes UNITY–CIA Advantage-xr pre-concentrator combined with the TRACE 1610 GC equipped with the SCD detector and connected to an ISQ 7610 single quadrupole mass spectrometer provides a highly performing solution for selective and sensitive analysis of some critical hydrogen impurities in compliance with the requirements of the Chinese regulation.<ul><li>R2 values were ≥ 0.995 for all the investigated compounds with linear ranges from 0.1 to 10 nmol/mol for sulfur-containing compounds, from 1 to 400 nmol/mol for formaldehyde, and from 1 to 100 nmol/mol for organic halides, with RSD of response factors well below the acceptance limit of 30%.</li><li>LODs calculated as 3.143 × S0 resulted close to 0.01 nmol/mol for sulfur-containing compounds, 0.04 nmol/mol for formaldehyde, and between 0.06 and 0.095 nmol/mol for organic halides.</li><li>Peak area repeatability was &lt;12% for all the target analytes.</li></ul><h4>2. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00745_en_c333797ed9.pdf">Analysis of Diethylene Glycol in Glycerin Using Brevis GC-2050</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>User Benefits<ul><li>The compact Brevis GC-2050 allows for high-throughput analysis by increasing the number of operational units in the lab.</li><li>Despite its small size, the Brevis GC-2050 achieves uncompromised analytical performance, enabling the analysis of concentrated glycerin in compliance with pharmacopeial standards.</li></ul>IntroductionIn response to the issue of contamination in pharmaceuticals and toothpaste with diethylene glycol, certain parts of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia were revised through Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Notification No. 32 (February 21, 2008). In Application News G259 “Analysis of Diethylene Glycol in Glycerin,” a measurement example conforming to the pharmacopoeial requirements is introduced using GC-2010. While each country has its own official methods, this application conducted measurements on a Brevis GC-2050 under conditions where the Split/Splitless injection unit (SPL) temperature was set higher, taking into consideration that the sample component has a high boiling point, with reference to the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.ConclusionA sample was prepared for the analysis of concentrated glycerin as described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, and the analysis was conducted by the condition specified in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Good separation and reproducibility were confirmed.<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ebook_gcms_faq_5994_7643en_agilent_d81a1e0189.pdf">GC and GC/MS Frequently Asked Questions</a></h4><ul><li>Guide</li></ul>Table of ContentsIn this eBook, you’ll find answers to the questions that Agilent technical experts hear most often from our GC and GC/MS customers. To instantly access the information you need, click the following links or use the navigation tabs at the bottom of each page.General Knowledge<ul><li>How does chromatography work?</li><li>Why is GC column polarity important?</li><li>What is the significance of GC column dimensions?</li><li>What are the basic principles and mechanisms of GC/MS?</li><li>How do chemical and electron impact ionization differ?</li><li>What is the difference between standard, mass spec, and Ultra Inert columns?</li><li>What is headspace and how does it work?</li><li>What is the difference between split and splitless?</li><li>How do I choose the right carrier gas for my detector?</li><li>What should I consider when using hydrogen as an alternate to helium carrier gas?</li><li>How does the Agilent HydroInert source preserve spectral fidelity with hydrogen carrier gas?</li><li>What solvent is best for liquid injection on GC/MS?</li></ul>Maintenance<ul><li>How often should I change columns?</li><li>How often should I change liners?</li><li>How do I check for leaks?</li><li>When should I replace the filaments?</li><li>Can preslit vial cap septa prevent septa leakage into the inlet or sample?</li><li>I use the MS with complex matrices every day. Should I tune daily or weekly?</li><li>What chemicals should I use to perform a standard instrument check?</li><li>When replacing and conditioning a column, should I install it into the MS?</li><li>How does JetClean maximize instrument uptime and productivity?</li><li>How do I prevent loss of column efficiency and resolution?</li></ul>Method Development and Optimization<ul><li>How do I develop methods in MRM/SRM mode?</li><li>How do I select an internal standard (ISTD) for my GC/MS analysis?</li><li>How do I select the right MSD for my sample or analytical requirements?</li><li>How do I choose the right mass spectrometer?</li><li>What are the rules of thumb for choosing an inlet liner?</li><li>What is a good approach for analyzing unknown compounds?</li><li>Can I quantify GC/MS results in either scan or SIM mode?</li></ul>Troubleshooting<ul><li>How do I improve peak shape?</li><li>How do I improve resolution?</li><li>How do I improve signal-to-noise levels?</li><li>What causes spiking and how do I avoid it?</li><li>What can cause a negative peak in GC/MS?</li><li>Where do ghost peaks come from?</li><li>What can cause split peaks, peak tailing, and drifting baselines?</li><li>Why is water difficult to observe in GC and how can it be quantified using GC?</li><li>How do I determine the source of contamination within my chromatograph?</li></ul><h4>4. LECO / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/295">Analytica</a>: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Cannabis_Characterization_BT_G_Cx_GC_SA_CK_ANALYTIKA_SA_24_LPSS_317_edc6c55493.pdf">Cannabis Characterization Using GC and GCxGC with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry</a></h4><ul><li>Poster (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/companies/295">Analytica</a>)</li></ul>Cannabis is a complex plant containing a variety of naturally occurring organic compounds in a wide range of concentrations, as well as xenobiotics (i.e., polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, etc.). Among these constituents, the cannabinoids, terpenes, and terpenoids are commonly recognized for their therapeutic properties. This plant has two main subspecies—Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa—that can be differentiated by their different physical characteristics. Indica-dominant strains are short plants with broad, dark green leaves and have higher cannabidiol content than the sativa plants in which THC content is higher. Sativa-dominant strains are usually taller and have thin leaves with a pale green colour.The legalization of this drug has also led to an increasing amount of consumer products being infused with CBD, marketed and sold for medicinal and recreational purposes. Thus, it is imperative that we are able to determine its total composition as this is important in determining potency and medical effectiveness (Entourage Effect). In this study, we use GC with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (TOF-MS) to assist in the determination of its risks and benefits. This powerful tool provides chromatographic separation with high-quality deconvoluted mass spectral data allowing for comprehensive analysis, identification, and quantification of targeted and non-targeted analytes.ConclusionGCxGC-TOFMS facilitates compound identification, Library searches, and Mass ∆ calculations. Data was used to develop maps for quantitative analysis, cannabis classification, and sample comparison. Cannabis comparison via statistical processing was performed using ChromaTOF Tile (based on Fisher ratios) and could also perform PCA analysis.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 48, 2024

Article

Product

Events

Webinars

Application

Academy

Video

Poster

Scientists

Plastics

Environment

Food

Water

Health

Presentation

Scientific article

Interview

Toxicology

Popularization

Science and research

Software

Covid-19

Career

Laboratories

Various

Zaměření

Type of News

Focus

Everything from the world of analytical chemistry in one place. We connect people in solving their problems. At Labrulez you will find all the necessary information easily, quickly and clearly. Stop searching and start finding.

LabRulez

16th Multidimensional Chromatography Workshop (MDCW)

Sample Preparation Seminar

ISC 2026 - the 35th International Symposium on Chromatography

PFAS: Navigating regulations, challenges, risk management and testing in the food supply chain

Power List Perspectives on The Future of Analytical Science

Raw Material Identification in Pharmaceutical Application