In the week from January 25, 2021, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies: A comprehensive update on new Smart, Connected Gas Chromatography (GC) and GC/MS portfolio - Agilent Smart GC Portfolio - Session one</h5>
We are delighted to invite you to two webinars discussing Agilent’s GC &amp; GC/MS portfolio, capabilities, solutions and workflows.
In Session one we will cover: <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/5">Agilent 8860 GC</a>, <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/1">Agilent 8890 GC</a>, <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/7">Agilent 990 Micro GC</a>, <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/6">Agilent Intuvo 9000 GC</a>, Smart GC.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: A comprehensive update on new Smart, Connected Gas Chromatography (GC) and GC/MS portfolio - Agilent GCMSD Portfolio - Session two</h5>
We are delighted to invite you to two webinars discussing Agilent’s GC &amp; GC/MS portfolio, capabilities, solutions and workflows.
In Session one we will cover: <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/2">Agilent 5977B GC/MSD</a>, <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/117">Agilent 7000 Series GC/MS/MS</a>, <a href="https://gcms.cz/products/116">Agilent 7250 GC/Q-TOF MS</a>, <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=jetclean&amp;mainauthorItems=10">Agilent Jetclean</a> self-cleaning ion source, Agilent Capillary Flow Technology (CFT), Agilent <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?search=rtl&amp;mainauthorItems=10">Retention Time Locking</a> (RTL).
<h5>3. Agilent Technologies: Stop the Bleed! Tips and Tricks on GC Column Bleed</h5>
Join us in this webinar as we distinguish between abnormal and normal bleed of chromatographic column as well share some tips and tricks to control your column bleed.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 4

Gas chromatography is a very important analytical technique used for the determination of flavors which content is significant not only for monitoring of quality of final product but also in testing of new technological procedures. In brewing analytics the most frequently used gas chromatographic detectors are flame ionization detector (FID), electron capture detector (ECD), and flame photometric detector (FPD). This work is focused on principles of these detectors, their advantages and limitations during using in brewing analytics. Gas chromatography is a very important analytical technique used for the determination of flavors which content is significant not only for monitoring of quality of final product but also in testing of new technological procedures. In brewing analytics the most frequently used gas chromatographic detectors are flame ionization detector (FID), electron capture detector (ECD), and flame photometric detector (FPD). This work is focused on principles of these detectors, their advantages and limitations during using in brewing analytics.
<h3>1 INTRODUCTION</h3>
Official methods of brewery institutions as European Brewery Convention (EBC), Mitteleuropäische Brautechnische Analysenkommission (MEBAK), The Institute of Brewing (IOB) or The American Society of Brewing Chemists (ASBC) include gas chromatographic procedures used for the determination of beer flavors. Beer flavors or some contaminants can be determined by this separation procedure as in intermediate products as in final beer. The review of these compounds including used detector is shown in Tab. 1.
<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/556a0c31a9b345bab673116d42d5e72b/obrazek.png" alt="Tab. 1 List of compounds determined by gas chromatography in brewing analytics according to detector type"/>
Flame ionization detector (FID) is the most useful gas chromatographic (GC) detector available and by far that most commonly used in GC analyses. In comparison with FID electron capture detector (ECD) and flame photometric detector (FPD) are characterized by higher sensitivity and higher selectivity for selected analytes and so these detectors are also often used.
A detector that can selectively respond to compounds of real inte - rest in a mixture and ignore those compounds of little interest is potentially able to improve efficiency by two ways. Firstly the amount of sample clean-up required to remove unwanted and interfering compounds from the sample, may be reduced thereby simplifying preanalysis sample handling. Secondly, analysis time on the chromatograph may be shortened since it may no longer be necessary to achieve complete separation of all components in the mixture. 
It is for these two reasons that the selective detectors are the most frequently used ones. However, while selective detectors can provide undoubted benefits, their use can cause other problems, particularly when their mode of operation is not fully understood or their capabilities not fully utilized.
In this paper the principles of above mentioned detectors are described together with their utilization in brewing analytics.
<h3>2 THE FLAME IONIZATION DETECTOR (FID)</h3>
The flame ionization detector FID has a very wide dynamic range, a high sensitivity and (with the exception of a few low molecular weight compounds) will detect all substances that contain carbon. The first FID was described about the same time by Harley and Pretorious (25), and McWilliams and Dewer (26). Hydrogen is mixed with the column eluent and burned at a small jet. Surrounding the flame is a cylindrical electrode and a relatively high voltage is applied between the jet and the electrode to collect the ions that are formed in the flame. The resulting current is amplified by a high impedance amplifier and the output fed to a data acquisition system or a potentiometric recorder. The detector usually requires three separate gas supplies together with their precision flow regulators. The gases normally used are hydrogen for combustion, helium or nitrogen as the carrier gas and oxygen or air as the combustion agent. The detector is normally thermostatted in a separate oven; this is not because the response of the FID is particularly temperature sensitive but to ensure that no solutes condense in the connecting tubes.
<h5>2.1 The response mechanism of the FID</h5>
The ionizing mechanism of the FID was carefully examined by Ongkiehong (27) and Desty (28) in 1960 and it would appear no such detailed evaluation of the detector has been carried out since. The ionization mechanism in the FID flame was originally thought to be similar to the ionization process in a hydrocarbon flame which was studied intensively by Calcote and King (29) and Schuler and Weber (30) in the mid–1950s. The present generally accepted explanation is that ions are not formed by thermal ionization but by thermal emission from microscopic carbon particles that are formed during the combustion process. Consequently the dominating factor in the ionization of organic material is not their ionization potential but the work function of the carbon that is transiently formed during their combustion.
The flame plasma contains both positive ions and electrons which are collected on either the jet or the plate depending on the polarity of the applied voltage. Initially, the current increases with applied voltage, the magnitude of which depends on the electrode spacing. The current continues to increase with the applied voltage and eventually reaches a plateau at which the current remains sensibly constant. The voltage at which this plateau is reached also depends on the electrode distances. Once electron/ion pair production is initiated the recombination starts to take place. The longer the ions take to reach the electrode the more recombination takes place. Thus, the greater the distance between the electrodes and/or the lower the voltage, the greater the recombination. This is substantiated by the curves obtained by Ongkiehong: the plateau is reached at a lower voltage when the electrodes are closer together. It is seen that the plateau level is the same for both electrode conditions and it is assumed that on the plateau, all ions and electrons being produced in the flame are collected. In practice the applied voltage would be adjusted to suit the electrode distance to ensure that the detector operates under conditions where all electrons and ions are collected.
<h5>2.2 The operation of the FID</h5>
The FID is probably the simplest, easiest and most reliable detector to operate. Generally the appropriate flow rates for the different gases are given in the detector manual. Hydrogen flows usually range between 20 and 30 ml per min, air flows are about 6 times the hydrogen flow e.g. 120 to 200 ml per min. The capillary column flow rate may be less than 1 ml per min for very small diameter columns. The mobile phase can be any inert gas–helium, nitrogen, argon etc. To some extent the detector is self-cleaning and rarely becomes fouled. However, this depends a little on the substances being analyzed. In case of brewing and malting analyses the possibility of contamination of FID is minimized.
<h3>3 THE ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTOR (ECD)</h3>
The electron capture detector ECD utilizes the fundamental observation that the conductivity of gases in an ionization chamber can be drastically altered by the presence or absence of contamination in the gas. Thus the ECD consists of an ionization chamber containing a radioactive source, usually nickel – 63 (characterized by long lifetime and temperature stability up to 450 °C), with a stream of inert gas usually nitrogen, flowing through it. The β-ray emanation from the source causes ionization of the inert gas with a consequent liberation of free electrons. This may be written simple as (1):
(1) N₂ + β-ray ↔ N₂⁺ + e⁻
The ionization chamber is connected to a low voltage potential and a current measuring device. The applied potential causes the liberated electrons to migrate to the anode where collection occurs and a current flow is established. By careful adjustment of the applied potential, an equilibrium can be established whereby the electrons produce in the ionizing process are all collected at the anode. This can be achieved because the mobility of the free electrons is greater than that of the positive ions and hence free electrons migrate to the anode before recombination can occur.
Therefore, in the steady state a constant current known as the standing current, can be measured flowing in the chamber. The area between the source and the anode where electron liberation is occurring is known as the plasma region. If an electrophilic compound is now introduced to the chamber, a reaction will occur between this compound and the free electrons as follows (2,3):
(2) e⁻ + AB ↔ AB⁻ non-dissociative (3) e⁻ + AB ↔ A⁰ + B⁻ dissociative
As a result of these reactions, the fast moving electrons are replaced by slow moving negative ions. These slow negative ions take longer to migrate to anode and so have a higher probability of recombination with positive ions before reaching the anode than the electrons. Thus the nett results of introducing an electrophilic compound will be a decrease in the amount of current flow measured in the chamber.
The free electrons may in fact be moving so fast to the anode after their production that these necessary collisions and reactions do not have time to occur before the electron reaches the anode. So it is necessary to slow down the free electrons. The make-up gas, usually nitrogen, is used for this. The mobility of electrons is reduced by nonelastic collisions with the electrons (31).
<h5>3.1 Effect of temperature</h5>
The reaction between the sample molecule and free electros can be of two types – dissociative and non-dissociative (see equation 2,3). The dissociative reaction requires considerable energy for the dissociation of the sample molecule to occur during the reaction. An increase of detector temperature will effectively increase the energy of both the sample molecule and the electron and so will increase the ease of the dissociative reaction. The non-dissociative reaction, however, results in an increase of the energy of the sample molecule which has to be dispersed before a stable complex can be formed. An increase of detector temperature in this case would result in less chance of a non-dissociative reaction occurring. 
Very simply then, the detector temperature can influence the sensitivity of the detector. For non-dissociative reactions, as low a detector temperature as possible, as is compatible with column temperature, should be used. For dissociative reactions, the higher the detector temperature the greater its sensitivity.
The type of reaction involved can be easily identified by injection of the sample at different detector temperatures. A decision can then be taken on the two responses as to whether the detector should be operated at a low or high temperature.
The determination of vicinal diketones (diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione) and chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in beer are examples of these two different principles. Fig. 1 shows the effect of increasing temperature on the response of those two groups of compounds. During vicinal diketones analyse non-dissociative reactions take part and the lowest ECD temperature is recommended. While in aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons determination dissociative reactions are of use. The results were obtained in our laboratory using Thermo Scientific Trace Ultra gas chromatograph.
<h5>3.2 Practical notes</h5>
For high degree of sensitivity and selectivity of electron capture detector the following points should be noted and adhered to:
Always keep the detector temperature well above that of the column to prevent condensation of sample and/or stationary phase in the detector. Use small-sized samples of not more than 1 nanogram of strongly electron capturing material. The detector is so sensitive to these compounds that they will overload and saturate the detector even for several hours.
Always maintain a high total flow through the detector (usually not less than 40–50 ml/min) to ensure that all dead volumes are swept out.
Never use columns at or above the maximum temperature that is recommended for the stationary phase in the column. Because of the great sensitivity of the electron capture detector, small amounts of stationary phase bleed will cause a loss of standing current with a consequent loss of sensitivity. Moreover, any bleed from the column is not combusted, as on the flame ionization detector, and will tent to condense in the ECD.
A loss of standing current which is noticed after each injection indicates that contamination of the detector by compounds in the sample is occurring. If this is experienced, it is advisable to clean the detector regularly overnight by purging at an elevated temperature until the original standing currents are recovered. 
Many types of solvent can be electron capturing (e.g. acetone, alcohol, ether and any chlorinated solvent). Even small injections of these solvents will eventually saturate the ECD.
Since carrier gas and make-up gas is continually passing through the detector, any contamination in these gases will quickly build-up in the detector thereby reducing the detector standing current. It is necessary, therefore, to ensure that gases used with the ECD are quite clean. This can be achieved by using gases in ECD quality or by cleaning gases through special filters.
<h3>4 THE FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTOR (FPD)</h3>
The flame photometric detector (FPD) was described by Grant (32) in 1958. The fundamental principle of the flame photometric detector is based on specific emission of light during combustion processes. This detector is used for the detection of sulphur and phosphorus compounds.
The end of the capillary column is led into the flame jet where the column eluent mixes with the hydrogen flow and is burnt. The jet and the actual flame is shielded to prevent light from the flame itself falling directly on to the photo-multiplier. The base of the jet is heated to prevent vapor condensation. The light emitted above the flame, first passes through two heat filters and then through the wavelength selector filter and finally on to the photo-multiplier. Under the correct conditions, the combustion of phosphorus and sulphur compounds produces two species, HPO and S₂, which give off characteristic emissions at 526 and 394 nm wavelengths respectively. The response of the detector to sulfur is fairly insensitive to changes in hydrogen flow rate. However, the response to phosphorus compounds shows a maximum at a particular hydrogen flow rate, the magnitude of which varies with the air flow.
<h5>4.1 Non linear response</h5>
The largest number of user problems with the flame photometric detector is caused by the square law dependence of the detector when used in the sulphur mode. This effect shows itself during changes in retention time in the detection of very small amounts of analytes. In linear detector a change in retention time will cause a decrease in peak height and hence a decrease in the limit of detection. With a square law detector this effect is exaggerated and in trace determination the peak could disappear into the general noise level.
From this reason it is important to pay attention to factors influenced detector’s noise. Excessive flame noise can be usually caused by not running the flame at the recommended gas flow rates, by using contaminated gas or by column bleeding caused by operating the column at a too high temperature. Another source of excess noise could be the photomultiplier tube because it is susceptible to water condensation. This problem could appear when temperature varies over a large range or when the flame is not alight. It is to be expected, therefore, that on startup from cold, the noise may be rather more than normal. In a short time, however, the condensation would clear and the noise decrease (31).
<h3>5 CONCLUSIONS</h3>
Developments of gas chromatography are now relatively slow. In the detector sector different types of special mass detector are extended because the prices of these units depreciate and so these equipments are easily available. Nevertheless the detectors FID, ECD and FPD are always wide-spread and for routine brewing and malting analyses are fully sufficient.

Main gas chromatographic detectors used in brewing analytics

In the week from December 7, 2020, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
1. Restek Corporation: Tips and Tricks for Handling Reference Standards
2. Separation Science/Merck: Overview of Air Sampling Techniques for Environmental Contaminants
3. LCGC/Agilent Technologies: Regulatory Requirements and Analytical Strategies to Analyze Extractables and Leachables
4. Separation Science/Agilent Technologies: Advancements and Key Parameters for EPA 8260 and EPA 524.2 using GC/MS with Purge and Trap
5. LCGC/JEOL: Solving Problems with GC, Direct Sample Introduction, and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
6. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Increased confidence in peptide identification and quantification using Thermo Scientific Proteome Discoverer 2.5 software and INFERYS Rescoring
7. PerkinElmer: Eliminate Extractions and Simplify Sample Prep with SPME
8. LCGC/Agilent Technologies: Successfully Restarting Lab Operations: GC &amp; GC/MS
In the week from December 14, 2020, another <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">7 webinars</a> are waiting for you in the field of GC and GCMS.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 50

In the week from December 14, 2020, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
1. Agilent Technologies: Laboratory Workflow Solutions: What to expect when you’re away from the lab?
2. Agilent Technologies: OpenLab CDS Introductory Demonstration
3. Restek Corporation: Trace sulfur analysis in hydrocarbon streams
4. Technology Networks/Agilent Technologies: Debunked: The Truths Behind Pesticide Testing
5. Agilent Technologies: New GC Column Technology for Old Problems in Fatty Acid Analysis
6. Agilent Technologies: Seminar 1 – OpenLab CDS - The Control Panel and Data Acquisition
7. Separation Science/Markes International: Passive Sampling and Its Pivotal Role in ʹGreenerʹ Sampling of VOCs

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 51

In the week from December 21 until the end of the year 2020, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
1. Agilent Technologies: Seminar 2 – OpenLab CDS – Data Analysis
2. Agilent Technologies: Seminar 3 – OpenLab CDS – Custom Calculator and Reporting

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 52

See the latest trends in analyzes associated with the analysis of environmental samples using gas chromatographs (GC), headspace autosamplers (HS), thermal desorption (TD), Purge &amp; Trap (P&amp;T), GC/MS, GC/QQQ or a combination of gas chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometers (HRMS).
The latest technologies push the boundaries of detection limits in all application areas - from the analysis of SCCPs, through the analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in various matrices or volatile substances in water to the analysis of microplastics using thermal desorption (TD).
Thanks to the possibilities of our unique database with advanced search, you are able to search and filter in a second according to the exact configuration of the system, manufacturer or industries.
<a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?categoryItems=1&amp;date=2020-2020">You can find all the documents and open them directly or download them in the LabRulez library.</a>
<h3>GC/HRMS (3)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Analysis of Short Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (SCCPs) by GC -Q/ TOF using Complimentary and Novel Ionization | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Solution for Environment &amp; Agriculture Analysis | 2020 | LECO
</li>
<li>The joy of discovery Your curiosity, our geosciences portfolio | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/QQQ (10)</h3>
<ul>
<li>The joy of discovery Your curiosity, our geosciences portfolio | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Routine Quantitation of PAHs in Sediments Using Electron Ionization GC-MS/MS | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Automated MRM Method Development for US EPA Method 8270 with the Agilent MassHunter Optimizer for GC/TQ | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Optimized PAH Analysis Using Triple Quadrupole GC/MS with Hydrogen Carrier | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Nitrosamines Analysis in Water - Using Triple Quadrupole GC/MS/MS: Consumables workflow ordering guide | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Dioxins S3 - Smart Solution Systems | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Detection of hormones (E1, E2, EE2) according to the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive using an online-SPE-HPLC-MS/MS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Analysis in Environmental Samples - Using single quadrupole GC/MS and triple quadrupole GC/MS/MS: Consumables workflow ordering guide | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS - Application Compendium | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analytical and Measuring Instruments for Microplastics | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/SQ (25)</h3>
<ul>
<li>EPA 8270E with Pulsed Split Injection and Retention Time Locking on an 8890 GC with a 5977 Series MSD | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>The Evaluation of a New GC-MS instrument and Novel BFB tune for analysis of EPA Method 524.2. | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Occurrence of Volatile Organic Compounds in Tap Water: Demonstration of Performance of a New GCMS and a Novel BFB Tune | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>The joy of discovery Your curiosity, our geosciences portfolio | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>US EPA Method 524.4 using the Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ and Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7000 Mass Spectrometry (MS) System Coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1310 Gas Chromatograph (GC) | 2020 | Tekmar Teledyne
</li>
<li>Optimal Separation of PAH Compounds including Chrysene &amp; Triphenylene using Zebron™ ZB-PAH-SeleCT GC column | 2020 | Phenomenex
</li>
<li>Fast Analysis of Regulated PAHs by GC-MS using Zebron™ ZB-PAH-EU and Zebron ZB-PAH-SeleCT | 2020 | Phenomenex
</li>
<li>Volatile Organic Compounds in Waters - Agilent GC/MS Workflow Consumables Quick Reference Guide | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Detect Every Peak and Minimize Degradative Buildup in Your GC Flow Path - Agilent Inert Flow Path solutions | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Routine analysis of purgeable organic compounds in drinking water with ISQ 7000 GC-MS | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Determination of 1,4-Dioxane in Water | 2020 | SCION Instruments
</li>
<li>US EPA Method 624 using the Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ and Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7000 Mass Spectrometry (MS) System Coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1310 Gas Chromatograph (GC) | 2020 | Tekmar Teledyne
</li>
<li>Quantification of Microplastics in Environmental Samples Using Pyrolysis and GC/MSD | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Mixed Polymer Sample as Microplastics using Pyrolysis GC/MS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Comparison of Fritted and Wool Liners for Analysis of Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs in automotive trim components using TD-GC-MS | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>New Approach to Analysis of Volatile Gases Formed by Intestinal Microbiota Using GCMS™ and GC-SCD | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Quantitation of 3,3’-Dichloro-4,4’- Diaminodiphenylmethane (MOCA) in the Work Environment by GC/MS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs according to EPA Method 8260 | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>A rapid method for the analysis of air toxics based on US EPA TO-15 | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs and Petroleum Hydrocarbons (C6 to C9) in Soil and Sediment with a P&amp;T-8890 GC/FID/5977 MSD Systém | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Analysis in Environmental Samples - Using single quadrupole GC/MS and triple quadrupole GC/MS/MS: Consumables workflow ordering guide | 2020| Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of US EPA TO-15 for Ambient Air Monitoring Using Cryogen- Free Thermal Desorption and Gas Chromatography Coupled to a Single Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (GC/MSD) | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Accelerated Determination of Microplastics in Environmental Samples Using Thermal Extraction Desorption-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Indoor Air Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds by Thermal Desorption – GCMS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC (11)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Using a Barrier Ion Discharge Detector for Trace Water Analysis: An Alternative to the Karl Fischer Titration Technique | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>The joy of discovery Your curiosity, our geosciences portfolio | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Evaluation of Capillary Columns for the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Computer Modeling Software | 2020 | Restek
</li>
<li>Quick Reference Guide - Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOC) in Water | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Detect Every Peak and Minimize Degradative Buildup in Your GC Flow Path - Agilent Inert Flow Path solutions | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Endrin/DDT Stability for Fritted and Wool Liners | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>New Approach to Analysis of Volatile Gases Formed by Intestinal Microbiota Using GCMS™ and GC-SCD | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Analysis of halogenated disinfection byproducts and chlorinated solvents in drinking water by GC-dual ECD | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Cryogen-free analysis of VOCs in car exhaust | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Quantitation of Hydrogen and Methane Dissolved in Hexanes, Toluene and Water | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs and Petroleum Hydrocarbons (C6 to C9) in Soil and Sediment with a P&amp;T-8890 GC/FID/5977 MSD Systém | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Purge and Trap (10)</h3>
<ul>
<li>The Evaluation of a New GC-MS instrument and Novel BFB tune for analysis of EPA Method 524.2. | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Occurrence of Volatile Organic Compounds in Tap Water: Demonstration of Performance of a New GCMS and a Novel BFB Tune | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>US EPA Method 524.4 using the Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ and Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7000 Mass Spectrometry (MS) System Coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1310 Gas Chromatograph (GC) | 2020 | Tekmar Teledyne
</li>
<li>Volatile Organic Compounds in Waters - Agilent GC/MS Workflow Consumables Quick Reference Guide | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Detect Every Peak and Minimize Degradative Buildup in Your GC Flow Path - Agilent Inert Flow Path solutions | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Routine analysis of purgeable organic compounds in drinking water with ISQ 7000 GC-MS | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Determination of 1,4-Dioxane in Water | 2020 | SCION Instruments
</li>
<li>US EPA Method 624 using the Teledyne Tekmar Atomx XYZ and Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7000 Mass Spectrometry (MS) System Coupled with a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1310 Gas Chromatograph (GC) | 2020 | Tekmar Teledyne
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs according to EPA Method 8260 | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs and Petroleum Hydrocarbons (C6 to C9) in Soil and Sediment with a P&amp;T-8890 GC/FID/5977 MSD Systém | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Thermal desorption (10)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Sorbent Pen Chart | 2020 | ENTECH
</li>
<li>Air Monitoring Sorbent Pens™ (Pat. Pend.) For Environmental &amp; IH Applications | 2020 | ENTECH
</li>
<li>Flow Professor™ Calibration System - Solutions for Time Integrated Canister Sampling | 2020 |** ENTECH**
</li>
<li>Analysis of VOCs in automotive trim components using TD-GC-MS | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Thermal Desorption Tubes with Unique Barcodes | 2020 | Merck
</li>
<li>A rapid method for the analysis of air toxics based on US EPA TO-15 | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Cryogen-free analysis of VOCs in car exhaust | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Analysis of US EPA TO-15 for Ambient Air Monitoring Using Cryogen- Free Thermal Desorption and Gas Chromatography Coupled to a Single Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (GC/MSD) | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Accelerated Determination of Microplastics in Environmental Samples Using Thermal Extraction Desorption-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (TED-GC/MS) | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Indoor Air Monitoring of Volatile Organic Compounds by Thermal Desorption – GCMS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
</ul>
<h3>HeadSpace (3)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Volatile Organic Compounds in Waters - Agilent GC/MS Workflow Consumables Quick Reference Guide | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>AUTOMATED SIFT-MS: STATIC HEADSPACE ANALYSIS | 2020 | Anatune
</li>
<li>New Approach to Analysis of Volatile Gases Formed by Intestinal Microbiota Using GCMS™ and GC-SCD | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
</ul>

Environment - Overview of GC and GCMS Application in 2020

In January 2021, so far the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Agilent Technologies: Using the Agilent Deans Switch and Capillary Flow Technology Splitters for Analysis of Complex Matrices</h5>
This webinar focuses on developing a functional understanding of the Deans switch and capillary flow splitters. The presentation will discuss different chromatographic applications and chromatograms.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: Stop the Bleed! Tips and Tricks on GC Column Bleed</h5>
Join us in this webinar as we distinguish between abnormal and normal bleed of chromatographic column as well share some tips and tricks to control your column bleed.

GC and GCMS webinars - January 2021

In January 2021, so far the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments/Frontier Laboratories: Pyrolysis: Expanding the Characterization Options of GC and GCMS</h5>
During this webinar, we will look at why pyrolysis is important and the different areas of use, discuss method mapping using a pyrolyzer and finally how it can be used for day to day material characterization.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: Using the Agilent Deans Switch and Capillary Flow Technology Splitters for Analysis of Complex Matrices</h5>
This webinar focuses on developing a functional understanding of the Deans switch and capillary flow splitters. The presentation will discuss different chromatographic applications and chromatograms.
<h5>3. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments: A systematic analysis of commercial e-liquids: The evolution of GRAS to Inhaled Toxins</h5>
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) were originally developed as an alternate method for nicotine delivery, and the e-liquids consist of a range of humectant formulations, pharmacologically active ingredients, flavoring chemicals, volatiles, preservative chemicals, and other “enhancing” chemicals.
The chemical composition of e-liquids has been evaluated since 2015, to include humectant formulations, pharmacologically active ingredients, flavoring chemicals, volatiles, preservative chemicals, and other “enhancements”, using TOF MS, HS-GC-FID, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS.
<h5>4. Agilent Technologies: Stop the Bleed! Tips and Tricks on GC Column Bleed</h5>
Join us in this webinar as we distinguish between abnormal and normal bleed of chromatographic column as well share some tips and tricks to control your column bleed.

GC and GCMS webinars - January 2021 (2)

In the week from January 18, 2021, the following webinars await you in the field of GC and GCMS. More <a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars">details and registration can be found in the WEBINARS section.</a>:
Search and filter in more than 600 GC and LC webinars.
<h5>1. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments/Frontier Laboratories: Pyrolysis: Expanding the Characterization Options of GC and GCMS</h5>
During this webinar, we will look at why pyrolysis is important and the different areas of use, discuss method mapping using a pyrolyzer and finally how it can be used for day to day material characterization.
<h5>2. Agilent Technologies: Using the Agilent Deans Switch and Capillary Flow Technology Splitters for Analysis of Complex Matrices</h5>
This webinar focuses on developing a functional understanding of the Deans switch and capillary flow splitters. The presentation will discuss different chromatographic applications and chromatograms.
<h5>3. GERSTEL: Automation: The next critical tool for scientists’ survival during the pandemic and during recovery.</h5>
This seminar, we will discuss how GERSTEL helps its customers automate their sample preparation and sample introduction methods in order increase throughput and free up resources when they are needed.
<h5>4. Shimadzu Scientific Instruments: A systematic analysis of commercial e-liquids: The evolution of GRAS to Inhaled Toxins</h5>
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) were originally developed as an alternate method for nicotine delivery, and the e-liquids consist of a range of humectant formulations, pharmacologically active ingredients, flavoring chemicals, volatiles, preservative chemicals, and other “enhancing” chemicals.
The chemical composition of e-liquids has been evaluated since 2015, to include humectant formulations, pharmacologically active ingredients, flavoring chemicals, volatiles, preservative chemicals, and other “enhancements”, using TOF MS, HS-GC-FID, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS.

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 3

Take a look at the latest trends in gas chromatography and mass spectrometry associated with the analysis of food and agriculture samples using GC/SQ, GC/QQQ or the combination of gas chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometers (HRMS ) as TOF spectrometers, Q-TOF spectrometers, Orbitrap systems or couplings GC with soft ionization at atmospheric pressure (APGC) coupled with QQQ spectrometers for liquid chromatography.
In addition, these techniques such as thermal desorption (TD), solid phase microextraction (SPME), headspace (HS) or comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography ( GCxGC) are also used for sample introduction.
The latest technologies push the boundaries of detection limits in all application areas - from analysis of Cannabis, through analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons ** (PAH) ** in various matrices and analysis of dioxins to complex analyzes of tea and the whole spectrum of other drinks and foods.
Thanks to the possibilities of our unique database with advanced search, you are able to search and filter in a second according to the exact configuration of the system, manufacturer or industries.
<a href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?date=2020-2021&amp;categoryItems=2&amp;publicationTypeItems=1-2-5&amp;instrumentationItems=3">You can find all the documents and open them directly or download them in the LabRulez library.</a>
<h3>GC/QQQ (26)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Analysis of Dioxins in Foods and Feeds Using GC-MS/MS with BEIS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Analysis of Multiresidue Pesticides in Salmon Using Agilent Captiva EMR—Lipid with GC/MS/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Determination of Pesticide and Mycotoxin Residues in Dried Cannabis Flower: LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Methodology to Meet the Recommended AOAC Regulatory Requirements for US States and Canada | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Terpenes in Hemp and Cannabis Determined Using EI GC-MS/MS | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Metabolomic Profiling of Beer Using GC-MS and GC-FID | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Determination of 19 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds in Salmon and Beef | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Twenty-Seven GC‑Amenable Pesticides Regulated in the Cannabis Industry in North America with the Agilent 8890/7010B Triple Quadrupole GC/MS Systém | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>EVALUATING ALTERNATIVE AND SIMPLIFIED CLEANUP OF FOODSTUFFS FOR GC-MS/MS DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Waters Application Notes - Food Testing | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Analysis of Multiclass Multiresidue Pesticides in Milk Using Agilent Captiva EMR—Lipid with LC/MS/MS and GC/MS/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Confidently Analyze Cannabis Flower and Hemp - Application compendium for cannabis potency and safety | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Automated MRM Method Development for Pesticides in Cannabis Using the Agilent MassHunter Optimizer for GC/TQ | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Dioxins Analysis in Food and Feed by Intuvo 9000/7010 GC-QQQ Systém | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Optimized PAH Analysis Using Triple Quadrupole GC/MS with Hydrogen Carrier | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of Double Bond Position in Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by SMCI Method | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Various Analysis Techniques for Organic Acids and Examples of Their Application | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Automated micro-SPE clean-up for GC-MS/MS analysis of pesticide residues in cereals | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Quantification of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Dietary Supplements Using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Coupled with GC-MS/MS and Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry | 2020 | GERSTEL
</li>
<li>Determination of Dioxin in Food by GC-MS/MS Coupled with Boosted Efficiency Ion Source (BEIS) | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Evaluation of Food Deterioration by Multivariate Analysis | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Low Calibration Limit Research for Multiresidue Pesticides in Milk Using the Agilent 8890/7010B and 7890B/7000C Triple Quadrupole GC/MS Systems | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Determination of Dioxin in Food by GC-MS/MS Coupled with Boosted Efficiency Ion Source (BEIS) | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Determination of 33 pesticide residues in Ginseng using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spektrometry | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Agilent Triple Quadrupole GC/MS - Application Compendium | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Fast Analysis of Organic and Amino Acids in Café Late by Solid Phase-Derivatization method | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Analysis of the California list of Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Edibles | 2020 | Restek
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/TOF (5)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Cannabis Analysis: Hemp Potency Determination | 2020 | LECO
</li>
<li>Developing Cannabis Chemovar Maps Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with High Performance Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) | 2020 | LECO
</li>
<li>DETERMINATION OF MOSH AND MOAH BY GC×GC-TOFMS | 2020 | LECO
</li>
<li>Determination of Pesticides in Tomato by GCxGC-TOFMS | 2020 | LECO
</li>
<li>Frankincense and Myrrh: Visual Characterization and Comparison of Essential Oils with GCxGC Structured Chromatograms | 2020 | LECO
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/Q-TOF (5)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Workflow for food classification and authenticity using yerba mate and high-resolution GC/Q-TOF | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Black Pepper authenticity workflow using high-resolution GC/Q-TOF | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Agilent ASMS 2020 Posters Book | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Black Pepper Authenticity Workflow Using the High-Resolution Agilent 7250 GC/Q-TOF | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Workflow for Food Classification and Authenticity using Yerba Mate and High-Resolution GC/Q-TOF | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/Orbitrap (2)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Simultaneous screening and quantification of pesticide residues in potato using GC-Orbitrap MS | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>Food integrity application compendium | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/API/MS (2)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Determination of Pesticide and Mycotoxin Residues in Dried Cannabis Flower: LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Methodology to Meet the Recommended AOAC Regulatory Requirements for US States and Canada | 2020 | Waters
</li>
<li>Waters Application Notes - Food Testing | 2020 | Waters
</li>
</ul>
<h3>GC/SQ (33)</h3>
<ul>
<li>GC/MS Flavor Analysis of Foods and Beverages Under Consumption Conditions | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Development of a Quantitative Method of Eight Cannabinoids Including Total THC and GCMS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Selective and Sensitive Analysis of 20 Category I and II Residual Solvents for Cannabis Application using Headspace-GCMS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Optimal Separation of PAH Compounds including Chrysene &amp; Triphenylene using Zebron™ ZB-PAH-SeleCT GC column | 2020 | Phenomenex
</li>
<li>Fast Analysis of Regulated PAHs by GC-MS using Zebron™ ZB-PAH-EU and Zebron ZB-PAH-SeleCT | 2020 | Phenomenex
</li>
<li>Rapid GC-MS Analysis of European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) PAH Compounds in Food using a Zebron™ ZB-PAH-EU GC Column | 2020 | Phenomenex
</li>
<li>New Approach to Food Smell Analysis Using Combination of GCMS™ and GC-SCD (1) | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>New Approach to Food Smell Analysis Using Combination of GCMS™ and GC-SCD (2) | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Qualitative Analysis of Aroma Components in Beer Using Peak Deconvolution | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Evaluation of Aroma Generated During Cooking | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Application of Pyrolysis-GC/MS to Food Contamination Analysis | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Application of Thermal Extraction-GC/MS to Food Contamination Analysis | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Novel Residual Solvents Analysis of Cannabinoid Products with the Agilent Headspace-GC/MS System | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Thermal decomposition of vitamin E acetate in a surrogate vaping environment | 2020 | Thermo Fischer Scientific
</li>
<li>DISPERSIVE LIQUID-LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION (DiLLME) FOR WHISKY FLAVOUR ANALYSIS | 2020 | Anatune
</li>
<li>Terpenes Analysis in Cannabis Products by Liquid Injection using the Agilent Intuvo 9000/5977B GC/MS System | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Characterization of Hemp-Based Products Using HS-GC/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Rinse and Shoot: Rapid Pesticide Screening Workflow by GC/MS in Under Five Minutes | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>The use of SPME-GC/MS to determine the best packaging material for preventing light-induced off-flavors in milk | 2020 | Merck
</li>
<li>Rapid Rinse and Shoot: Screening Workflow for Pesticides in Fruit by GC/MSD in Under Six Minutes | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>The Analysis of Electronic Cigarette E-Liquids by GC-MS | 2020 | SCION Instruments
</li>
<li>Agilent ASMS 2020 Posters Book | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Various Analysis Techniques for Organic Acids and Examples of Their Application | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Agilent QuickProbe Comprehensive e-Book | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Identifying key odor compounds in bourbon using solvent-free aroma dilution analysis and a novel software for interpreting GC-O data | 2020 | GERSTEL
</li>
<li>Analysis of 21 Terpenes in 3 Cannabis Cultivars by HS-GCMS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Oregon Residual Solvent Analysis Method for Cannabis/Hemp using a Shimadzu GCMS-SQ and Headspace Injections | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Estimation of β-Sitosterol in Milk Fat (Ghee) Samples | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
<li>Analysis of DMTS in Alcoholic Drinks Using SPME Arrow | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Quantitation of Policosanols and Phytosterols in Brans by GC/MS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Fast Analysis of Fatty Acids in Brans by GC/MS | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Classification of Unknown Samples by Fatty Acids | 2020 | Shimadzu
</li>
<li>Quantitation of Cannabinoids in Hemp Flower by Derivatization GC/MS | 2020 | Agilent Technologies
</li>
</ul>

Food & Agriculture - Overview of GC/MS and GC/MS/MS Application in 2020

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Vědecký recenzovaný online časopis Kvasný průmysl (eISSN 2570-8619), vychází jako samostatné periodikum v angličtině. Od ročníku 2015 je obsah indexovaný databází Web of Science (edice ESCI), dále je indexován v databázích CAS, CAB Abstracts, DOAJ.
Časopis je publikovaný v režimu otevřeného přístupu Platinum Open Access s licencí Creative Commons. 

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GC and GCMS webinars - Week 4

Food & Agriculture - Overview of GC/MS and GC/MS/MS Application in 2020

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GC and GCMS webinars - January 2021 (2)

GC and GCMS webinars - January 2021

Environment - Overview of GC and GCMS Application in 2020

GC and GCMS webinars - Week 52

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GC and GCMS webinars - Week 50

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