<p><strong>Concerns about injecting water into a GC system largely come from older column designs, where stationary phases were simply coated and could be affected by water exposure. Modern capillary columns are typically chemically bonded, which improves resistance to water injections and even supports water rinsing in many cases.</strong></p><p>One practical exception involves <strong>very polar polyethylene glycol </strong>(PEG / “wax”) phases. Because these phases strongly interact with water, repeated aqueous injections can allow water to accumulate and gradually shift selectivity. For many PEG-based columns, minimizing frequent water injections helps maintain consistent performance.</p><p>A separate—and often more important—issue is water’s<strong> very large vapor expansion in a hot inlet</strong>. If the vapor volume exceeds the inlet liner capacity, backflash can occur, sending sample vapor into cooler, unheated zones and increasing the risk of carryover. Using smaller injection volumes helps reduce this risk.</p><p>In workflows where water is the<strong> sample matrix </strong>(for example, volatile analysis), analytes may elute at relatively low oven temperatures while water and higher-boiling residues can linger. Periodic bake-off (high-temperature cleanup steps) is commonly used to restore column performance when water remains on the phase at low temperatures.</p><p>In summary, the biggest hesitation about water injections is rooted in legacy, coated column stories. With chemically bonded phases, the key considerations tend to be inlet expansion/backflash behavior, water retention on very polar phases, and routine maintenance practices like bake-out.</p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1571"><strong>Zebron ZB-WAX</strong><i><strong>PLUS</strong></i><strong> GC Columns</strong></a></h4><ul><li>100% aqueous stable, excellent for aqueous samples; bonded and solvent rinseable</li><li>Extremely inert for acidic compounds</li><li>Enhanced selectivity for low boiling solvents; high retention of alcohols and chlorinated solvents</li><li>Increased efficiency at 20&nbsp;°C</li></ul></blockquote>

Water in GC: Safe or Risky? Here’s What You Need to Know

<p><strong>🎤 Presenter:</strong> <strong>Paul-Albert Schneide </strong>(University of Copenhagen)</p><p>💾 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/32780"><strong>PDF presentation</strong></a></p><h3><strong>Abstract</strong></h3><p><strong>Tensor decomposition methods such as PARAFAC and PARAFAC2 have been proposed for resolving co-elutions, and extracting purified spectra in two-dimensional chromatography datasets. However, the application of these methods is usually restricted to local regions-of-interest (ROIs). Therefore, additional pre-processing steps, are required and processing multiple samples at once can be difficult due to retention time shifts (e.g., it is difficult to define a ROI that captures the same analyse signal in multiple samples).</strong></p><p>This work presents an application of fast, shift-invariant tensor decomposition, which was used for the decomposition of full-scale GCxGC-VUV datasets. The results show that chemical groups can be resolved, which are non-separable with conventional, template-based approaches, such as aliphates and olefines, Furthermore, the extracted peak areas are in good agreement with the quantitative results of the reference methods (e.g., bromine number for olefines).</p><h2><strong>Video Transcription</strong></h2><h3><strong>Background and Motivation</strong></h3><p>The project originated from a collaboration initiated by Alexandra Alvich from IFPEN, who approached Prof. Rasmus Bro’s research group at the University of Copenhagen for help analyzing a GC×GC-VUV dataset acquired during her PhD research. The work was then continued by Paul-Albert Schneider and Jesper Henri from the Technical University of Denmark.</p><p>The primary objective was to develop a simpler and less manually intensive approach for petrochemical group quantification while maintaining strong quantitative performance and spectral interpretability.</p><p>According to Schneider, the proposed method is based on two key principles:</p><ul><li>Simple implementation with a minimal number of tuning parameters</li><li>Accurate estimation of peak patterns, VUV spectra, and peak areas</li></ul><p>The workflow specifically targets group-level petrochemical analysis rather than individual compound identification.</p><h3><strong>Data Analysis Workflow</strong></h3><p>The presented workflow begins with a collection of GC×GC-VUV measurements. In this study, the researchers analyzed:</p><ul><li>14 gas oil samples</li><li>24 total measurements, including replicates</li><li>Samples processed using different treatment methods</li></ul><p>Initial preprocessing was performed using a dedicated plug-in module developed during Alexandra Alvich’s PhD work. The preprocessing included:</p><ul><li>Signal smoothing</li><li>Downsampling</li><li>Basic data conditioning</li></ul><p>The processed data were then submitted to the decomposition engine developed by the Copenhagen research group. The decomposition produced:</p><ul><li>Resolved VUV spectra</li><li>GC×GC chromatographic landscapes</li><li>Peak areas or peak volumes</li></ul><p>An in-house spectral library from IFPEN was subsequently used to verify that the extracted spectra corresponded to known petrochemical groups, enabling group-level quantitative analysis.</p><p>Importantly, the workflow currently requires only a single major tuning parameter: the number of components used in the decomposition model. The researchers also noted ongoing efforts to automate this selection step.</p><h3><strong>Comparison with Existing Template-Based Methods</strong></h3><p>The study benchmarked the new approach against Alexandra Alvich’s previously developed template-based quantification method.</p><p>In the template-based workflow:</p><ul><li>Elution regions are predefined using a grid structure</li><li>Peak intensities within those regions are summed</li><li>Quantitative estimates are obtained for specific petrochemical classes</li></ul><p>Although the template-based strategy demonstrated strong performance compared with other analytical techniques, Schneider highlighted several limitations:</p><ul><li>Sensitivity to retention time shifts</li><li>Manual adjustment of integration regions</li><li>Dependence on prior knowledge of coeluting compounds</li></ul><p>The new decomposition-based method was designed to reduce manual intervention and improve robustness against chromatographic variability.</p><h3><strong>Shift-Invariant Trilinear Decomposition</strong></h3><p>The proposed workflow is conceptually related to PARAFAC and multivariate curve resolution methods.</p><p>One important advantage of GC×GC-VUV data is the applicability of the Beer–Lambert law, which enables mathematically structured decomposition approaches.</p><p>The researchers evaluated two possible strategies:</p><ol><li>Decomposing each sample individually</li><li>Decomposing all samples simultaneously after concatenation into one large dataset</li></ol><p>The second strategy became the central focus of the work. Multiple samples were concatenated into a large matrix and factorized to extract shared chemical information across all measurements simultaneously.</p><p>Unlike many conventional GC×GC deconvolution pipelines, the workflow does not rely on a prior region-of-interest detection step. Instead, the entire dataset is decomposed directly.</p><h3><strong>Addressing Retention Time Shifts</strong></h3><p>A critical challenge for PARAFAC-type models is the assumption of strict trilinearity. In GC×GC datasets, however, second-dimension retention time shifts caused by temperature programming violate this assumption.</p><p>Schneider demonstrated how standard one-component PARAFAC models fail to properly model shifted peaks, leaving characteristic residual patterns. When fitting additional components, conventional models often allocate extra components to describing peak shifts instead of resolving true coeluting compounds.</p><p>The shift-invariant model solves this issue by explicitly accounting for chromatographic shifts. As a result:</p><ul><li>Large shifted peaks are modeled correctly</li><li>Residuals are minimized</li><li>Small coeluting peaks become resolvable</li></ul><p>The algorithm uses fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based operations internally to correct for chromatographic shifts efficiently.</p><p>According to the presentation, the approach is also significantly faster than PARAFAC2, which is commonly used for shifted datasets.</p><p>The researchers additionally described extensions of the model that can accommodate:</p><ul><li>Retention time shifts</li><li>Peak shape variations</li><li>Additional flexibility without losing uniqueness properties</li></ul><h3><strong>Quantitative Results</strong></h3><p>The team applied a seven-component model to the complete dataset containing 24 GC×GC-VUV measurements.</p><p>The decomposition extracted seven characteristic VUV spectra, which were compared against the IFPEN in-house spectral library. The extracted spectra matched known petrochemical group signatures very well.</p><p>The resolved components included:</p><ul><li>Two monoaromatic components</li><li>Two diaromatic components</li><li>Additional petrochemical group patterns</li></ul><p>For quantitative evaluation, chemically related components were grouped together.</p><h4><strong>Reproducibility</strong></h4><p>Replicate measurements demonstrated strong quantitative reproducibility:</p><ul><li>Relative standard deviations below 10%</li><li>Consistent peak area estimation across petrochemical groups</li></ul><h4><strong>Comparison with the Template-Based Approach</strong></h4><p>The decomposition workflow showed good agreement with the existing template-based quantification strategy, with monoaromatics representing the main discrepancy requiring further investigation.</p><p>Schneider explained that the differences were likely related to relative response factor scaling used in the template-based method but not yet implemented in the decomposition workflow at the time of the presentation.</p><h4><strong>Future Development</strong></h4><p>The researchers outlined several next steps for the project:</p><ul><li>Running models on individual samples to achieve higher resolution</li><li>Resolving sulfur-containing compounds</li><li>Extracting more sample-specific differences</li><li>Automating component number selection</li><li>Investigating deviations in monoaromatic quantification</li><li>Integrating the workflow into an open-source software project</li></ul><p>The team also expressed interest in future collaboration with other researchers working on related GC×GC data analysis workflows.</p><h3><strong>Conclusion</strong></h3><p>The presented shift-invariant trilinear decomposition workflow demonstrated promising performance for automated petrochemical group analysis in GC×GC-VUV datasets. By combining robust mathematical modeling with minimal manual intervention, the method offers a simplified alternative to traditional template-based approaches while maintaining strong quantitative agreement and spectral interpretability.</p><p>The work highlights the growing role of advanced multivariate data analysis strategies in comprehensive chromatography and demonstrates how shift-aware decomposition methods can significantly improve the analysis of highly complex petrochemical datasets.</p><blockquote><p><strong>This text has been automatically transcribed from a video presentation using AI technology. It may contain inaccuracies and is not guaranteed to be 100% correct.</strong></p></blockquote>

One-shot tensor decomposition of full-scale GC×GC-VUV datasets for resolving petrochemical groups (Paul-Albert Schneide, MDCW 2026)

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 11th May 2026? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application note by<strong> Shimadzu, </strong>poster by <strong>MDCW / William &amp; Mary</strong> and brochure by <strong>Thermo Fisher Scientific!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. MDCW / William &amp; Mary: Optimizing Solvent Selection and Data Reduction Workflows for GC×GC Fire Debris Analysis</strong></h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/P_14_O_Brien_63304669ee.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><section><div><div><div><div><div><div><h5><strong>What are Ignitable Liquid Residues (ILRs)?&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li>Chemical remains of ignitable liquids (IL) (e.g., gasoline or diesel) that did not fully burn during a fire&nbsp;</li><li>ILRs are usually petroleum-based products and contain complex mixtures of volatile chemicals, like hydrocarbons&nbsp;</li></ul><h5><strong>Forensic Analysis of ILRs&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li>Collection of porous materials like wood from the fire’s point of origin&nbsp;</li><li>Must be stored in airtight containers to prevent volatile ILR from evaporation&nbsp;</li><li>Passive headspace extraction onto activate charcoal strips (ACS) is used to extract ILRs from debris, and dichloromethane (DCM) is used to extracts ILRs from charcoal strips&nbsp;</li><li>Emerging is the use of two-dimensional gas chromatography – time of fight - mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS), with higher separation and resolution</li><li>Resulting chromatograms presents a pattern of peaks which can be used to identified specific type of accelerant used&nbsp;</li></ul><h5><strong>Chemometrics&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li>The discipline that focuses on the application of statistical and mathematical methods to analyze chemical data and extract meaningful information (Bovens, 2019)&nbsp;</li><li>Helps make sense of large datasets from analytical instruments, find pattens, and classify samples</li></ul><h4><strong>Methods</strong></h4><h5><strong>Analytical Instrumentation&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li>LECO corporation <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1097"><strong>BTX4D GC×GC-TOFMS</strong></a> with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1289"><strong>Paradigm Shift reverse fill-flush (RFF) flow modulator</strong></a></li></ul><h5><strong>Software&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1873"><strong>ChromaTOF Sync 2D</strong></a> (LECO corporation)&nbsp;</li><li>R Statistical Software</li></ul><h4><strong>Conclusions</strong></h4><p>This study demonstrated that the use of chemometrics can be integrated into a data processing workflow to better understand data sets and create a streamlined process. Using UMAP, patterns identified that were not originally seen in PCA lead to the preferred solvents of ILR extraction being hexane and methanol. Since UMAP allowed visualization of local and global structures, groupings of gasoline samples allowed for better analysis of solvent effect.</p><h3><strong>2. Shimadzu: Multiresidue Pesticides Analysis in Solvent Extract of Annatto (Natural Color Additive) Using </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-TQ8050+NX"><strong>GCMSTQ8050 NX</strong></a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_06_sip_gc_043_en_95576a9ac4.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h5><strong>User Benefits</strong></h5><ul><li>&nbsp;Accurate and reproducible trace level quantitation of pesticides in highly pigmented complex matrix using Ultra-fast GCMSTQ8050 NX and QuEChERS extraction</li><li>Single-laboratory partial validated method for LOQ determination meeting regulatory guidelines</li><li>Ease of instrumental method optimization using GCMS Smart Pesticides Database Ver.2 from Shimadzu Corporation</li></ul><p>Annatto is an orange-red condiment and food colorant derived from the seeds of the achiote tree (Bixa Orellana) (Fig. 1). It is often used to impart a yellow to red-orange color to foods, but sometimes also for its flavor and aroma. Similar effects can be obtained by extracting some of the color and flavor principles from the seeds, which are then added to the food. Annatto and its extracts are now widely used in an artisanal or industrial scale as a coloring agent in many processed food products, such as cheeses, butter, baked goods, potatoes, snack foods, breakfast cereals, smoked fish etc. In these uses, Annatto is a natural alternative to synthetic food coloring compounds.&nbsp;</p><p>Owing to its large culinary uses and other diverse applications, use of chemical pesticides for its production in large quantities is imperative. Dye extraction process may result in concentration of pesticides and in turn contribute to adverse impact on human health when incorporated in various preparations. Hence quantitation of residual pesticides in Annatto extract becomes very important. As the oleoresin is a complex matrix, it is required to develop a rugged, sensitive and efficient method for extraction of residual pesticide and its analysis.&nbsp;</p><p>This study reports a highly sensitive method for simultaneous quantification of multiple pesticides in highly pigmented complex matrix of Annatto using modified QuEChERS[1] with triple quadrupole gas chromatography (GC-MS/MS) system.</p><h4><strong>Materials and Methods</strong></h4><p>For this study, customized reference standard mixture of most commonly observed pesticides in Annatto seeds was procured from Restek Corporation.</p><p>The calibration standards were analyzed from 0.5 to 1000 μg/L. Linearity was plotted by external standard method and using weighted regression of 1/C2. Sample was spiked at 3 levels i.e., 10, 25 and 100 μg/kg. Recovery samples were prepared in 6 replicates at each level. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GCMS-TQ8050+NX"><strong>GCMS-TQ8050 NX</strong></a> (Fig. 2), manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation Japan, was used for quantitation. LabSolutions InsightTM was used for data processing, which helped in evaluating validation parameters with ease.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><p>This study shows that the modified QuEChERS method combined with GC-MS/MS system is a reliable and efficient tool to quantify residual pesticides in Annatto extract sample. Although Annatto extract is a highly pigmented complex matrix, the modified QuEChERS method significantly reduces interference. Also, extremely sensitive Shimadzu GC-MS/MS allows trace level detection even after multifold dilution of sample. This helps in reducing contamination and enhancing ruggednessresulting in reproducible detection of analytes.</p><h3><strong>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Sentinel PRO 710 environmental mass spectrometer Precise real time gas analyzer for toxic volatile organic compounds</strong></h3><ul><li>Product specification</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/sentinel_pro_710_spec_sheet_en_886523bfc2.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=Sentinel+PRO"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Sentinel PRO Environmental Mass Spectrometer </strong></a>is a highly reliable and versatile gas analyzer ideal for reporting the presence of toxic VOCs from fugitive emissions in industrial settings to ensure worker safety.</p><h4><strong>Fugitive emissions of toxic VOCs&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Wherever there is potential danger for fugitive emissions of toxic organic vapors from a chemical production unit, regulating authorities often require plants to keep records of ambient vapor concentrations to protect workers from exposure. Various forms of capture include evacuated vessels, organic vapor monitors, or purge and trap devices, all of which require samples to be sent for analysis. Alternatively, electrochemical sensors or open path FT-IR spectroscopy can provide more immediate results. However, none of these technologies are capable of providing the spatial and temporal resolution required to qualify as actionable information.&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Analytical platform&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The primary feature of the Sentinel PRO mass spectrometer is the magnetic sector analyzer. This field-proven technology has demonstrated the strongest performance for industrial on-line gas analysis. Magnetic sector technology offers precision, accuracy, long intervals between calibrations. The new touchscreen interface further enhances usability, providing intuitive in-person operation, simplified maintenance, and real-time data viewing. Multi-role user permissions ensure security and control allowing operators to customize settings based on their specific needs.&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Comprehensive data collection&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>With speed and precision, the Sentinel PRO analyzer monitors all the critical areas for short-term exposure levels of toxic VOCs, and also provides accurate and time-weighted average exposure data. With a high number of sample points available, many can be located close to potential leak points such as valve stems, etc., enabling leak detection and correction before any toxic hazard is created.&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Membrane inlet mass spectrometry&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The analyzer is fitted with a membrane inlet to reduce the pressure of the sample air from atmospheric to the working pressure of the enclosed ion source. This allows a method of sample introduction that greatly enhances the system’s sensitivity to VOCs. Since the membrane is more permeable to VOCs than to major air gases, it provides enrichment by several orders of magnitude, enabling detection as low as 5 ppb (species dependent) permits easy membrane replacement during annual routine maintenance to minimize downtime and increase productivity.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></section>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 20, 2026

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Product

Application

Academy

Presentation

Video

Poster

The Multidimensional Chromatography (MDC) Workshop draws experts in this exciting field to share and discuss their research.

The Multidimensional Chromatography Workshop

Everything from the world of analytical chemistry in one place. We connect people in solving their problems. At Labrulez you will find all the necessary information easily, quickly and clearly. Stop searching and start finding.

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Phenomenex is a global technology leader committed to developing novel analytical chemistry solutions that solve the separation and purification challenges of researchers in industrial, government and academic laboratories.

Phenomenex

EST Analytical FLEX 2 Robotic Sampling Platform

The FLEX 2 autosampler streamlines GC/GC-MS workflows with liquid, headspace, and SPME capability, MTX tool change, and Prep Ahead for faster, more reliable VOC analysis.

<p><strong>The FLEX 2 is a versatile GC autosampler designed to handle both sample preparation and sample introduction for GC and GC/MS analysis. Supporting liquid injection, headspace, and SPME, it delivers exceptional accuracy and reproducibility. Its Prep Ahead function improves efficiency by allowing sample preparation during ongoing GC runs, maximizing system utilization and throughput.</strong></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/EST_Analytical_FLEX_2_Robotic_Sampling_Platform_3_853e02f151.jpg" alt="EST Analytical: FLEX 2 Robotic Sampling Platform" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_EST_Analytical_FLEX_2_Robotic_Sampling_Platform_3_853e02f151.jpg 168w," sizes="100vw" width="628" height="584"></p><h4><strong>Key Features</strong></h4><h5><strong>Flexible Sample Preparation with Multi Tool Change (MTX)</strong></h5><ul><li>Automated <strong>Multi Tool Change (MTX)</strong> enables seamless switching between tools</li><li>Enhances laboratory productivity, accuracy, and safety by reducing manual prep errors</li><li>Supports dilution, reagent addition, and internal standard spiking with precision</li><li>Can operate as a benchtop preparation station for derivatization and extraction steps</li></ul><h5><strong>Liquid Injection Capabilities</strong></h5><ul><li>Injection range: <strong>0.5–10 μL</strong> (standard syringe) or <strong>50–500 μL</strong> (optional large-volume syringe)</li><li>Supports both standard and large-volume injections (up to 500 μL)</li><li>Programmable injection speed control, from ultra-fast to very slow</li><li>Optional cooled trays available for temperature-sensitive samples</li></ul><h5><strong>Headspace Sampling</strong></h5><ul><li>Injection range: <strong>100–2500 μL</strong> (2.5 mL syringe), <strong>100–1000 μL</strong> (1.0 mL syringe), or <strong>500–5000 μL</strong> (5.0 mL syringe)</li><li>Offers both <strong>orbital</strong> and <strong>oscillating</strong> agitation to improve sample consistency</li><li>Six heated vial positions for <strong>2, 10, or 20 mL vials</strong></li><li>Temperature range: <strong>ambient to 200 °C</strong></li><li>Shaking: orbital (120–750 rpm) or oscillation (190 Hz)</li></ul><h5><strong>Automated SPME</strong></h5><ul><li>Compatible with both traditional and direct immersion SPME methods</li><li>Heated conditioning station:<ul><li>Fiber: <strong>ambient to 350 °C</strong></li><li>Needle: <strong>ambient to 150 °C</strong></li><li>Sweep gas port for conditioning</li></ul></li><li>Heated mixing station: <strong>ambient to 150 °C</strong>, mixing speeds <strong>380–725 rpm</strong></li></ul><h5><strong>Efficiency &amp; Throughput</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>Prep Ahead function</strong> allows ongoing sample prep during GC runs</li><li>Fully automates switching between liquid injection, headspace, and SPME with MTX</li><li>Reduces manual workload and preparation errors while improving reproducibility</li></ul><h4><strong>Technical Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Compatible Systems</strong>: GC and GC/MS platforms</li><li><strong>Injection Modes</strong>: Liquid (0.5–500 μL), Headspace (100–5000 μL), SPME (traditional &amp; direct immersion)</li><li><strong>Temperature Ranges</strong>: Headspace up to 200 °C, SPME fiber up to 350 °C, SPME needle up to 150 °C</li><li><strong>Agitation</strong>: Orbital (120–750 rpm) and oscillating (190 Hz)</li><li><strong>Capacity</strong>: Six heated vial positions for 2, 10, or 20 mL vials</li><li><strong>Automation</strong>: Multi Tool Change (MTX), Prep Ahead function</li></ul>

EST Analytical LGX-50 for Methane in Water

The EST LGX-50 automates RSK-175 dissolved gas testing in water, boosting throughput, ensuring ASTM/EPA compliance, and reducing manual sample preparation errors.

<p><strong>The LGX-50 automates the preparation of water samples for headspace analysis of dissolved gases such as methane, ethane, and ethene. Traditionally, RSK-175 testing has been labor-intensive and time-consuming, requiring manual vial preparation. The LGX-50 eliminates this step, streamlining workflows and ensuring compliance with EPA Method 5035 and ASTM D8028. By automating dissolved gas extraction, laboratories can boost throughput, reduce errors, and deliver more consistent results for shale gas and environmental testing.</strong></p><h4><strong>Key Features</strong></h4><h5><strong>Maximized Productivity</strong></h5><ul><li>Fully automates <strong>RSK-175 sample processing</strong></li><li>ASTM D8028 compliant for dissolved gas testing</li><li>Holds up to <strong>50 samples</strong> for high-throughput operation</li><li>Optical sensors prevent vial misplacement and syringe/elevator errors</li><li>Robust XYZ design ensures reliability and consistent performance</li></ul><h5><strong>Simplified Operation</strong></h5><ul><li>Intuitive, user-friendly software designed for quick setup and operation</li><li>Remote access functionality allows labs to monitor sample progress via the server</li><li>Reduces manual preparation steps, increasing accuracy and reproducibility</li></ul><h4><strong>Technical Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Compliance</strong>: EPA Method 5035, ASTM D8028</li><li><strong>Capacity</strong>: Up to 50 samples per batch</li><li><strong>Target Compounds</strong>: Methane, ethane, ethene, and other dissolved gases in water</li><li><strong>Automation</strong>: XYZ robotic design with optical sensors for error prevention</li><li><strong>Software</strong>: Intuitive, remote-access capable interface</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific ITEX Dynamic Headspace Tool 

Thermo Scientific ITEX Dynamic Headspace Tool enables automated VOC enrichment with ppt sensitivity using dynamic headspace for GC workflows.

<p><strong>The Thermo Scientific™ ITEX Dynamic Headspace Tool is an autosampler accessory for the</strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/63"><strong> TriPlus™ RSH </strong></a><strong>and </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/422"><strong>TriPlus RSH SMART</strong></a><strong> Autosamplers designed for the enrichment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using dynamic headspace technology. It enables ppt-level sensitivity and allows sample enrichment to be easily integrated into an automated gas chromatography (GC) workflow.</strong></p><ul><li>The ITEX-DHS technique uses a gas-tight syringe to collect the headspace and a microtrap inside the syringe needle to efficiently trap and concentrate VOCs through repeated syringe strokes.&nbsp;</li><li>Sensitivity can be scaled according to the number of strokes, making the method suitable for both low- and high-concentration samples.&nbsp;</li><li>The system is designed for easy method set-up with only a few parameters, simple access to the trap, and excellent robustness for long-term operation.&nbsp;</li><li>A closed system removes any risk of breakthrough.&nbsp;</li><li>Independent trap desorption temperature and flow control maximize desorption efficiency without affecting GC inlet settings.&nbsp;</li><li>When used with the TriPlus RSH SMART autosampler, the SMART gas-tight syringe enables automatic usage traceability.&nbsp;</li><li>The entire automated workflow can be fully controlled through <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/76"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon™ CDS</strong></a>.</li></ul><p>For VOC analysis in many liquid and solid samples, ITEX offers a valuable alternative to classical enrichment techniques by combining ease of use with robust performance.</p><h3><strong>Key features</strong></h3><ul><li>Dynamic headspace VOC enrichment with<strong> ppt-level sensitivity</strong></li><li><strong>Easy integration</strong> into automated GC workflows</li><li><strong>Gas-tight syringe and microtrap</strong> in the needle for efficient analyte concentration</li><li><strong>Scalable sensitivity</strong> based on the number of syringe strokes</li><li><strong>Easy method set-up</strong> with few parameters</li><li><strong>Robust design </strong>for long-term operation</li><li><strong>Closed system</strong> minimizing the risk of breakthrough</li><li><strong>Independent desorption</strong> temperature and flow control</li><li><strong>Automatic usage</strong> traceability with SMART gas-tight syringe</li><li>Full control through <strong>Chromeleon CDS</strong></li></ul><h3><strong>Technical specifications</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>Description: </strong>includes SMART gas-tight syringe, focusing trap, built-in trap heating, cooling fan, and trap cleaning capability</li><li><strong>Application: </strong>enrichment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)</li><li><strong>Compatible equipment: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/63"><strong>TriPlus RSH</strong></a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/422"><strong>TriPlus RSH SMART </strong></a>Autosamplers</li><li><strong>Type:</strong> autosampler accessory</li><li><strong>Unit size: </strong>each</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific TriPlus™ RSH SMART Autosampler

Extend automation, performance, and versatility for GC and GC/MS applications, while ensuring easier and safer operations through SMART consumables ID recognition and usage tracking.

<div><div id="product-description"><p><strong>Expand automated sampling capabilities beyond liquid, headspace, and solid phase microextraction (SPME) injections. The advanced, built-in robotics of the Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH SMART Autosampler deliver exceptional precision, sample handling flexibility, and reliable unattended operation. Enabling SMART consumables tracking, it offers easier, safer and traceable operations. Accurate and repeatable sample preparation and injection are essential to achieving the highest quality GC/GC-MS results. Enhance data quality and laboratory efficiency by automating your entire sample handling workflow.</strong></p></div><div><p>The TriPlus RSH SMART Autosampler brings together technological innovations that further expand automation, performance and versatility for GC and GC-MS applications, while ensuring easier and safer operations through SMART consumables ID recognition and usage tracking. Automated high-precision sample handling eliminates the manual labor and downtime typically required for tasks as standard/sample dilutions, internal standard addition and derivatization.</p><h3><strong>SMART Consumables</strong></h3><p>Validated SMART consumables are equipped with unique SMART chip storing parameters, ranges and usage history; enabling full traceability of sample preparation down to the syringe.</p><h3><strong>Automatic Syringe Changeout</strong></h3><p>Automatic Tool Change (ATC) capability automates the use of different syringes for sample preparation steps or different injection techniques within the sequence.</p><h3><strong>Vial Bottom Sensing Expands Application Range</strong></h3><p>Precise detection of vial bottoms enables the autosampler to accurately withdraw from sample amounts as little as 5 μL, enhancing data quality of sample-limited applications.</p><h3><strong>Flexible liquid sample handling</strong></h3><p>Optimized liquid injection modes and customizable syringe filling techniques, support a wide range of sample types and full GC inlet compatibility.</p><h3><strong>Automated headspace injection for volatile analysis</strong></h3><p>High temperature gas-tight syringe allows direct headspace injection into the GC inlet for increased injection volume flexibility. Sample vial capacity of up to 300x 10 mL/20 mL vials and sample incubation overlapping, facilitate long unattended operation.</p><h3><strong>Automated, solvent-free SPME</strong></h3><p>Precise control of all steps—fiber preconditioning, adsorption and desorption, as well as fiber washes—delivers maximum performance for SPME applications. Boost productivity with the optimized SPME Arrow design. It offers optimized fiber geometry to achieve 10x superior sensitivity compared to classical SPME, 2x faster extraction time and superior robustness.</p><h3><strong>Automated Sample Preparation</strong></h3><p>The Triplus RSH SMART Autosampler combines highly versatile sample injection capability with automated sample preparation procedures, eliminating typical GC-MS workflow bottlenecks. Daily operations ranging from sample/standard dilution to more complex derivatization protocols, can be fully automated and easily programmed with the Sampling Workflow Editor Software.</p><h3><strong>Extend productivity with the optional 1D barcode reader</strong></h3><p>The optional 1D barcode reader eliminates the need to log and track sample information manually; enabling you to streamline internal operations, save time, increase efficiency, and reduce errors.</p><h3><strong>Specifications</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>Type: </strong>TriPlus RSH SMART Standard Liquid, Regular Rail</li><li><strong>Sample Capacity:</strong> 4608 Well Plates, 840 x 0.5 mL or 0.7 mL Vials, 648 x 2 mL Sample Vials, 240 x 10 mL or 20 mL Vials</li><li><strong>Injection Mode: </strong>8 Fully Customizable Method-Specific Injection Mode Presets</li><li><strong>Injection Speed:</strong> Selectable from 0.1 μL/s to 2000 μL/s</li><li><strong>Injection Volume: </strong>0.1 to 10,000 μL</li><li><strong>Description: </strong>TriPlus RSH SMART configured for liquid injection on regular X-axis length. Only for manual tool change. Complete with liquid syringe tool, 2 x 10 μL SMART syringes, standard washing station and a single tray holder with 3 trays for 2 mL vials. Expandible to other sampling techniques (Headspace, SPME, SPME Arrow, ITEX-DHS) and with sample preparation tools.</li><li><strong>Tool Exchange:</strong> Only for manual tool exchange. No tool park station.</li><li><strong>For Use With (Equipment):</strong> Compatible with Smart syringes/fibers only.</li></ul></div></div>

Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH Autosampler

Robotic GC autosampler with multimode injection, tool exchange, and full sample prep automation. Enables 24/7 workflows for food, environmental, and forensic labs.

<h4><strong>Flexible, high-capacity autosampler for GC and GC-MS with advanced sample prep automation</strong></h4><p><strong>The TriPlus RSH Autosampler is a versatile robotic sampling platform designed to maximize automation, precision, and productivity in gas chromatography workflows. Fully compatible with Thermo Scientific™ GC and GC-MS systems, it supports liquid, headspace (HS), and SPME/SPME Arrow injections, with optional modules for µSPE, ITEX-DHS, and automated sample preparation. The unique Automatic Tool Change (ATC) system allows the autosampler to switch between up to six syringes in a single sequence, enabling unattended workflows for complex multistep protocols.</strong></p><h3><strong>Key Features and Benefits</strong></h3><h4>🧪 <strong>Multimode Injection and Sample Handling</strong></h4><ul><li>Supports liquid, headspace, SPME, SPME Arrow, and ITEX-DHS techniques</li><li>Switch between injection modes in a single sequence using ATC</li><li>Bottom vial sensing enables precise injections from as little as <strong>5 μL</strong> of sample</li></ul><h4>🔁 <strong>Automated Sample Preparation</strong></h4><ul><li>Perform dilution, standard addition, derivatization, and internal standard workflows</li><li>Tools: Vortexer, Incubator, Heatex-Stirrer, Dilutor, µSPE module</li><li>Visual drag-and-drop <strong>Sampling Workflow Editor</strong> for custom prep protocols</li></ul><h4>📦 <strong>High Throughput and Capacity</strong></h4><ul><li>Unattended operation with up to <strong>972 × 2 mL vials</strong> or <strong>840 × 0.7 mL vials</strong></li><li>Extended X-arm option for larger trays and accessory support</li><li>Dual-GC configurations with Clone Mode or DoublePro setups</li></ul><h4>⚙️ <strong>Precision and Flexibility</strong></h4><ul><li>Automated Tool Change (ATC): Up to <strong>6 tools</strong> in one sequence</li><li>Injection volume range: <strong>0.1 μL to 10 mL</strong></li><li>Compatible with all major GC injector types (SSL, PTV, OC, PKD, PPKD)</li></ul><h4>🧠 <strong>Smart Software and Control</strong></h4><ul><li>Fully integrated with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/76"><strong>Chromeleon™</strong></a>,<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/products/1758"><strong> Xcalibur™</strong></a>, and <strong>Chrom-Card™ CDS</strong></li><li>Local controller or virtual terminal control interface</li><li>Barcode readers for full sample tracking</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/application::product.product/Thermo-TriPlus-RSH-Autosampler-1.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH Autosampler" width="null" height="null"></p><h3><strong>Applications</strong></h3><ul><li><strong>Food safety</strong>: Trace analytes, contaminants, derivatization (e.g. FAMEs, dioxins)</li><li><strong>Environmental</strong>: VOCs, SVOCs, POPs, air toxics</li><li><strong>Forensics &amp; clinical</strong>: Biological matrices, explosive residues, drugs</li><li><strong>Chemical industry</strong>: Routine QC, trace impurities, residual solvents</li><li><strong>High-throughput labs</strong>: 24/7 unattended workflows with complex prep steps</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/application::product.product/QExactive-GCMSMS-Orbitrap-with-Autosampler-sideangle-1856x1391.jpg-650.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH Autosampler" width="null" height="null"></p>

Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 GC Headspace Autosampler

Powered by a completely new design, the Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 Headspace Autosampler delivers reliability and robustness for testing laboratories performing volatiles analysis.

<p><strong>Powered by a completely new design, the Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 Headspace Autosampler delivers reliability and robustness for testing laboratories performing volatiles analysis.</strong></p><p>Valve-and-loop technology and <strong>other innovative features</strong> ensure that this autosampler streamlines daily workflows, saving time with reliable unattended operation, optimizing sample throughput with expanded vial capability, and facilitating method portability with powerful software. Smartly integrated with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/483"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1600 Series GC</strong></a><strong>,</strong> this modular platform provides today's analytical testing and services laboratories with the productivity needed to succeed.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Pragolab_Schematicke_znazorneni_nastriku_pomoci_Head_Space_autosampleru_Thermo_Tri_Plus_500_fd64009b8a/Pragolab-Schematicke-znazorneni-nastriku-pomoci-HeadSpace-autosampleru-Thermo-TriPlus-500.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 GC Headspace Autosampler: Valve-and-loop headspace injection principle" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Pragolab_Schematicke_znazorneni_nastriku_pomoci_Head_Space_autosampleru_Thermo_Tri_Plus_500_fd64009b8a/thumbnail_Pragolab-Schematicke-znazorneni-nastriku-pomoci-HeadSpace-autosampleru-Thermo-TriPlus-500.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1812" height="560"></p><h4><strong>Reliability for analytical testing and services laboratories and versatility for research and method development.</strong></h4><p>The new design of the TriPlus 500 Headspace Autosampler incorporates innovative features for highly accurate analytical results, including:</p><h5><strong>New pneumatic controls for high precision and robustness</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>Best injection repeatability</strong> for consistent results at every run.</li><li><strong>No carryover </strong>due to effective sample path purging.</li><li><strong>Automatic leak check </strong>during injection to ensure safe runs.</li></ul><figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:681/480;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_Tri_Plus_500_GC_Headspace_Autosampler_2_62a58c525f.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 GC Headspace Autosampler: Long Sequence Area Counts Repeatability. 120 consecutive headspace injections of a 50 ppm ethanol solution in water (5 ml in 10 ml crimp top vial). Overall RSD%=0.7" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_Tri_Plus_500_GC_Headspace_Autosampler_2_62a58c525f.jpg 221w," sizes="100vw" width="681" height="480"></figure><h5><strong>Best sample integrity and ease-of-use via direct column connection</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>A shorter sample path</strong> for high inertness towards polar compounds.</li><li><strong>Expanded high temperature</strong> <strong>applicability</strong> <strong>with higher recovery </strong>of high boiling point compounds.</li><li><strong>Simplified method set up </strong>with no transfer line and injector temperature settings required.</li></ul><figure class="image"><img style="aspect-ratio:720/484;" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_Tri_Plus_500_GC_Headspace_Autosampler_3_a7e8932898.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ 500 GC Headspace Autosampler: Recovery of a standard hydrocarbon mixture C10-C40 at high temperature operation, showing >60% recovery at 300°C" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_Tri_Plus_500_GC_Headspace_Autosampler_3_a7e8932898.jpg 232w," sizes="100vw" width="720" height="484"></figure><h5><strong>Compact yet scalable design for better laboratory efficiency and productivity</strong></h5><ul><li>Compact HS-GC design saves<strong> 30%</strong> of valuable bench space.</li><li>Tailored throughput requirements with in-field scalability from<strong> 12 to 240 vials</strong>, requiring no additional space and no compromise on performance.</li><li>Faster sample equilibration with the new <strong>Quick Spin Shaking design</strong> for maximal sensitivity in a shorter cycle time.</li></ul><h5><strong>Comprehensive HS-GC configuration solution</strong></h5><ul><li>Available with<strong> direct column connection</strong> or transfer line for maximum configuration flexibility.</li><li>When a direct column connection is not possible, the autosampler configured with a transfer line maintains <strong>high precision, efficient sample transfer.</strong></li><li>When configured with a transfer line, the TriPlus 500 HS autosampler<strong> </strong>is ideal for connecting to the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/483"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ 1600 Series GC</strong> </a>with auxiliary oven or for connection to third-party GC instruments</li><li>The TriPlus 500 HS with transfer line allows <strong>combined headspace and liquid injection</strong> in the same column, through operation with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/70"><strong>TriPlus 100 LS </strong></a><strong>or TriPlus RSH or</strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/422"><strong> RSH SMART</strong></a><strong> autosampler on the same GC.</strong></li></ul><h5><strong>Software and system checks for compliance and data integrity</strong></h5><ul><li>Integrated with <strong>Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon™ CDS software</strong>, Title 21 CFR Part 11-compliant.</li><li>Easy analytical system performance qualification with the IQ/OQ/PQ Qualification Wizard and daily sequence performance checks with the System Suitability Test Wizard.</li></ul><h4><strong data-start="0" data-end="18" data-is-only-node="">Specifications</strong></h4><ul><li><strong data-start="21" data-end="30">Type:</strong> TriPlus™ 500 GC Headspace Autosampler</li><li><strong data-start="71" data-end="91">Sample Capacity:</strong> 12 Vials, Upgradable to 120 and 240 Vials</li><li><strong data-start="136" data-end="155">Injection Mode:</strong>&nbsp;<ul><li>Standard</li><li>Multiple Headspace Extraction (MHE)</li><li>Multiple Headspace Injection (MHI)</li></ul></li><li><strong data-start="240" data-end="256">Description:</strong> TriPlus™ 500 Headspace Autosampler with Direct Column Connection</li><li><strong data-start="324" data-end="337">Software:</strong> Thermo Scientific™ Chromeleon CDS, Thermo Scientific™ TraceFinder, and Thermo Scientific™ XCalibur Software</li><li><strong data-start="448" data-end="477">For Use With (Equipment):</strong> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/483">Trace 1600 Series</a></li><li><strong data-start="498" data-end="511">Quantity:</strong> Each</li><li><strong data-start="519" data-end="533">Unit Size:</strong> Each</li></ul>

LECO L-PAL3 GC Autosampler

LECO L-PAL3 GC Autosampler delivers flexible, discrimination-free GC injections with automated liquid, headspace, SPME, and ITEX sampling, high vial capacity, and minimal carryover.

<p><strong>Available exclusively from LECO, the L-PAL3 GC Autosampler is a highly robust, fully integrated autosampling platform designed for high flexibility and reliability in gas chromatography workflows. Based on proven CTC PAL3 technology, it supports discrimination-free ultrafast GC injections and minimizes carryover while ensuring precise and reproducible sample handling.</strong></p><p>Key innovations include <strong>automatic tool exchange (ATX)</strong> for seamless switching between liquid, headspace, SPME, and ITEX sampling modes, <strong>vial bottom sensing</strong> to prevent mis-injections, and high vial capacity for unattended operation. These features allow analysts to focus on compound identification without downtime or uncertainty.</p><h3><strong>Key Features</strong></h3><ul><li>Allows for automation of up to 162 two mL samples, or 45 ten/twenty mL samples.</li><li>Discrimination-free injection speeds with complete injection cycle time down to 100 milliseconds.</li><li>Bottom-sensing technology ensures that even very small volumes can be sampled.</li><li>Four separate models available so you may configure your package based on your autosampler needs.</li><li>Automatic Tool Exchange (ATX) allows users to switch between liquid, SPME, and headspace seamlessly.</li><li>96 to 384 well plate sampling supported; requires foil cutter.</li><li>Now available with Peltier cooled racks.</li></ul><h3><strong>Available Configurations</strong></h3><h4><strong>L-PAL3 GC Autosampler – Liquid Injections</strong></h4><ul><li>3-axis CTC-based autosampler/injector</li><li>Standard liquid injections</li><li>5-position solvent wash station</li><li>Liquid syringe tool</li><li>GC mounting kit</li><li>Single tray holder with <strong>3 trays × 54 positions (2 mL vials)</strong></li><li><strong>Non-upgradable configuration</strong></li></ul><h4><strong>L-PAL3 GC Autosampler – Liquid &amp; Headspace Injections</strong></h4><ul><li>Liquid and static headspace injections</li><li>Heated agitator</li><li>5-position solvent wash station</li><li>Liquid syringe tool + heated headspace syringe tool</li><li>GC mounting kit</li><li>Two tray holders:<ul><li><strong>3 × 54 positions (2 mL vials)</strong></li><li><strong>3 × 15 positions (10/20 mL vials)</strong></li></ul></li><li><strong>Manual tool exchange</strong> between liquid and headspace modes</li></ul><h4><strong>ITEX Dynamic Headspace Tool</strong></h4><ul><li>Rapid, sensitive enrichment of volatile and semi-volatile compounds</li><li>Suitable for solid, liquid, and gaseous samples</li><li>Choice of adsorbents for optimal sensitivity</li><li>No sample loops, transfer lines, or valves → minimal contamination risk</li><li>ATX enables <strong>Headspace, SPME, and ITEX</strong> within a single sequence</li></ul><h4><strong>L-PAL3 GC Autosampler – Liquid &amp; SPME Injections</strong></h4><ul><li>Liquid injections and all SPME modes (immersion, headspace)</li><li>Heated agitator</li><li>5-position solvent wash station</li><li>Liquid syringe tool + SPME fiber tools</li><li>SPME fiber conditioning station</li><li>GC mounting kit</li><li>Two tray holders:<ul><li><strong>3 × 54 positions (2 mL vials)</strong></li><li><strong>3 × 15 positions (10/20 mL vials)</strong></li></ul></li><li><strong>Manual tool exchange</strong> between liquid and SPME modes</li></ul><h3><strong>L-PAL3 GC Autosampler – Liquid, Headspace &amp; SPME</strong></h3><ul><li>Fully automated switching between liquid, headspace, and SPME</li><li>Heated agitator</li><li>5-position solvent wash station</li><li>Tools for liquid syringe, headspace syringe, and SPME fibers</li><li>SPME fiber conditioning station</li><li>GC mounting kit</li><li>Two tray holders:<ul><li><strong>3 × 54 positions (2 mL vials)</strong></li><li><strong>3 × 15 positions (10/20 mL vials)</strong></li></ul></li></ul>

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