Pesticides and biocides are widely used in agriculture, building materials, and urban gardening to control pests and protect crops and public health. While much attention has been paid to pesticide residues in food, water, and outdoor environments, far less is known about their presence inside homes, where people spend the majority of their time. A new RECETOX study published in Indoor Environments addresses this gap by examining pesticides detected in house dust and their relevance for human exposure.&nbsp;The study reveals that Czech household dust commonly contains multiple pesticide residues, highlighting the persistence of both historic and current chemical use indoors. Modern pesticides were detected in 93% of homes, with two fungicides (carbendazim and propiconazole) most frequently found, while compounds related to the long‑banned pesticide DDT were present in dust from all homes, and were at higher levels in homes over 40 years old. Homes located closer to agricultural areas showed higher levels of current‑use pesticides in spring, indicating an influence of nearby farming activities. &nbsp;House dust acts as a sink for chemicals transported indoors from outdoor sources as well as from indoor use. Many pesticides can persist in dust for long periods, leading to continuous exposure in indoor spaces. This is particularly important for young children, who have higher exposure to dust from playing on the floor and mouthing toys and objects. The research underscores that indoor environments are not isolated from their surroundings. Understanding what ends up in house dust is a crucial step toward protecting public health and developing more comprehensive approaches to managing chemical risks in everyday life.&nbsp;<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/RECETOX_Vyzkum_pesticidu_v_domacim_prachu_opomijena_cesta_lidske_expozice_a9a089fd2f.jpg" alt="RECETOX: Pesticides in House Dust: An Overlooked Pathway of Human Exposure" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_RECETOX_Vyzkum_pesticidu_v_domacim_prachu_opomijena_cesta_lidske_expozice_a9a089fd2f.jpg 195w," sizes="100vw" width="738" height="591"><blockquote><h4>Original Article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950362026000214?via%3Dihub">Legacy and current-use pesticides in indoor settled dust and association with building age and seasonality</a></h4>Paula Marcinekova, Ondřej Mikeš, Simona Rozárka Jílková, Petr Šenk, Jakub Martiník, Jan Böhm, Petra Borilova Linhartova, Lenka Andrýsková, Jana Klánová, Lisa MelymukIndoor Environ., 2026, 3, 100169<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indenv.2026.100169">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indenv.2026.100169</a>&nbsp;<h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote><h4>Abstract</h4>Indoor pesticide exposure is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to pollutant exposure in residential spaces. This study investigates concentrations of legacy organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and current-use pesticides (CUPs) in settled dust from 116 homes in the Czech Republic, in the context of their seasonal variability, relationships with building characteristics, geospatial factors, and indoor dust bacteriome diversity and composition. CUPs were detected in dust in 93% of homes, with carbendazim (84.5%), propiconazole (49.1%), atrazine (24.1%), and tebuconazole (11.2%) detected most frequently. OCPs were found in all homes. Propiconazole concentrations were significantly higher in homes with adjacent gardens, potentially reflecting its use as a biocide in outdoor building materials. CUP concentrations had clear seasonal trends, with peak levels in spring and summer, corresponding to pesticide application periods, particularly in rural environments. OCP concentrations were substantially higher in houses over 40 years old, indicating the persistence of residues from past indoor uses. While pesticide presence was ubiquitous, exposure estimates for children, under both average and high-exposure scenarios, were well below U.S. EPA reference doses (RfDs) for individual compounds; however, most homes had 3–11 pesticides in dust, raising the possibility of mixture effects. No significant associations, using a Spearman rank correlation matrix, were observed between pesticide concentrations and indoor dust bacteriome diversity and composition. These findings highlight the presence of pesticides in homes, including those in urban areas, driven by both current and historical sources, and reinforce the importance of monitoring to better understand potential exposure pathways.<h4>Instrumentation</h4><h5>1. LC–MS/MS analysis of CUPs</h5><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?instrumentationItems=27&amp;mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=1290+Series+Gradient">Agilent 1290 Series Gradient HPLC</a></li><li>Columns:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1701">Phenomenex Luna C18</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?instrumentationItems=34&amp;mainauthorItems=50&amp;search=SecurityGuard+C18">Phenomenex SecurityGuard C18</a></li></ul></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=55&amp;search=QTrap+5500%2B">SCIEX QTrap 5500+</a> (triple quadrupole MS, ESI+)</li></ul><h5>2. GC–MS/MS analysis of OCPs</h5><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?instrumentationItems=1&amp;mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8890A">Agilent 8890A GC</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?instrumentationItems=19&amp;mainauthorItems=7&amp;search=Rxi-5Sil-MS">Restek Rxi-5Sil-MS capillary column</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7000D">Agilent 7000D triple quadrupole MS</a></li></ul>

Pesticides in House Dust: An Overlooked Pathway of Human Exposure

🎤 Presenter: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=petr+vozka">Petr Vozka</a> (California State University LA)💾 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/32783">PDF presentation</a><h3>Abstract</h3>Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive pollutants throughout our local marine environments. They serve as vectors for organic compounds, yet the variability of their adsorbed contaminants along highly urbanized coastlines remains poorly resolved.This study examines the variation in MP contamination and its associated organic compounds across three beach sites in the greater Los Angeles region. Surface sediments will be collected from each site. MPs will be isolated through a density separation to remove inorganic components, followed by oxidative digestion of the remaining organic matter. The recovered MPs will be characterized using an inlet capable of high-temperature thermal desorption/pyrolysis coupled with two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOFMS) to identify polymer-specific marker compounds and thereby determine MP composition and relative abundance at each location. In addition, a preliminary thermal desorption (TD) step will be applied before pyrolysis to assess organic compounds adsorbed to MP surfaces. Chromatographic profiles from the single-step <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?instrumentationItems=13-3-2-11-8">TD/PY-GC×GC-TOF-MS</a> analyses will be statistically compared among sites using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1873">Chromatof Sync 2D software</a> to evaluate differences in both polymer types and co-occurring contaminants. The results will provide insight into how local sources, hydrodynamics, and land use patterns influence the distribution of MP polymers and their adsorbed contaminant loads along urbanized Southern California coastlines.<h3>Video Transcription</h3>In this presentation, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/articles?search=petr+vozka">Petr Vozka</a> (California State University, Los Angeles) addresses a critical analytical challenge associated with chemical recycling of plastics—namely, the detailed characterization of unsaturated hydrocarbons (olefins) formed during depolymerization processes.Plastic waste recycling remains a major global issue, with most materials still ending up in landfills. Emerging thermochemical and catalytic recycling approaches convert plastic waste into fuel-like products. However, these products are highly complex mixtures containing a broad distribution of hydrocarbons, particularly olefins, whose accurate quantification and classification remain analytically demanding.Unlike conventional petroleum-derived fuels, plastic pyrolysis oils may contain up to ~50 wt.% olefins, making traditional analytical methods insufficient.<h4>Why Olefin Characterization Matters</h4>Olefin content directly impacts:<ul><li>Fuel stability and reactivity</li><li>Downstream upgrading processes</li><li>Material compatibility and storage</li><li>Environmental and regulatory compliance</li></ul>However, most standard methods (e.g., bromine number, FIA) only provide bulk unsaturation metrics and lack structural resolution.Additionally, these methods can produce misleading results, especially in complex matrices:<ul><li>Misclassification of compounds (e.g., dienes or heteroatom species as aromatics)</li><li>Poor performance at high olefin concentrations</li><li>Limited chemical specificity</li></ul><h4>Role of GC×GC-FID in Complex Hydrocarbon Analysis</h4>To address these challenges, the group employs comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with FID detection, which offers:<ul><li>High peak capacity</li><li>Structured chromatographic separation</li><li>Quantitative robustness for hydrocarbons</li></ul>Using reverse-phase GC×GC, hydrocarbons can be organized into regions:<ul><li>n-alkanes</li><li>isoalkanes</li><li>cycloalkanes</li><li>aromatics</li></ul>However, a key finding of this work is that olefins are not confined to a single chromatographic region, as often assumed in literature. Instead:<ul><li>Mono-unsaturated compounds co-elute with isoalkanes and monocycloalkanes</li><li>Di- and poly-unsaturated species appear in higher-order cyclic regions</li><li>Distribution follows a systematic trend linked to double bond count</li></ul>This significantly complicates direct quantification.<h4>Approach 1: GC×GC Combined with Selective Adsorption</h4>The first strategy combines GC×GC-FID with silver-modified silica adsorption:Principle:<ul><li>Olefins are selectively retained on the cartridge</li><li>Sample is analyzed before and after treatment</li><li>Olefin content is calculated from peak area differences</li></ul>Key features:<ul><li>Sample volume: ~50 µL</li><li>Analysis time: ~15 minutes</li><li>Quantification based on weight % (FID response)</li></ul>Advantages:<ul><li>Simple and cost-effective</li><li>Provides group-type quantification</li><li>Suitable for high-olefin samples</li></ul>Limitations:<ul><li>Reliable only above ~5 wt.% olefins</li><li>Primarily applicable to aliphatic olefins</li><li>Limited performance for heavier or aromatic systems</li><li>Co-elution effects may distort alkane quantification</li></ul>Notably, results showed that alkanes can be overestimated if olefins are not properly removed prior to quantification.<h4>Approach 2: Chemical Derivatization for Olefin Identification</h4>The second strategy focuses on chemical derivatization of double bonds, enabling more detailed structural analysis.<h5>Classical Method: DMDS Derivatization</h5><ul><li>Reagent: dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) + iodine</li><li>Reaction at ~70 °C for 1 hour</li><li>Converts olefins into heavier, more polar derivatives</li><li>Shifts peaks to different regions in GC×GC space</li></ul>Outcome:<ul><li>Enables differentiation between saturated and unsaturated species</li><li>Allows carbon-number-resolved quantification</li><li>Provides detailed group-type analysis</li></ul><h5>Limitations:</h5><ul><li>DMDS not sufficiently heavy → incomplete chromatographic shift in complex samples</li><li>Overlap with aromatic region complicates interpretation</li><li>Formation of DMDS-related artifacts</li><li>Requires elevated temperature</li><li>Regulatory challenges (iodine handling)</li></ul><h4>Next-Generation Derivatization Strategy</h4>To overcome these limitations, the group explored alternative disulfide reagents with improved properties:<ul><li>Higher molecular weight → better chromatographic separation</li><li>Improved polarity → enhanced peak shifting</li><li>Reaction at room temperature</li><li>Reduced reliance on iodine (under development)</li></ul>Verification using ¹H NMR confirmed complete consumption of double bonds, demonstrating full derivatization.This new approach significantly improves applicability for:<ul><li>Jet fuel and diesel-range samples</li><li>Highly complex pyrolysis oils</li><li>Advanced structural characterization</li></ul><h4>Analytical Impact and Future Directions</h4>This work demonstrates that combining GC×GC with targeted sample preparation strategies enables:<ul><li>Detailed olefin quantification beyond bulk parameters</li><li>Improved classification of complex hydrocarbon mixtures</li><li>Better understanding of plastic depolymerization pathways</li></ul>Future developments include:<ul><li>Integration with TOF-MS for structural confirmation</li><li>Potential coupling with VUV detection</li><li>Full method validation across feedstocks</li><li>Expansion toward aromatic olefin analysis</li></ul><h4>Conclusion</h4>Accurate characterization of olefins in plastic recycling streams requires moving beyond conventional bulk methods. The combination of GC×GC separation with selective adsorption and advanced derivatization provides a powerful analytical toolbox for resolving these complex systems.This work highlights the importance of method development tailored to emerging matrices, particularly in the context of circular economy and sustainable materials.<blockquote>This text has been automatically transcribed from a video presentation using AI technology. It may contain inaccuracies and is not guaranteed to be 100% correct.</blockquote>

Counting Double Bonds: GCxGC–FID For Plastic Pyrolysis Oils (Petr Vozka, MDCW 2026)

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 27th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application note by Shimadzu, scientific article by BaySpec, poster by MDCW / JEOL and technical note by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. BaySpec: PNNL and BaySpec Launch Compact Mass Spectrometry System for Rapid Narcotics Detection</h3><ul><li>Scientific article</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/PNNL_and_Bay_Spec_Launch_Compact_Mass_Spectrometry_System_for_Rapid_Narcotics_Detection_087ddb9b7e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The U.S. Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory’s (PNNL) VaporID, which is a newly developed portable air sampling system incorporating a miniaturized mass spectrometer (MS), can detect trace levels of fentanyl, methamphetamine, cocaine, and even explosives like TNT with great accuracy, the laboratory announced in a press release (1). Because of its success, BaySpec, an optical products manufacturer, is commercializing this instrument, which will be produced later in 2025 (1,2).&nbsp;The new system employs a technique known as noncontact detection, which collects airborne molecules and analyzes them in real time using a miniature mass spectrometer (1). The VaporID device was first developed in 2020. The device won GeekWire’s Innovation of the Year award that same year (2). At the 2025 American Society for Mass Spectrometry (ASMS) conference in Baltimore Maryland, Krisztian Torma, a BaySpec scientist and one of the lead developers, presented the latest test results of the device. The VaporID device was field-tested at the U.S.–Mexico border crossing in Nogales, Arizona. Working with the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agency, the device was able to successfully identify trace amounts of fentanyl, as well as other narcotics including MDMA (ecstasy), methamphetamine, ketamine, and cocaine (1).Fentanyl, explosives, and other drugs have low vapor pressure, which means that they do not willingly evaporate and release very few molecules into the air. Given the fact that there are often other interfering chemicals in the air, this presents a detection challenge. The VaporID system overcomes this hurdle by filtering out irrelevant vapors and enhancing signal clarity (1).&nbsp;The success of the VaporID system is the result of a two-year collaboration between PNNL and BaySpec. With plans to commercialize the system by the end of the year, BaySpec aims to bring this advanced narcotics and explosives detection tool into routine use at ports of entry, airports, shipping facilities, and public event venues (1).<h3>2. MDCW / JEOL: ANALYSIS OF AROMA COMPOUNDS IN SPICES BY COMPREHENSIVE TWO-DIMENSIONAL GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH MACHINE LEARNING-BASED STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION AND MOLECULAR FORMULA ESTIMATION</h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/P_9_Kubota_90c993d536.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><section><div><div><div><div><div><div>In GCxGC-MS, compound identification is commonly performed by searching the NIST database (DB) using electron ionization (EI) data. However, some compounds are not registered in the NIST DB. In addition, molecular formula estimation from molecular ions obtained by soft ionization often results in a large number of candidate formulas. To address these issues, we developed two machine learning (ML)–based methods for molecular formula recommendation and structural formula estimation. In this study, these methods are applied to the analysis of aroma compounds in spices using SPME-GCxGC-TOFMS.<h4>Experiments</h4><ul><li>Sample: 0.25 mg dried cardamom seeds&nbsp;</li><li>GC-HRTOFMS: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=23&amp;search=JMS-T2000GC">JMS-T2000GC</a> (JEOL)&nbsp;<ul><li>SPME Fiber: DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber (20 mm, 50/30 μm) at 50°C for 30 min.&nbsp;</li><li>GCxGC Thermal modulator: INSIGHT-Thermal (Sepsolve)&nbsp;</li><li>Modulation period: 6 s&nbsp;</li><li>Column: BPX5 30 m, 0.25 mm. 0.25 µm × Rxi-17Sil MS 3.4 m, 0.15 mm, 0.15µm</li><li>Ionization: Electron ionization (EI) and Field ionization (FI).&nbsp;</li></ul></li><li>Data processing: msFineAnalysis AI (JEOL)</li></ul><h4>Conclusion</h4>We reported two machine learning (ML)-based methods for molecular formula recommendation and structural formula estimation, and applied them to the analysis of aroma compounds. Our method is considered effective for rapid structural estimation of unknown compounds in GCxGC-MS measurements.<h3>3. Shimadzu: HS-GC Analysis of Sake Aroma Compounds Using Hydrogen Carrier Gas</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00886_en_974e971712.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User Benefits</h5><ul><li>Aroma compounds in alcoholic beverages can be quantified easily and cost-effectively.</li><li>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=HS-20+NX">HS-20 NX headspace sampler</a> enables simple, high-sensitivity analysis of aroma compounds.</li><li>Using hydrogen as the carrier gas reduces costs while maintaining separation performance.</li></ul>Aroma is a crucial component of sake. Therefore, during the sake production process, it is essential to preserve the sake’s aroma profile. One key step in sake production is pasteurization (“hiire”), in which unpasteurized sake is heated to sterilize it, deactivate enzymes, and halt fermentation. This pasteurization step is known to impair the aroma of sake if it is carried out for too long or at too high a temperature. In this analysis, a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Nexis+GC-2030">Nexis GC-2030 gas chromatograph</a> was combined with an HS-20 NX headspace sampler (Fig. 1) to quantify individual aroma compounds in sake before and after pasteurization.&nbsp;Headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC) is an effective method for analyzing volatile compounds, including aromas. HS-GC requires no pretreatment (e.g., derivatization), and sample preparation is straightforward: simply place the sample in a vial and perform the analysis.&nbsp;Hydrogen, which is inexpensive and readily available, was used as the carrier gas. Using H2 gas as the carrier reduces analysis costs while maintaining high separation performance over a wide range of linear velocities. However, because hydrogen is flammable, it must be handled with care. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Nexis+GC-2030">Nexis GC-2030</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Brevis+GC-2050">Brevis GC-2050</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Nexis+GC-2060">Nexis GC-2060</a> gas chromatographs can be equipped with an optional hydrogen sensor that measures H2 concentration in the column oven. If the hydrogen sensor detects a leak, the system shiftsto standby mode or automatically powers off, helping prevent accidents before they occur.<h4>Conclusion</h4>By combining the Nexis GC-2030 gas chromatograph with the HS-20 NX headspace sampler, the aroma compounds can be easily quantified without pretreatment such as derivatization. In addition, using inexpensive, readily available H2 as the carrier gas reduces analysis costs while maintaining high separation performance. Because the Nexis GC-2030 can be equipped with an optional hydrogen sensor, analyses using H2 carrier gas can be performed safely.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: “Outside the box” Raman spectroscopy: Remote measurements for bulk samples</h3><ul><li>Technical note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/remote_measurements_for_bulk_samples_tn1524_en_498225b670.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The effectiveness of Raman spectroscopy depends, in general, on focusing the excitation laser onto the sample. However, there are many cases where a traditional spectrometer’s working distance is not sufficient to achieve this, in which case a focus-independent, long-distance collection proves invaluable. One potential application of this focus-independent “remote” measurement is high-throughput plastics recycling, where many differently sized plastics are passed along at a fixed distance and screened for specific material identification. Similarly, any potential use cases of samples inside a glove box or within a hazardous environment may benefit from long-distance collection, because the laboratory grade spectrometer can be kept clear of the sample enclosure while providing excellent spectral signal. It should be noted that each unique application comes with its own optical beam path and laser safety requirements.In addition to this particular modality, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/2238">Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Flex Raman Spectrometer</a> provides excellent experimental versatility with micro scale, bulk sampling, and fiber probe collection modes also available. Shown below is a longdistance analytical setup in which the DXR3 Flex Raman spectrometer passes the unfocused laser beam through a quartz shielding window onto a polystyrene sample (Figure 1). The relationship between pathlength/sample mounting preparation and spectral signal is investigated below, to validate the use of a long-distance collection mode as a viable alternative to more traditional, focus-dependent analysis. It is worth mentioning the practice of standoff Raman spectroscopy, a technique designed to provide Raman data at distances ranging from 1 m to several hundred meters. However, these systems often require significantly different components than a standard Raman spectrometer, such as pulsed lasers, gated detectors, UV excitation wavelengths, and telescopic focusing elements.¹ The work described here performs measurements at a distance with a simple, off-the-shelf, benchtop spectrometer.<h4>Practical use case: recycled plastic identification&nbsp;</h4>One of the major benefits of this long-distance measurement technique is being able to handle samples of various sizes and thicknesses without needing to adjust the laser focus for specific samples. The following results simulate a potential use case where remote Raman spectroscopy is used to rapidly identify the plastic materials of various sizes. The samples were fixed at a 50 cm pathlength, and collection times were set at 10 s.All three samples show clear and identifiable Raman signals. The plastic drum is identified as polyethylene, while the water bottle is a specific, BPA-free polycarbonate alternative. The plastic bag is multilayered, with signals from both polyethylene and polycarbonate, along with a visible fluorescence peak at 2150 cm-1. All of these different polymers are spectroscopically identifiable, and at a range of different sample thicknesses. These results provide an excellent view into the use of this technique on non-reference samples. This is just one example of a potential use for the long-distance collection mode, a mode which enables much greater versatility in experimental design and instrument placement.</div></div></div></div></div></div></section>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 18, 2026

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Health

Presentation

Science and research

Poster

RECETOX (Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment) is an independent department of the Faculty of Science of Masaryk University in Brno, which has been established in 1983. RECETOX is focused on the research and education in cross-cutting area of Environment and Health. It addresses interactions among chemicals, environment, and biological systems, including consequences at local, regional, and global levels.

RECETOX - Centrum pro výzkum toxických látek v prostředí

The Multidimensional Chromatography (MDC) Workshop draws experts in this exciting field to share and discuss their research.

The Multidimensional Chromatography Workshop

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LECO PEGASUS BTX GC-TOFMS

Discover the LECO Pegasus BTX GC-TOFMS: next-generation TOF technology with femtogram sensitivity, StayClean® ion source, and full-spectrum acquisition for GC and GC×GC applications.

The Pegasus BTX represents the culmination of nearly 30 years of LECO innovation in time-of-flight mass spectrometry for GC and GC×GC applications. Designed for laboratories that demand uncompromising sensitivity, speed, and robustness, the BTX delivers full-spectrum data at all times—even during targeted analyses—so no chemical information is ever lost.<h3>Why Pegasus BTX?</h3>See Everything, All the Time Collect complete mass range data while running targeted methods. Never miss unknowns or unexpected components hidden in complex matrices.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Collect_full_mass_range_data_even_when_performing_targeted_analyses_Never_miss_another_clue_ee49884729.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BTX GC-TOFMS: Collect full mass range data, even when performing targeted analyses. Never miss another clue..jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Collect_full_mass_range_data_even_when_performing_targeted_analyses_Never_miss_another_clue_ee49884729.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="771" height="350">Advanced Deconvolution Algorithms Powerful spectral deconvolution extracts clean, interpretable spectra—even from the densest chromatograms.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Even_in_the_densest_of_matrices_uncovering_analytes_is_easier_than_ever_with_the_help_of_clean_spectra_0a5a1afa9b.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BTX GC-TOFMS: Even in the densest of matrices, uncovering analytes is easier than ever with the help of clean spectra..jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Even_in_the_densest_of_matrices_uncovering_analytes_is_easier_than_ever_with_the_help_of_clean_spectra_0a5a1afa9b.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="712" height="350">StayClean® Ion Source – No Routine Cleaning The proven StayClean® direct-extraction EI source eliminates the need for source cleaning, even after prolonged exposure to heavy matrices, maximizing uptime.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Stay_running_with_the_Stay_Clean_ion_source_which_requires_no_cleaning_even_after_sustained_heavy_matrix_exposure_8954521617.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BTX GC-TOFMS: Stay running with the StayClean­® ion source, which requires no cleaning, even after sustained heavy matrix exposure..jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Stay_running_with_the_Stay_Clean_ion_source_which_requires_no_cleaning_even_after_sustained_heavy_matrix_exposure_8954521617.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="729" height="350">Sensitivity in Spades Achieve trace-level detection down to femtogram levels using either helium or hydrogen carrier gas.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Trace_level_detection_with_helium_or_hydrogen_carrier_gases_no_analytes_escape_detection_d3eb2da878.jpg" alt="LECO - LECO PEGASUS BTX GC-TOFMS -Trace-level detection with helium or hydrogen carrier gases - no analytes escape detection.jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_LECO_PEGASUS_BTX_GC_TOFMS_Trace_level_detection_with_helium_or_hydrogen_carrier_gases_no_analytes_escape_detection_d3eb2da878.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="711" height="350">New Generation TOF Technology A novel ion path and detector design delivers extraordinary sensitivity in a compact benchtop footprint—revealing analytes that escape conventional GC-MS systems.Built for Reliability Backed by LECO’s commitment to robustness, every BTX includes a two-year detector warranty, underscoring confidence in ion path and detector integrity.<h3>Proven Platform, Elevated Performance</h3>Building on more than 8 years of field-proven Pegasus BT systems, the BTX retains what users trust—<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/documents/app-notes/203-821-569/?_gl=1*121vl09*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">StayClean® ion source</a>, ultrafast full-spectrum acquisition, and 5 orders of linear dynamic range—while pushing sensitivity and performance to a new level. It is ideally suited for demanding, non-targeted and discovery-driven workflows across:<ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/applications/petrochemical-analysis/?_gl=1*1819onr*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">Petroleum &amp; energy</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/industry/agriculture-environmental/?_gl=1*o0u7vp*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">Environmental analysis</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/applications/metabolomics/?_gl=1*1ttdc4g*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">Life sciences</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/industry/pharma/?_gl=1*121vl09*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">Pharmaceuticals</a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/industry/food-safety/?_gl=1*121vl09*_up*MQ..*_ga*OTgyMzg3MTkuMTc2NzgxMTMwNA..*_ga_KRDSR1XM7X*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgw*_ga_K8NYKVEKHY*czE3Njc4MTEzMDQkbzEkZzAkdDE3Njc4MTEzMDQkajYwJGwwJGgxNjI1OTMyNjA5">Food safety</a></li><li>Forensic and other complex-matrix applications</li></ul><h3>Key Technical Specifications</h3><ul><li>Ionization Source: Electron Ionization (StayClean® direct-extraction, open style)</li><li>Mass Analyzer: Time-of-Flight with dual-stage single reflectron</li><li>Detector: Scintillator–Photomultiplier Tube (extended lifetime)</li><li>Mass Range: 10–1500 m/z</li><li>Mass Resolution: &gt;1,100 at m/z 219</li><li>Spectral Acquisition Rate: 1–500 spectra/s (up to 35,000 transients/s)</li><li>Detection Limit (He carrier gas): 10 fg OFN, Quant S/N &gt;10</li><li>Detection Limit (H₂ carrier gas): 10 fg OFN, Quant S/N &gt;10</li><li>IDL: &lt;4 fg (8 replicates of 10 fg OFN)</li><li>Precision: &lt;5 % RSD (15 injections of 100 fg OFN)</li><li>Linear Dynamic Range: 5 orders of magnitude</li></ul>

LECO ChromaTOF Identification Grading System

ChromaTOF Identification Grading System assigns confidence scores to GC×GC-HRTOFMS identifications using accurate mass, spectra, fragments, and retention indices for faster, defensible results.

<h3>Bring the power of accurate mass and confidence to compound identification</h3>The LECO Identification Grading System™ (IGS™) is designed to simplify and accelerate data review by clearly indicating how confident you can be in each compound identification. By consolidating all available chemical evidence into a single, intuitive grading metric, IGS enables users to quickly justify identifications, report results with confidence, and make informed decisions on next analytical steps.IGS is tightly integrated with data generated by the Pegasus GC-HRT 4D platform and is especially powerful for non-targeted workflows, where large numbers of unknown or partially known compounds must be evaluated efficiently and objectively.<h3>Key Features</h3>The Identification Grading System leverages the full chemical information content produced by GC×GC-HRTOFMS to strengthen confidence in “unknown unknown” identification.Each compound identification is assigned a grade based on four independent criteria:<ul><li>Presence and accurate mass of the molecular ion</li><li>Presence and strong spectral similarity score from a curated reference library</li><li>Accurate mass agreement of chemically reasonable fragment ion formulae associated with the library hit</li><li>Retention index agreement with the corresponding library entry</li></ul>The resulting numerical grade provides an immediate, transparent indicator of identification confidence—the higher the grade, the stronger the supporting evidence.<h3>Theory of Operation</h3>The full potential of confident identification is realized through the combined capabilities of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS).GC×GC separates co-eluting species that would otherwise interfere with spectral interpretation, producing significantly cleaner mass spectra. High-resolution TOFMS delivers accurate, unskewed mass spectra across the entire chromatographic peak, including extremely narrow second-dimension peaks. When combined with advanced deconvolution, this results in exceptionally high-quality spectral information.Developed in response to the challenges highlighted by the U.S. EPA’s Non-Targeted Analysis Collaborative Trial (ENTACT), IGS directly addresses the time-consuming and subjective nature of traditional data review. It provides a systematic, evidence-based approach to filtering large result sets and focusing attention on the most reliable identifications.<h4>Practical Impact in Non-Target Analysis</h4>In GC×GC-TOFMS datasets from the EPA ENTACT challenge, unfiltered deconvolution can yield thousands of tentative identifications. Applying the IGS filter dramatically reduces this number, immediately highlighting the most confident matches and allowing analysts to focus on true unknowns with high priority.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Identification_Grading_System_3_9b33a4d091.jpg" alt="LECO: Identification Grading System" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Identification_Grading_System_3_9b33a4d091.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="513" height="120">In blind ENTACT samples, IGS correctly identified approximately 80% of known compounds introduced into the sample, demonstrating that the combination of GC×GC separation and high-resolution TOFMS is essential for high-confidence non-target identification.

LECO ChromaTOF Sync

ChromaTOF Sync co-processes Pegasus BT GC–MS sample sets to generate a single unified peak table, enabling cleaner deconvolution, trend analysis, and confident non-target data interpretation.

ChromaTOF Sync is an advanced peak-finding and data alignment solution designed for sample sets acquired on LECO Pegasus BT series GC–MS systems. By extending ChromaTOF’s proven peak-finding algorithms and deconvolution capabilities, Sync enables multiple samples to be processed together, generating a single, unified peak table for the entire sample set.This collective approach allows laboratories to move beyond isolated sample evaluation toward true sample-set intelligence. Compiled chemical information supports comprehensive non-target data review, making it easier to identify similarities, differences, and trends across complex datasets.<h4>How ChromaTOF Sync Works</h4>The Pegasus GC–MS platform produces exceptionally information-rich datasets. However, extracting meaningful insights from large sample sets can be challenging without specialized tools. ChromaTOF Sync addresses this by co-processing BT data, leveraging shared chemical information across all samples to align peaks, refine deconvolution, and generate one consolidated peak table.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Chroma_TOF_Sync_Analyza_dat_GC_TOFMS_1eeb398516.jpg" alt="LECO: ChromaTOF Sync" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Chroma_TOF_Sync_Analyza_dat_GC_TOFMS_1eeb398516.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1133" height="555">By using the full context of the dataset, Sync delivers results that are greater than the sum of individual analyses. Users benefit from cleaner deconvoluted spectra, improved peak alignment, clearer trend identification, and integrated statistical tools that accelerate confident data interpretation.<h4>Advanced Data Processing and Visualization</h4>ChromaTOF Sync was developed and validated using real-world experimental datasets. Retention time shifts, difficult peak shapes, and wide analyte dynamic ranges are automatically corrected and aligned, simplifying downstream review.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Chroma_TOF_Sync_Analyza_dat_GC_TOFMS_2_aeb513cd50.jpg" alt="LECO: ChromaTOF Sync" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Chroma_TOF_Sync_Analyza_dat_GC_TOFMS_2_aeb513cd50.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="416" height="150">The interactive application interface provides:<ul><li>Combined peak tables for the full sample set</li><li>Overlaid chromatograms for direct comparison</li><li>High-quality deconvoluted mass spectra</li><li>Interactive plots highlighting peak shape, repeatability, and trends</li><li>Spectral filters and visualization tools for monitoring chemical behavior across samples</li></ul>These features enable efficient exploration of complex datasets without manual reconciliation of individual files.

LECO Multi-Mode Source

Multi-Mode Source (MMS) integrates EI, PCI, and NCI/ECNI in a single GC-MS ion source, enabling instant software-based mode switching with perfect peak alignment and enhanced unknown identification.

The innovative Multi-Mode Source (MMS) integrates the strengths of the three most widely used GC-MS ionization techniques—Electron Ionization (EI), Positive Chemical Ionization (PCI), and Negative Chemical Ionization (NCI/ECNI)—into a single, easy-to-use source. With MMS, switching ionization modes is software-controlled and instantaneous, eliminating hardware changes and alignment concerns.Paired with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/38">Pegasus GC-HRT+</a>, MMS delivers excellent mass accuracy and high resolution for pseudo-molecular ions, complementing traditional high-resolution EI (HR-EI) to enable comprehensive characterization of unknown compounds. Because the hardware remains untouched during mode changes, chromatographic peaks stay perfectly aligned across ionization modes—simplifying comparison and interpretation.All three ionization modes (EI, PCI, NCI/ECNI) are available for both GC-MS and GC×GC-MS workflows on the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/39">Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D</a> as well as the Pegasus GC-HRT+ systems.<h3>Key Benefits</h3><ul><li>Three ionization modes in one source: EI, PCI, and NCI/ECNI</li><li>No hardware swapping or realignment: mode changes at the click of a button</li><li>Consistent peak alignment across ionization modes</li><li>Enhanced unknown identification via complementary EI and CI information</li><li>Compatible with GC-MS and GC×GC-MS on Pegasus GC-HRT+ platforms</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Multi_Mode_Source_2_79908249a5/LECO-Multi-Mode-Source-2.jpg" alt="LECO: Multi-Mode Source for the Pegasus GC-HRT+ and Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Multi_Mode_Source_2_79908249a5/thumbnail_LECO-Multi-Mode-Source-2.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1817" height="1082">

LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS

Compact GC-TOFMS delivering full mass range data in every run, high sensitivity, NonTarget Deconvolution® and StayClean® EI source for reliable non-target and routine GC-MS analysis.

The Pegasus BT GC-TOFMS is a compact, high-performance benchtop gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometer designed to deliver comprehensive chemical information with exceptional sensitivity, speed, and reliability. It combines advanced TOF mass spectrometry hardware with LECO’s powerful <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/41">ChromaTOF® software</a> to support both routine and advanced analytical workflows.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Pegasus_BT_2_bc8a8d0505.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Pegasus_BT_2_bc8a8d0505.jpg 238w," sizes="100vw" width="932" height="612">Designed for laboratories that need to analyze more samples, generate more data, and achieve results faster, the Pegasus BT acquires full-range mass spectral data in every run—ensuring that no analytes are missed, even in highly complex matrices. Industry-leading sensitivity, combined with NonTarget Deconvolution® (NTD®), enables confident identification and quantification of both known and unknown compounds by effectively separating co-eluting peaks and minimizing matrix interferences.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_7_be16be31ec.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS: NonTarget Deconvolution® (NTD®) Automated deconvolution ensures that coeluting peaks and matrix interferences don't hinder your analyses.StayClean Ion Source Open-style EI source virtually eliminates downtime associated with source cleaning*, which means you can spend your time running more samples. *Even after 3,000 sludge injections, source has not needed cleaning." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_7_be16be31ec.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="768" height="432">The system features LECO’s proven StayClean® open-style EI ion source, which virtually eliminates downtime associated with source cleaning and allows extended operation even with challenging sample matrices. Its compact benchtop footprint makes the Pegasus BT an ideal solution for laboratories with limited space, without compromising analytical performance.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_6_047f81e642.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS: " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_6_047f81e642.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="616" height="375">Fully integrated ChromaTOF® software provides automated deconvolution, quantification, reporting, batch processing, and long-term data mining. The Pegasus BT GC-TOFMS is ideally suited for pesticide analysis, metabolomics, petroleum and fuel characterization, food, flavor, and fragrance analysis, and other demanding GC-MS applications.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_2_cc1a963b9e.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS: ChromaTOF® software" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_2_cc1a963b9e.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="943" height="566"><h3>Key Features</h3><ul><li>Benchtop GC-TOFMS with full-range mass spectral acquisition in every analysis</li><li>Industry-leading sensitivity for trace-level detection</li><li>NonTarget Deconvolution® (NTD®) for reliable separation of co-eluting compounds and suppression of matrix interferences</li><li>StayClean® open-style EI ion source for minimal maintenance and reduced downtime</li><li>High sample throughput with excellent repeatability</li><li>Compact footprint with uncompromised analytical performance</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_5fd6d4a332.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_5fd6d4a332.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1220" height="591"><h3>Applications</h3><ul><li>Pesticides and environmental contaminants</li><li>Petroleum products, fuels, and fuel marker analysis</li><li>Metabolomics and non-target screening</li><li>Food, flavor, and fragrance analysis</li><li>Characterization of complex matrices and unknown identification</li></ul><h5>&nbsp;Calibration curve in strawberry matrix: Cyprodinil</h5><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_3_6a4f0ecc50.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS: The calibration curve at left shows excellent linearity, and sensitivity easily meets all standard requirements." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_3_6a4f0ecc50.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="871" height="480"><h5>Characterization of fuel markers at trace levels is easy and routine</h5><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_4_33217d7f2e.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT GC-TOFMS: Full TIC chromatogram of a spiked commercial diesel sample." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_GC_TOFMS_4_33217d7f2e.jpg 237w," sizes="100vw" width="742" height="489">

LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS

LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS combines comprehensive two-dimensional GC with fast TOFMS to improve separation, sensitivity, and confidence in qualitative and quantitative analysis of complex samples.

The LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS is a high-performance benchtop system that combines comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) to deliver unmatched separation power, sensitivity, and confidence in compound identification. Designed for laboratories facing highly complex samples, the PEGASUS BT 4D enables qualitative and quantitative analysis in a single run while maximizing productivity and data quality.By coupling GC×GC separation with fast TOFMS acquisition, the system dramatically increases chromatographic peak capacity and resolves co-eluting compounds that are difficult or impossible to distinguish by conventional 1D GC-MS. Enhanced signal-to-noise ratios translate into lower detection limits, improved linearity, and more reliable quantification—even in challenging matrices.<h3>What GC×GC Brings to Your Analysis</h3>GC×GC modulation refocuses and reinjects analytes from the first column into a second column with a different stationary phase, providing structured chromatograms that improve interpretability of complex data. This approach improves both separation efficiency and interpretability of results, allowing you to identify more compounds with greater confidence and consistency.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_c9ad0bd186.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_c9ad0bd186.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1029" height="594"><h3>Confident Identification and Quantification</h3>The PEGASUS BT 4D excels in both comprehensive screening and targeted applications. Spectral deconvolution combined with high-speed TOFMS acquisition reveals analytes present in complex matrices, while GC×GC separation minimizes matrix interferences for superior quantitative performance. What was once a marginal library match in GC-MS becomes a confident identification in GC×GC-TOFMS.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_2_4e033e866c.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS: Quantitative analysis using the Pegasus BT 4D" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_2_4e033e866c.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1443" height="637"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_3_18eebd600d.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS: Qualitative analysis using the Pegasus BT 4D" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_3_18eebd600d.jpg 210w," sizes="100vw" width="1442" height="1069"><h3>Robust Design for High-Throughput Labs</h3>Equipped with LECO’s proven StayClean® ion source, the PEGASUS BT 4D minimizes routine maintenance and downtime, even when analyzing dirty or complex samples. Integrated with ChromaTOF® software, the system provides seamless instrument control, automated data processing, and powerful qualitative and quantitative tools within a single platform.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_c2644cd38e.jpg" alt="LECO - PEGASUS BT 4D GCxGC-TOFMS.jpg" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_c2644cd38e.jpg 202w," sizes="100vw" width="1099" height="849"><h3>Key Benefits</h3><ul><li>Exceptional chromatographic resolution and peak capacity with GC×GC</li><li>Enhanced sensitivity and lower detection limits through modulation-based signal focusing</li><li>High-speed TOFMS acquisition for accurate deconvolution of narrow GC×GC peaks</li><li>Reliable identification and quantification of analytes</li><li>Reduced maintenance with the StayClean® ion source</li><li>Fully integrated ChromaTOF® software for acquisition, processing, and reporting</li></ul><h3>Applications</h3>The LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GC×GC-TOFMS is ideally suited for demanding applications across environmental analysis, petrochemical and energy research, food and flavor/fragrance analysis, forensics, life sciences, and metabolomics—anywhere complex mixtures require maximum separation power and analytical confidence.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_4_8e8ec115ec.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GCxGC-TOFMS: Excellent Sensitivity" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_4_8e8ec115ec.jpg 244w," sizes="100vw" width="974" height="625">With the PEGASUS BT 4D, you can predict, quantify, and identify more compounds with confidence, turning complex data into clear, actionable results.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_5_625fed2f0d.jpg" alt="LECO PEGASUS BT 4D GCxGC-TOFMS: Identify MORE with confidence/non-target analysis" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_PEGASUS_BT_4_D_G_Cx_GC_TOFMS_5_625fed2f0d.jpg 240w," sizes="100vw" width="1034" height="672">

LECO Pegasus GC-HRT+

Ultra-high-resolution GC-TOFMS with up to 50,000 FWHM, <1 ppm mass accuracy, and 200 spectra/s. Pegasus GC-HRT+ delivers unmatched sensitivity and confident identification in complex samples.

Now with even higher sensitivity, the Pegasus GC-HRT+ is designed to meet the most demanding analytical challenges. This high-performance GC-TOFMS delivers industry-leading mass accuracy, full-range acquisition at exceptional speed, precise isotopic abundance, and ultra-high mass resolution—all within a single injection.Folded Flight Path (FFP) technology combined with a novel data acquisition system enables up to 50,000 FWHM resolution, &lt;1 ppm mass accuracy, and acquisition rates up to 200 spectra/s, supporting rich analyte discovery and high-confidence identification in highly complex samples.<h3>Key features</h3><ul><li>Mass accuracy ≤1 ppm with peak capacity at least 2× higher than conventional MS platforms</li><li>Encoded Frequent Pushing (EFP) for markedly increased sensitivity, expanded dynamic range, and wide mass range</li><li>Folded Flight Path (FFP) technology for ultra-high resolution, enhanced sensitivity, and advanced TOF focusing</li><li>KADAS® ion-statistics-based acquisition to reduce noise, ensure mass accuracy, and minimize file size</li><li>Ultra High Resolution + HRD to resolve highly isobaric ions (mass differences ~0.02 amu)</li><li>Multi-Mode Source (MMS): EI, Positive CI, and ECNI in one system</li></ul><h3>Models</h3><ul><li>Pegasus GC-HRT+ – Full-scale GC-TOFMS</li></ul><h3>Options</h3><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/82">L-PAL3 Automated Sample Injector</a></li></ul>

LECO Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D

High-resolution GC×GC-TOFMS system combining extreme separation power, up to 200 spectra/s acquisition, and advanced HR deconvolution for confident identification of unknowns in complex samples.

The Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D from LECO combines comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) and advanced High-Resolution Deconvolution (HRD). Designed for the most complex sample matrices, the system enables detection, separation, and confident identification of more analytes than ever before. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/41">ChromaTOF® software</a>, purpose-built for HRT+ instrumentation and GC×GC workflows, integrates advanced qualitative and quantitative tools into a single, user-friendly data system.<h3>Key Features</h3><ul><li>Compact benchtop design that saves valuable laboratory space</li><li>Industry-leading sensitivity with proprietary deconvolution algorithms for clean, high-quality spectra</li><li>High acquisition speed up to 200 spectra/s to properly define ultra-narrow GC×GC peaks (&lt;200 ms)</li><li>Complete historical mass-spectral record retained for future data mining and reprocessing</li><li>Proven Pegasus reliability and durability in a modern, space-efficient format</li></ul><h3>GC×GC Performance Explained</h3>GC×GC achieves exceptionally high peak capacity by trapping compounds eluting from the first column and reinjecting them into a second column for rapid secondary separation. These second-dimension separations occur within seconds, producing extremely narrow peaks that demand very high spectral acquisition rates. The Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D meets and exceeds this requirement, enabling robust spectral deconvolution and confident compound identification in highly complex samples.<h3>Available Configurations</h3><ul><li>Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D with Liquid Nitrogen Thermal Modulator</li><li>Pegasus GC-HRT+ 4D with Cryogen-Free Modulator</li></ul><h3>Optional Accessories</h3><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/82">L-PAL3 Autosampler</a></li></ul>

LECO Chemical Ionization Source

Accurate-mass chemical ionization (HR-CI) for the Pegasus GC-HRT+ enables confident molecular ion confirmation, improved EI library matches, and reliable elemental formula generation for unknown compounds.

Confirm your unknowns with accurate mass chemical ionization (HR-CI), a new option for the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/38">Pegasus GC-HRT+</a>. The Pegasus GC-HRT+ is available with both electron ionization (EI) and HR-CI sources, offering you the option of comparison with classical library spectra (EI) and superior preservation of the molecular ion (HR-CI).<h3>Benefits of Positive ion Chemical Ionization</h3><ul><li>Confirmation of molecular ions</li><li>More confidence in EI library matches</li><li>Propose chemical formulae for unknown or novel compounds</li><li>Reduce possible formulae with accurate mass data</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/LECO_Chemical_Ionization_Source_bb19256163.jpg" alt="LECO Chemical Ionization Source" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_LECO_Chemical_Ionization_Source_bb19256163.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1696" height="644">The spectral transformations illustrated above compare and - . The left side is an example from a mouse liver extract,EI HR CI where soft ionization allows for confident confirmation of a marker in glycemic variability for individuals with type 2 diabetes. The right side demonstrates how - is ideal for forensic drug analysis, as drugs are constantly evolving andHR CI often not present in commercially available libraries.<h3>Standard Features</h3><ul><li>Benzophenone 1 pg sensitivity</li><li>Automated reagent gas flow optimization</li><li>Support for standard CI gases: methane, isobutane, and ammonia, PLUS “choose your own”</li><li>Uncompromised MS performance: speed, accuracy and resolution all at the same time, regardless of intensity</li></ul>

Products focused on GC/MSD from LECO distributed by LECO Instrumente Plzeň - page 1

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