<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 20th October 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you applicaton notes by <strong>Agilent Technologies, EST Analytical, Shimadzu </strong>and <strong>Thermo Fisher Scientific!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: FAMEs Analysis of Oils by GC-FID Coupled with Fully Automated Sample Preparation using a PAL3 Series 2 RTC</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_fame_oil_gc_pal3_5994_8543en_agilent_418da94d17.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>The analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) is a widely used technique for characterizing lipid profiles in various food products, including oils, meats, and seeds. Fats are composed of a complex mixture of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, each with varying carbon chain lengths.2 This type of analysis is routinely performed in governmental, quality control (QC), and contract research laboratories worldwide. The resulting data often informs product labeling. Among the analytical techniques available, gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) is one of the most common methods for determining fatty acid composition in&nbsp;foods.&nbsp;</p><p>This application note describes the use of automated sample preparation and analysis of FAMEs using the PAL3 Series&nbsp;2 RTC Autosampler system coupled with Agilent 8890 GC system equipped with an FID. The results shown here focus on two different methods of derivatization for FAMEs extraction: (1) base catalyzed reactions using potassium hydroxide (KOH) (part&nbsp;number M5795-14000) and (2) base plus acid catalyzed reactions using boron trifluoride (BF3 ) 1 (part number M5795-14001). For ease of use, both processes have been transcribed into dedicated sample preparation methods. These methods are part of the Agilent automated sample preparation workflow suite of solutions. These workflows improve process safety, optimizes throughput, and minimizes&nbsp;errors.</p><h4><strong>Experimental&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The 37 component FAME mix standard was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (part number CRM47885), and three consumer oil products were purchased from a local grocery store. The samples were prepared and injected into the GC using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=PAL3"><strong>PAL3 Series 2-RTC system</strong></a>. The analysis was performed using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8890+GC"><strong>8890 GC</strong></a> equipped with an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=DB%E2%80%91FastFAME"><strong>Agilent DB‑FastFAME GC column</strong></a>, 30&nbsp;m × 250 µm, 0.25&nbsp;µm, (part number G3903‑63011) and configured with an FID using Agilent&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=OpenLab+CDS+v2.7"><strong>OpenLab CDS v2.7+</strong></a>.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>In summary, the current study demonstrated excellent reproducibility and accuracy using automated sample preparation and analysis of FAMEs. Two different sample preparation methods were demonstrated, both delivering comparable and reliable results. The base-catalyzed method enables rapid analysis but is not suitable for samples containing free fatty acids. In contrast, the acid-catalyzed method, while more extensive, is compatible with a broader range of lipid classes, including free fatty acids, phosphoglycerides, and triglycerides. The Agilent automated sample preparation workflow suite of solutions deliver a comprehensive package by combining preconfigured hardware, optimized analytical methods, and the necessary consumables to ensure efficient and reliable results.</p><h3><strong>2. EST Analytical: Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3 for USEPA Method 524.3 and 524.4</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Purge_and_Trap_Unregulated_Contaminant_Monitoring_Rule_3_for_USEPA_Method_524_3_and_524_4_b774e6ab4c.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>The third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 3) was finalized in April of 2012. UCMR 3 requires public water systems to monitor for a specific list of 30 contaminants under three separate lists: list one, assessment monitoring, list two, screening survey, and list three, pre-screen testing. This application note will address the volatile organic compounds found in list one, assessment monitoring contaminants. USEPA Method 524.3 and 524.4 will be the methods evaluated for sampling and analysis.</p><h4><strong>Discussion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) require the EPA to list no more than 30 unregulated contaminants to be monitored by public water systems. Every five years, this list needs to be updated. List one contaminants include seven volatile organic compounds to be analyzed by USEPA Method 524.3. The detection limits for these compounds are much lower; therefore, Single Ion Monitoring (SIM) must be used for compound detection. USEPA Method 524.3 and 524.4 allow for modification of purge and trap parameters in order to take advantage of purge and trap improvements. Thus, method parameters can be modified in order to optimize purge and trap cycle times. Since the purge and trap parameters were established for these methods previously, refer to application note Drinking Water Analysis Conditions for USEPA Method 524.3 and the Newly Proposed Method 524.4, purge and trap method development was not required for this application. For this study, Helium and Nitrogen purge gases were compared utilizing the same purge volume then comparing experimental results for the linearity, precision, accuracy and overall compound response for the low level requirements set by UCMR 3.&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Experimental&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/2160"><strong>EST Analytical Encon Evolution purge and trap concentrator</strong></a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/2159"><strong>Centurion WS autosampler </strong></a>were interfaced to an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7890%2F5975"><strong>Agilent 7890/5975 GC/MS</strong></a>. The purge and trap concentrator was configured with a Vocarb 3000 (K) analytical trap. A chiller unit capable of keeping the sample vials cooled below 10°C was installed on the Centurion WS autosampler. The experimental parameters are listed in Tables 1 and 2.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><p>The Encon Evolution and Centurion WS in conjunction with the Agilent 7890/5975 GC/MS performed very well using both the Helium and Nitrogen purge gases and employing SIM for compound detection. The Nitrogen and the Helium purge gases met USEPA Method 524.3 curve linearity criteria and produced comparable results for precision and accuracy at the low and mid-levels of the calibration curve. Overall, the principal difference between the two purge gases was exhibited in the compound response. When examining the overall compound response factors over the curve range, it is evident that the analytes’ responses are slightly lower with the Nitrogen purge gas as opposed to the Helium purge gas.</p><h3><strong>3. Shimadzu: Comparison of Metabolites in Rice from Different Production Areas Using GC-MS/MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01000_en_9c1d7cfe70.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Metabolomics is a research method for comprehensively analyzing metabolites contained in an organism. It is used for a wide variety of fields, such as medical science and food. Because food quality is affected by many components complexly, comprehensive analysis of metabolites can help improve food development and manufacturing processes. Rice contains metabolites, such as sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids. In recent years, development of more flavorful rice has been studied.&nbsp;</p><p>This article describes simultaneous analysis of 502 metabolites and multivariate analysis of a variety of rice from different production areas. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-TQ8040+NX"><strong>GCMS-TQ8040 NX</strong></a> with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Smart+Metabolites+Database+ver.+2"><strong>Smart Metabolites Database Ver. 2</strong></a> was used for measurement. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=LabSolutions+Insight"><strong>LabSolutions Insight </strong></a>was used for data processing, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=eMSTAT+Solution"><strong>eMSTAT Solution</strong></a> was used for multivariate analysis. The process flow, from pretreatment to data analysis, is shown in Fig. 1.</p><h4><strong>eMSTAT Solution&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>eMSTAT Solution is statistical analysis software that enables multivariate and discriminant analysis of chromatogram data. For multivariate analysis, it can discriminate between samples, and it can search for the marker peaks that contribute to those differences. For discriminant analysis, it can create a discriminant model based on training data and use the model for discriminant analysis. Users can easily switch both modes with just a single click. Workflow of the data analysis is shown in Fig. 2.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Metabolites in same variety of rice from different production areas were analyzed, and the differences between samples were identified by multivariate analysis. Score plots were used to visualize differences between the samples, and loading plots were used to confirm the characteristic compounds. Smart Metabolites Database Ver. 2, LabSolutions Insight, and eMSTAT Solution make metabolites analysis, data processing, and multivariate analysis easy for beginner users.</p><h3><strong>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Automated, multi-parameter gasoline characterization using GC-VUV and ASTM D8071</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003957_gc_vuv_trace_1610_vga_industrial_an003957_na_en_3c0a64e3b2.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Gasoline is a complex hydrocarbon blend whose composition directly impacts combustion behavior, emissions, and regulatory compliance. Accurately quantifying components such as aromatics, olefins, ethanol, and benzene is critical, but traditional ASTM methods require multiple techniques (FIA, GC-FID, GC-MS, etc.) to measure all relevant parameters. Table 1 summarizes several test methods and their respective scopes.&nbsp;</p><p>ASTM D8071 introduces a consolidated method using GC-VUV, offering improved precision, spectral resolution, and reduced operational burden. This approach is now recognized as an EPA- and CARB-approved alternative to several legacy test methods, including ASTM D1319, D5599, D5769, and D3606.</p><h4><strong>Experimental&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Gasoline samples were analyzed on the VUV Analyzer Platform for Fuels with no sample preparation required. The VUV Analyzer consists of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/486"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1610 gas chromatograph</strong></a> coupled to the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=VGA-100"><strong>VGA-100™ spectrometer detector </strong></a>(VUV Analytics, Inc.).&nbsp;</p><p>Data are acquired and processed with the VUVision™ Software and VUV Analyze™ Software (VUV Analytics, Inc), respectively, specifically configured to run ASTM D8071.&nbsp;</p><h5><strong>Workflow overview&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>The VUV Analyzer Platform for Fuels performs gasoline PIONA class analysis using a streamlined five-step workflow:&nbsp;</p><ol><li>System validation – Verifies instrument performance using standard hydrocarbons.&nbsp;</li><li>Sample prep – No preparation required.&nbsp;</li><li>Data acquisition – Performed using VUVision Software.&nbsp;</li><li>Spectral matching – Automated deconvolution with VUV Analyze Software.&nbsp;</li><li>Quantitation – Volume % and mass % calculated with high accuracy using built-in response factors and density data.</li></ol><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>GC-VUV with ASTM D8071 enables complete hydrocarbon group and compound-level analysis of gasoline in a single method. Its ability to automate spectral deconvolution and report mass and volume percentages simplifies operations while meeting strict compliance standards. This solution not only enhances analytical accuracy and repeatability but also drastically reduces operating costs and lab complexity.&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Short analysis time with full gasoline class and compound profiling in 34 minutes&nbsp;</li><li>Faster throughput with full automation from injection to reporting&nbsp;</li><li>12× lower cost-per-analysis, due to reduced labor, no calibration standards, and consolidated workflow</li></ul>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 43, 2025

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 29th December 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application notes by <strong>Agilent Technologies </strong>and<strong> Shimadzu!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Analysis Using the Agilent 8850 GC System</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_fame_analysis_8850_gc_5994_8743en_agilent_2bed33b70d.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Fatty acids are components of fat and are an essential component of a healthy diet. They are found in a variety of foods, including oily fish, nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils. Fatty acids can be categorized as saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat (including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids), and trans fat. Unsaturated fatty acids play a beneficial role in maintaining heart and vascular performance. However, artificial trans fatty acids, found in processed foods, should be strictly limited. The measurement of fatty acids in food plays an important role in:</p><ul><li><strong>Nutritional assessment: </strong>Analyzing the omega-3/omega-6 ratio for dietary nutrient balance&nbsp;</li><li><strong>Safety regulation: </strong>Identifying health risks such as trans fatty acids&nbsp;</li><li><strong>Quality control: </strong>Detecting oil adulteration and process&nbsp;defects&nbsp;</li><li><strong>R&amp;D support:</strong> Providing data support for the development of functional foods&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Techniques available for fatty acid determination in food include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and spectroscopic techniques. Each technique has its own advantages, disadvantages, and applicable scenarios. For example, liquid chromatography is suitable for analyzing heat-labile fatty acids, but it suffers from low resolution. Fluorescence spectroscopy is simple to operate but susceptible to matrix effects and poor specificity. Gas chromatography is the most used technique for fatty acid measurement. Fatty acids in food primarily exist in the form of triglycerides. Before analysis, triglycerides must be extracted, saponified, and methylated to the corresponding FAMEs. FAMEs are less polar and more volatile than fatty acids, making them suitable for analysis on gas chromatography platforms. Polar columns, such as those with polyethylene glycol and cyanopropyl siloxane stationary phases, are primarily used for the FAMEs analysis. Polyethylene glycol stationary phases are good at analyzing simple fatty acid mixtures and are not suitable for the analysis of cis-trans isomers. A column coated with high‑content cyanopropyl phase is recommended in different analytical methods for FAMEs analysis. However, an analysis based on this phase type usually takes more than 70 minutes to finish, and the retention time (RT) stability is not very good. The Agilent J&amp;W DB-FastFAME column features a modified cyanopropyl phase to accelerate the analysis and improve&nbsp;repeatability.&nbsp;</p><p>Agilent offers DB-FastFAME columns in different dimensions; the 20-meter and 30-meter sizes can help improve the analysis speed for 37 representative FAMEs in food. Previous work demonstrated the analysis speed improvement using the conventional oven ramp rate on the two columns.<sup>1</sup> With the launch of the Agilent 8850 GC, rapid temperature programming can be achieved in an air bath oven. This application note demonstrates the fast analysis of 37 FAMEs using nitrogen (N2 ) and helium (He) carrier gases on the 8850&nbsp;GC. Meanwhile, more complex FAME mixtures including 37&nbsp;FAMEs and 15 trans FAMEs were analyzed on a 90-meter DB-FastFAME column and a 100-meter Agilent J&amp;W HP-88 column to demonstrate the 8850 GC performance in cis/trans FAMEs and position isomers analysis.</p><h4><strong>Experimental</strong></h4><h5><strong>Instrumentation&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8850+GC"><strong>8850 GC system </strong></a>equipped with a split/splitless inlet and a flame ionization detector (FID) was used for the analysis. An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7650A"><strong>Agilent 7650A automatic liquid sampler (ALS)</strong></a> (part&nbsp;number&nbsp;G4567A) was applied for sample injection.&nbsp;</p><p>The methods performed on the four analytical columns using He and N2 carrier gases are listed in Table 1. The settings on inlet and detector temperatures are the same. The column head pressure and the oven temperature program were optimized based on the column type and carrier gas. Data were acquired and processed using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=OpenLab+CDS"><strong>Agilent OpenLab CDS</strong></a> 2.8. The list of consumables used is shown in Table 2.</p><h4><strong>Results and discussion&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Fast analysis of 37 fatty acid methyl esters on short&nbsp;columns&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>The 37 FAMEs mimic the fatty acid composition of many food samples, including most of the important saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAMEs. They are well‑established and widely accepted reference materials.&nbsp;</p><p>A 20 m × 0.18 mm&nbsp;id, 0.2&nbsp;µm DB-FastFAME&nbsp;column and a 30&nbsp;m × 0.25 mm&nbsp;id, 0.25 µm DB-FastFAME&nbsp;column were used to demonstrate the high-speed analysis of 37 FAMEs on the 8850 GC. The oven ramp program and column flow rate were based on previous work and further optimized for the 8850 GC. Both He and N2 carrier gas-based methods were developed considering the increasing alternative carrier gas need and lab operation habits in different regions.&nbsp;</p><p>The GC-FID chromatograms obtained on the two columns using different carrier gases are shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B. All compounds were well resolved in the He methods. Three compound pairs that cannot be baseline-separated are shown in black squares. Among them, the peaks of c22:2n6 and c23:0 had the lowest resolution of 1.27 and 1.31 on the 20-meter and 30-meter columns, respectively, using the He method. The AOAC International Method 996.062 requires separating the FAME pair of adjacent peaks of C18:3 and C20:1 and the FAME trio of adjacent peaks of C22:1, C20:3, and C20:4 with a resolution of 1.0 or greater. This requirement is mainly recommended for high-content cyanopropyl 4 stationary phases. The six probe FAMEs eluted in different orders on the DB-FastFAME column, as marked by the yellow squares in the chromatogram. Their separation exceeded the resolution requirement easily due to the DB-FastFAME column's unique selectivity. The analysis times of the He methods were less than 7 minutes and 10 minutes on the two columns. The analysis speed was five to eight times faster than that of conventional methods.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>A high-speed FAMEs analysis was achieved on an Agilent&nbsp;8850 GC system with excellent repeatability when running the FAMEs standards on specially engineered 20-meter and 30-meter Agilent J&amp;W DB-FastFAME columns under optimized oven programs. The analysis time is less than 10&nbsp;minutes using He carrier gas and less than 15&nbsp;minutes using N2 carrier gas, which is five to eight times faster than the conventional method. Peak resolutions obtained by the fast methods met the AOAC 996.06 standard requirements. The methods can help improve lab productivity significantly for routine analysis of 37 FAMEs.&nbsp;</p><p>The analysis of 52 FAMEs on 90-meter DB-FastFAME and 100-meter Agilent J&amp;W HP-88 columns demonstrated that the 8850 GC can deliver performance equivalent to the Agilent 8890 GC system when analyzing complex fatty acids—including cis/trans fatty acids and positional isomers— in terms of resolution, area repeatability (&lt; 2.5%), and RT&nbsp;precision (&lt; 0.04%).</p><h3><strong>2. Shimadzu: Quantification of 8 Disinfection Byproducts from Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Gas Chromatography-MassSpectrometry</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_07_2507_en_52b8f30f0c.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Disinfectants such as chlorine and chloramine are widely used to eliminate microorganisms in water. However, these disinfectants react with naturally occurring chemical constituents, such as amino acids and other labile organic chemicals, forming a range of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Chronic exposure to DBPs elevates the risk of developing cancer, liver damage, and decreased nervous system activity. Hence, accurate detection and quantification of DBPs in water is crucial.&nbsp;</p><p>Although official recommended method for measuring DBPs is based on GC/ECD, GC/MS offers significant advantages in terms of simultaneous quantification and identification of both known and unknown compounds in a single analysis, providing comprehensive data on complex water samples. Unlike ECD, which has a limited dynamic range and can only detect electroactive compounds, MS offers a broader dynamic range, allowing the detection of analytes at varying concentrations. Additionally, GC/MS provides superior sensitivity, specificity, and structural information, making it the ideal method for detailed, high-precision analysis of disinfection byproducts and other water contaminants.</p><h4><strong>2.2. Analytical Conditions</strong></h4><h5><strong>Preparation of instrument and analysis:</strong></h5><p>The analytical method was established, and the instrument parameters are detailed in Table 1. Prior to the analysis, both the instrument and the column were conditioned. The “HighSensitivity” autotune mode of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-QP2020+NX"><strong>GCMS-QP2020 NX</strong></a> was used for the analysis. A standard solution containing 500 ppb of the target analytes, surrogate, and internal standard was injected using the MS fullscan mode to determine the retention times.</p><p>The peaks corresponding to the target compounds, internal standard, and surrogate were identified using the NIST GC/MS library. Quantifier and qualifier ions for each analyte were selected, and a compound table was created accordingly and the same was used to develop a Scan/SIM method using the “Creation of Automatic Scan/SIM Table” (COAST) wizard within the GCMSsolutionTM software. The ultra-fast scanning capability (20,000 u/s) of the GCMS-QP2020 NX enables simultaneous acquisition of Scan and SIM events without compromising data quality.&nbsp;</p><p>The newly created Scan/SIM method was used for the quantification and reporting of analytical data. Calibration standards were analyzed. The data and the calibration curve, using the internal standard method, were processed using LabSolutions InsightTM software which enables the analysis of large numbers of data simultaneously. Following this, both the unspiked and spiked (5 ppb) samples were analyzed and quantified.</p><h4><strong>3. Result and Discussion</strong></h4><p>A 6-point calibration curve was created for all target analytes. A good linear response, with correlation coefficients (r²) greater than 0.99, and accuracy within 80-120% was observed for all analytes. A signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≥ 10 was observed for all analytes at 5 ppb standard. The results are shown in Table 2.</p><h4><strong>4. Conclusion</strong></h4><ul><li>A highly sensitive GC/MS method was developed for 8 halogenated DBPs using Shimadzu GCMS-QP2020 NX following USEPA 551.1 sample preparation protocol.&nbsp;</li><li>Excellent linearity results and recovery results at 5.0 ppb concentration for all the analytes demonstrate that the analytical workflow is suitable for analyzing the listed DBPs in tap water using GC/MS technique at a low concentration level.</li></ul>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 53, 2025

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 26th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you brochure by <strong>Agilent Technologies </strong>and application notes by<strong> BaySpec, Metrohm </strong>and<strong> Shimadzu!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Maintain Power Grid Integrity - Agilent transformer oil gas analyzers</strong></h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/br_toga_gc_analyzer_5994_8705en_agilent_82106c7de8.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Agilent transformer oil gas analyzers (TOGA) are designed to help utilities and service laboratories maintain power grid integrity by monitoring the condition of electrical transformers through dissolved gas analysis (DGA). Transformer oil degrades under electrical, thermal, and mechanical stress, generating characteristic gases whose composition and ratios provide early warning of developing faults. By reliably identifying and quantifying these gases, TOGA systems enable predictive maintenance, help prevent catastrophic transformer failures, and support informed asset management decisions.</p><p>The analyzers are built around the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8890"><strong>Agilent 8890 gas chromatograph</strong></a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8697"><strong>8697 headspace sampler</strong></a> and are factory-configured, tested, and performance-verified for immediate deployment. They support ASTM D3612 methods A and C, offering flexible configurations for vacuum extraction or headspace sampling. Automated operation allows unattended analysis of up to 120 samples, while high-performance Agilent J&amp;W PLOT columns ensure excellent separation, reproducibility, and reliable detection of key fault gases such as hydrogen, carbon oxides, methane, ethylene, acetylene, and higher hydrocarbons.</p><p>Agilent TOGA systems are delivered as complete workflow solutions, minimizing method development time and accelerating system validation. Intelligent instrument diagnostics, microchannel-based electronic pneumatic control, and remote access capabilities improve reliability, uptime, and ease of operation. Integrated quality-control procedures—from factory testing through on-site installation—ensure consistent performance and traceability from day one.</p><p>Data acquisition, analysis, and reporting are supported by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=OpenLab+CDS"><strong>OpenLab CDS</strong></a>, which provides a unified platform with high data integrity, streamlined workflows, and secure records management. Combined with Agilent’s extensive service, training, and support offerings, TOGA analyzers represent a robust, future-ready solution for dissolved gas analysis in transformer oil, helping protect critical energy infrastructure while reducing operational risk</p><h3><strong>2. BaySpec: Drug Screening using Compact Portable Device for Supervised Injection Sites</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Bay_Spec_App_Note_Drug_Screening_Using_Portable_Mass_Spectrometer_for_Supervised_Injection_Sites_5d1c131cec.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>In response to the rising epidemic, some governments have passed bills making supervised injection sites (SIS) a potential avenue for reducing the rate of drug overdoses. SISs are health care facilities where staff are trained to provide health education, support and connections to services as well as intervening in serious adverse events such as drug overdoses. They provide a safe, hygienic and non-judgement environment in which individuals may consume illicit drugs without fear of arrest.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>The benefits of SIS are to:&nbsp;</strong></p><p>(1) prevent an overdose from becoming fatal through quick intervention, (2) reduce the frequency of public injection and publicly discarded syringes, (3) increase access to health services including substance use treatment, and (4) change behaviors associated with acquiring HIV and hepatitis.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>The benefits of drug checking services within an SIS are:&nbsp;</strong></p><p>(1) it provides the consumer information about the contents of their drugs prior to consumption allowing them take steps to reduce their risk of overdose, (2) it identifies when a highly toxic substance may be in the local drug supply so advisories can be issued to local service agencies and first responders, (3) it encourages use of supervised injection services and the benefits mentioned above, and (4) it detects novel substances or drug combinations that may impact the consumer.&nbsp;</p><p>Initially approved by the Canadian federal government in 2017, the nation now has four official SISs in operation in Ottawa and four sites approved in Toronto. While most SISs are prepared to respond quickly to overdoses, a better practice is to screen drugs for harmful impurities prior to injection. Some SISs are taking such precautions by providing the option for clients to test their drugs prior to injection with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/2219"><strong>BaySpec’s Portability Mass Spectrometer</strong></a>, a low maintenance, cost effective, portable instrument weighing only 20 pounds.</p><h3><strong>3. Metrohm: Assessment of chocolate with Raman spectroscopy</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_rs_052_download_a849b96c87.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>Rapid quality control of different chocolate types&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Application Note AN-RS-052 In 2024, the global chocolate market was valued at approximately $131 billion USD. It is projected to reach approximately $173 billion by 2030, implying a steady growth rate of roughly 4% [1]. This growth is driven by sustained consumer demand and is expected to continue rising.&nbsp;</p><p>Spectroscopy is increasingly utilized in chocolate manufacturing for quality control (QC), thanks to its ability to assess the composition of chocolate, providing a «fingerprint» spectrum that reveals its chemical details. Specifically, Raman can be used in QC to distinguish between types of chocolate, detect adulteration, measure crystallization and texture, and monitor the manufacturing process.&nbsp;</p><p>This Application Note outlines techniques for effectively collecting Raman spectra from various chocolates, providing a foundation for quality assessment and adulteration detection.</p><h4><strong>METHOD&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Raman data collection with an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=i-Raman+NxG+1064"><strong>i-Raman NxG 1064 </strong></a>laboratory Raman system (Figure 2) was optimized by adjusting integration time and laser power (Table 3) to determine the best conditions to maximize signal strength and minimize risk of sample melting.</p><p>All chocolate samples were analyzed by placing a piece of chocolate on the stage with a Raman probe securely locked above the sample (Figure 3). The optimal working distance was determined by adjusting the probe’s z-axis position while continuously monitoring the intensity of the Raman signal. Once the optimal focal distance is found, a distance regulator helps the operator position the probe on the sample to ensure consistent and reliable measurement.</p><h4><strong>CONCLUSION</strong></h4><p>This study highlights the capability of Raman spectroscopy for rapid, nondestructive measurements of chocolate quality indicators. PLS models demonstrate high predictive accuracy for both cocoarelated materials and sugar content. Increasing the number of samples and testing a broader range of chocolates would further improve the robustness and accuracy of the model. Overall, Raman spectroscopy, combined with chemometric modeling, offers a reliable QC method for routine and real-time chocolate analysis.</p><h3><strong>4. Shimadzu: Analysis of Acetaldehyde and Limonene in Recycled PET Using an HS-GCMS System (Carrier Gas: H2)</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00760_en_4ecf93333d.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>User Benefits</strong></h4><ul><li>The gas released from the polymer can be easily measured without dissolving the polymer in a solvent, by using a headspace sampler (HS).&nbsp;</li><li>Using an HS-GC/MS system enables qualitative and quantitative analysis of target components in samples with a large number of contaminants that make it difficult to differentiate the targets from other components.&nbsp;</li><li>Analysis costs can be reduced by using hydrogen as a carrier gas, which is more affordable and readily available than helium</li></ul><p>Plastic is lightweight, strong, waterproof, and very convenient, making it an essential part of our modern lives. On the other hand, because it is a major contributor to environmental issues, such as ocean pollution and global warming, measures to reduce plastic usage are being undertaken in countries around the world. 1)&nbsp;</p><p>In Japan, the Plastic Resource Circulation Promotion Act2) came into effect in April 2022. The act does not regulate plastic but rather promotes the establishment of a sustainable circular economy by encouraging collaboration among businesses, local governments, and consumers throughout the overall process of designing, manufacturing, selling, collecting, and recycling plastic products.&nbsp;</p><p>One of these initiatives is the recycling of PET bottles for beverage use. When recycling beverage bottles, residual odors can be an issue, with substances like acetaldehyde from water bottles and limonene from citrus beverages known to persist in the containers. To address these residual substances, recycling companies are implementing unique strategies, one of which involves using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify the residual materials. In this article, we present an example of qualitative and quantitative analysis of aldehydes and limonene in PET bottles using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-QP2020+NX"><strong>GCMS-QP2020 NX</strong></a>/HS-20 NX, with hydrogen (H2) as the carrier gas.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><p>By using hydrogen (H2) gas as the carrier gas, we were able to avoid the use of the hard-to-obtain helium gas. Additionally, by employing an HS-GC-MS system, we could qualitatively and quantitatively analyze acetaldehyde and limonene from PET without the need for cumbersome pretreatment.</p>

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