<p><strong>Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) plays a critical role in lithium-ion battery electrolytes, where solvent purity directly impacts performance, safety, and lifetime. Even trace-level impurities can contribute to degradation of solid electrolyte interfaces, consumption of lithium ions, or gas formation—effects that compromise both efficiency and safety.</strong></p><p>As battery materials continue to evolve, analytical approaches must provide both high sensitivity and high-confidence identification. A recent LECO application study demonstrates how combining two GC-MS platforms enables a more complete characterization of DMC impurities than either approach alone.</p><h3><strong>Why Impurity Characterization in DMC Is Challenging</strong></h3><p>Battery-grade solvents demand detection of contaminants across a wide concentration range, starting from major byproducts to trace-level species. In DMC, impurities may include oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, and nitriles, many of which arise from synthesis or handling processes.</p><p>These compounds can co-elute or exist at levels below typical detection thresholds, making comprehensive analysis difficult with a single analytical technique. In addition, electron ionization (EI) spectra do not always provide a clear molecular ion, complicating compound confirmation.</p><h3><strong>A Complementary Analytical Strategy: Sensitivity + Confidence</strong></h3><p>The application note demonstrates a combined workflow using the approach:</p><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1097"><strong>Pegasus BTX (GC-TOFMS)</strong></a>&nbsp;for high-sensitivity detection</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/38"><strong>Pegasus HRT (high-resolution GC-MS)</strong></a>&nbsp;for accurate mass confirmation</li></ul><p>The<strong> Pegasus BTX </strong>enables detection of impurities at<strong> below parts-per-billion levels</strong>, ensuring that even low-abundance analytes are captured.</p><p>Following detection, the<strong> Pegasus HRT</strong> provides high-resolution, accurate mass data in both EI and positive chemical ionization (PCI) modes. PCI is particularly valuable when EI spectra lack a clear molecular ion, allowing confirmation through common adduct species such as protonated molecular ions [M+H]⁺.</p><p>Because both ionization modes can be accessed without hardware changes, the workflow supports efficient, multi-dimensional confirmation of analyte identity.</p><h3><strong>Observations</strong></h3><p>Using this combined approach, multiple classes of impurities were identified in the DMC sample. These included:</p><ul><li>Oxygenated reaction byproducts</li><li>Alcohols, carbonates, and ethers</li><li>Hydrocarbons and aromatic species</li><li>Additional low-level analytes detected with high library match scores</li></ul><p>Importantly, the high sensitivity of the Pegasus BTX revealed a broader set of low-concentration compounds, while the Pegasus HRT increased confidence in compound identification through accurate mass measurements and confirmation of molecular formulas. &nbsp;</p><p>The study also highlights cases where co-eluting compounds were successfully deconvoluted, allowing individual components to be identified even without complete chromatographic separation.</p><h3><strong>Why This Matters for Battery Materials Analysis</strong></h3><p>This work illustrates a key principle for advanced materials characterization: detection and identification are distinct challenges that often require complementary solutions.</p><ul><li>Detection alone&nbsp;is insufficient without confident identification</li><li>High-resolution confirmation&nbsp;is limited if low-level species are not first detected</li></ul><p>By combining these capabilities, laboratories can gain deeper insight into solvent purity, production processes, and potential performance risks in battery systems.</p><h3><strong>Explore the Complete Study</strong></h3><p>This short overview highlights only a portion of the findings. The full application note provides:</p><ul><li>Detailed acquisition parameters and workflows</li><li>Chromatographic and spectral data examples</li><li>Confirmed impurity lists with retention times and similarity scores</li><li>Examples demonstrating EI/PCI complementarity and accurate mass confirmation</li></ul><p>To better understand how complementary GC-MS techniques can improve confidence in battery solvent analysis, download the full application note: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.leco.com/documents/203-821-731/"><strong>“Battery Solvent Characterization: Identifying Impurities in Dimethyl Carbonate”</strong>.</a></p>

 Confident Identification of Battery Solvent Impurities Using Complementary GC-MS Techniques

<p><strong>The international standard ISO/IEC 17025 [1] clause 7.7.2 with regards to ensuring the validity of results, requires a laboratory to participate in proficiency testing (PT) and/or to participate in interlaboratory comparisons (ILCs) other than PT. However, no guidance as to what these other ILCs might be, or indeed how they might compare in relation to PT, is provided. This leaflet aims to outline other ILCs available, pointing out some of the limitations as compared to PT.&nbsp;</strong></p><p>There are three major types of ILCs in which a group of laboratories analyses identical portions from a homogeneous, stable test sample, with each type being characterized by its intended purpose [2,3]:</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_2_d9263807fb.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_2_d9263807fb.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1507" height="607"></p><p>A key point is that PT is an ILC that is designed to specifically evaluate the performance of participants, providing them with an infrastructure to monitor and assess the validity of their results. This is not the key purpose of the two other ILCs, and thus depending on their intended purpose they have a number of limitations that laboratories need to be aware of when using them rather than PT. Only proficiency testing should have been conducted in full compliance to the competency standard ISO/IEC 17043 [4].&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Evaluation of measurement procedure performance&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>These ILCs, are designed to assess how a particular measurement procedure performs and whether it is fit for its intended purpose. These ILCs are often referred to as a ‘method performance study’ or a ‘collaborative study’ [2]. Some limitations of using such ILCs for monitoring laboratory performance as an alternative to PT are:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>All participants use the same measurement procedure i.e. the measurement procedure that is being validated. Unless the measurement procedure is being routinely used by the participating laboratory such an ILC will not assess the routine performance of the laboratory using their own routine measurement procedure. Nor does it enable them to compare their performance with other laboratories using alternative measurement procedures.&nbsp;</li><li>The measurement procedure is likely to be new, so participants may not have established stable procedures and quality control, so performance may not reflect routine use.&nbsp;</li><li>The report from such an ILC would not provide information on the performance of the participant, if the statistical model used makes the assumption that all laboratories perform with equal variability.</li><li>The design of the study may require the participants to assess multiple samples and/or to undertake multiple replicate analysis on the test materials. This may not be representative of the routine measurements or tests undertaken by the laboratory.&nbsp;</li><li>The conclusion of the ILC might be that the measurement procedure being assessed is not valid.&nbsp;</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_3_a53ecd2f5d.jpg" alt="Eurachem: Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Eurachem_Interlaboratory_comparisons_other_than_proficiency_testing_3_a53ecd2f5d.jpg 157w," sizes="100vw" width="570" height="566"></p><h4><strong>Characterisation of candidate reference materials&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>These are ILCs that assign a property value to a candidate reference material, usually with a stated measurement uncertainty. These are often referred to as a ‘material certification study’ [2]. Limitations of using such ILCs as an alternative to PT are:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>The analysis of the candidate reference material is likely to require additional care in exercising the routine measurement procedure, such as substantially more replication, and/or may require quite different reporting formats (e.g. all valid replicates instead of a mean result). Thus, such an ILC will not necessarily provide an evaluation of the performance of the laboratory based on the routine use of their measurement procedures.&nbsp;</li><li>The report from such an ILC may include the results from the participating laboratories but would not provide information on the performance of each laboratory.&nbsp;</li><li>Participating laboratories may be required to assess multiple samples and/or to undertake multiple replicate analysis on the candidate reference materials. Thus this may not be representative of the routine measurements or tests undertaken by the laboratory.&nbsp;</li></ul><h4><strong>Other ILCs&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Some other ILCs, whilst not being conducted in full compliance of the requirements of ISO/IEC 17043, may be designed to evaluate participant performance. These would include small ILCs as defined by EA‑2/21 [5] or split sample ILCs i.e. where a portion of a single sample is sent to two or three laboratories. Whilst these ILCs are specifically designed to evaluate participant performance, they may not provide a comprehensive comparison that a PT might provide. In such cases the laboratory needs to evaluate carefully the competence of the organization managing the ILC and the suitability of the service externally provided (ISO/IEC 17025 clause 6.6).</p>

Interlaboratory comparisons other than proficiency testing

RI Calibration in NIST26 Chromatogram and Applying to Calculating RI in Samples

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Eurachem is a European network promoting international traceability of chemical measurements and good analytical practice. It provides expert guidance, supports method validation, uncertainty evaluation, proficiency testing, and facilitates discussion on technical and policy issues in analytical quality.

Eurachem

In 1936, the Laboratory Equipment Company introduced the first rapid carbon determinator for the American iron and steel industry.  Today, almost 80 years later, LECO is recognized globally as a leader in the development of high-quality analytical instrumentation, mass spectrometers, comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography, metallography & optical equipment as well as consumables.

LECO

My main interest is the identification of organic compounds by mass spectrometry in organic mixtures.

James Little/Mass Spec Interpretation Services

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-V1 GC Columns

Thermo Scientific™ TRACE TR-V1 GC Columns are mid-polarity, thick film columns.

<p><strong>Thermo Scientific™ TRACE TR-V1 GC Columns are mid-polarity, thick film columns.</strong></p><ul><li>Mid-polarity phase, 6% Cyanopropylphenyl Polysiloxane</li><li>Thick films for the analysis of volatile analytes</li><li>Low-bleed suitable for MS detection</li></ul><h4><strong>Recommended For:</strong></h4><ul><li>Volatile Organics</li><li>Alcohols</li><li>EPA 502.2, 608 and 624</li></ul><h4><strong>Similar To:</strong></h4><ul><li>DB-624</li><li>BPX Volatiles</li><li>Rtx Volatiles</li><li>VOCOL 56</li><li>OV-624</li><li>AT-624</li><li>HP-VOC</li><li>CP-Select 624CB</li><li>007-624</li><li>ZM-624</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-WAX GC Columns

Analyze a wide range of polar compounds with the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-Wax GC Column.

<p><strong>Analyze a wide range of polar compounds with the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-Wax GC Column. A polyethylene-glycol-based phase ideal for the analysis of all polar compounds, it is highly cross-linked and fully deactivated to provide excellent peak shape even with short chain alcohols.</strong></p><h4><strong>Engineered for Superior Performance</strong></h4><ul><li>Polar phase, polyethylene glycol</li><li>Highly cross-linked and fully deactivated</li><li>Solvent washable</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility:</strong></h4><ul><li>Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>Esters</li><li>Alcohols</li><li>Ketones</li><li>Glycols</li><li>Aromatic isomers</li></ul><h4><strong>Recommended Use:</strong></h4><ul><li>Aldehydes</li><li>Essential Oils</li></ul><h4><strong>Alternative Uses:</strong></h4><ul><li>Acids</li><li>Alcohols</li><li>Alcohols in beverages</li><li>Alditol acetates (sugars)</li><li>Amines–Aliphatic</li><li>Amines–Aromatic</li><li>Herbicides</li><li>Ketones</li><li>Nitroaromatics</li><li>Phenols</li><li>Volatiles</li></ul><h4><strong>Similar To:</strong></h4><ul><li>DB-Wax</li><li>BP20</li><li>Rtx™-Wax</li><li>Stabilwax™</li><li>HP20M</li><li>HP-Wax</li><li>HP-INNOWax</li><li>SUPELCOWAX™ 10</li><li>AT™-Wax</li><li>Nukol™</li><li>CP Wax52CB</li><li>SUPEROX II</li><li>Carbowax™</li><li>PE-WAX</li><li>ZBWAX</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-WaxMS GC Columns

For high-polarity separations as part of GC/MS analysis, choose the low-bleed, high polarity Thermo Scientific™TRACE™ TR-WaxMS GC Column. 

<p><strong>For high-polarity separations as part of GC/MS analysis, choose the low-bleed, high polarity Thermo Scientific™TRACE™ TR-WaxMS GC Column. The TRACE TR-WaxMS column is manufactured using a proprietary bonding technique that minimizes bleed and extends the maximum operating temperature (260 to 280 ̊C).</strong></p><h4><strong>Engineered for Superior Performance:</strong></h4><ul><li>Polar phase, polyethylene glycol</li><li>Proprietary bonding method for expanded operating temperatures</li><li>Extremely low-bleed for improved sensitivity and library matches</li><li>High stability with oxygen and water</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility:</strong></h4><ul><li>Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_Trace_TR_Wax_MS_GC_Columns_676d6b9e2e.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific: Trace™ TR-WaxMS GC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_Trace_TR_Wax_MS_GC_Columns_676d6b9e2e.jpg 244w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="416"></p><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>Aromatic hydrocarbons</li><li>Food additives</li><li>Essential oils</li><li>Alcohols</li><li>Esters</li><li>Aldehydes</li><li>Ketones</li></ul><h4><strong>Recommended Use:</strong></h4><ul><li>Aldehydes</li><li>Essential Oils</li></ul><h4><strong>Alternative Uses:</strong></h4><ul><li>Acids</li><li>Alcohols</li><li>Alcohols in beverages</li><li>Alditol acetates (sugars)</li><li>Amines&amp;endash;Aliphatic</li><li>Amines&amp;endash;Aromatic</li><li>Herbicides</li><li>Ketones</li><li>Nitroaromatics</li><li>Phenols</li><li>Volatiles</li></ul><h4><strong>Similar To:</strong></h4><ul><li>DB-Wax</li><li>Rtx™-Wax</li><li>Stabilwax™</li><li>HP20M</li><li>BP20</li><li>HP-Wax</li><li>HP-INNOWax</li><li>SUPELCOWAX™ 10</li><li>AT™-Wax</li><li>Nukol™</li><li>CP Wax 52CB</li><li>ZB-Wax</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-FAME GC Columns

Choose Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-FAME GC Columns for separation of cis/trans isomers and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) with various degrees of unsaturation.

<p><strong>Choose Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-FAME GC Columns for separation of cis/trans isomers and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) with various degrees of unsaturation. The TRACE TR-FAME column is a cyanopropylphenyl-based phase specifically designed for the separation of FAMEs. It is also suitable for any application that requires a high-polarity column for use with MS detection.</strong></p><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility</strong></h4><ul><li>Low bleed for MS, even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li><li>Polar phase, 70% cyanopropyl polysilphenylene-siloxane</li><li>Higher operating temperature than other columns</li></ul><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>FAMEs</li><li>FAMEs cis/trans isomers</li></ul><h4><strong>Similar To:</strong></h4><ul><li>DB-23</li><li>BPX70</li><li>Rtx™-2330</li><li>SP™-2330</li><li>CP-Sil 88</li><li>SP™-2380</li><li>HP-23</li><li>VF-23ms</li><li>007-23</li><li>AT™-Silar</li><li>PE-23</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-FFAP GC Columns

Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures. Chose the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-FFAP GC Columns for outstanding robustness in difficult-to-analyze separations.

<p><strong>Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures. Chose the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-FFAP GC Columns for outstanding robustness in difficult-to-analyze separations.</strong></p><h4><strong>Engineered Specifically for FFAP Analysis:</strong></h4><ul><li>Polar phase, TPA modified polyethylene glycol</li><li>Bonded FFAP phase</li><li>Quality tested for acidic compound analysis</li><li>Equivalent to USP G25 and G35</li><li>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility</li><li>Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult-to-analyze separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Scientific_Trace_TR_FFAP_GC_Columns_56b870dff4.jpg" alt="Thermo Scientific: Trace™ TR-FFAP GC Columns" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Scientific_Trace_TR_FFAP_GC_Columns_56b870dff4.jpg 244w," sizes="100vw" width="650" height="416"></p><h4><strong>Recommended Use:</strong></h4><ul><li>Acids</li><li>FFAP analysis</li><li>Alcohols</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ TR-BioDiesel GC Columns

Determine methanol, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and glycerides in biodiesel analysis with high performance and reproducibility using Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-BioDiesel GC Columns.

<p><strong>Determine methanol, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and glycerides in biodiesel analysis with high performance and reproducibility using Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ TR-BioDiesel GC Columns.</strong>&nbsp;</p><p>Biodiesel is an important component in the development of carbon neutral fuels and specific GC columns within the TRACE range deliver robust performance to meet and exceed the methodology demands for this application area.</p><h4><strong>Columns Specifically Designed to Meet Your Biodiesel Analysis Needs:</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>TRACE TR-BioDiesel (M)</strong>; for determination of residual methanol content in biodiesel according to EN Method 14110</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-BioDiesel (G)</strong>; for the analysis of total glyceride content according to EN Method 14105</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-BioDiesel (F)</strong>; for the analysis of FAME content in biodiesel according to EN Method 14103</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-BioDiesel (G) ASTM</strong>; for the analysis of total glyceride content according to ASTM method D-6584</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility:</strong></h4><ul><li>Low-bleed even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ GC Columns for Pesticides

Identify organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides with high performance, sensitivity, and reproducibility using the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Pesticides. 

<p><strong>Identify organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides with high performance, sensitivity, and reproducibility using the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Pesticides. These columns are specifically designed and tested to meet the most stringent requirements for the analysis of pesticides and herbicides.</strong></p><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility:</strong></h4><ul><li>Low bleed decreases MS contamination</li><li>Innovative design facilitates use at higher temperatures</li><li>Column inertness results in minimal peak tailing and decreased breakdown of sensitive samples</li></ul><h4><strong>Alternative Uses:</strong></h4><ul><li>Chlorinated aromatics</li><li>Plant sterols</li><li>Pyrethroids</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ GC Columns for Specific EPA Methods

Perform specific EPA methodologies with confidence and unsurpassed performance using the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Capillary Columns for Specific EPA Methods. 

<p><strong>Perform specific EPA methodologies with confidence and unsurpassed performance using the Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Capillary Columns for Specific EPA Methods. These low-bleed and temperature-stable columns have been designed, manufactured and tested to provide consistent, reliable results from run-to-run and batch-to-batch.</strong></p><h4><strong>Columns Tailored Specifically for U.S. EPA Test Methods:</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>TRACE TR-524 and TRACE TR-525:</strong> U.S. EPA Drinking Water Test Methods 524 or 525</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-527:</strong> U.S. EPA Drinking Water Test Method 527, featuring the robust, low-bleed performance required for analysis of pesticides and flame retardants</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-8270: </strong>U.S. EPA Solid Waste Test Method 8270</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-8095: </strong>U.S. EPA Method 8095 for Explosives Testing, featuring high maximum temperature and low surface activity</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility:</strong></h4><ul><li>Low bleed, even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)</li><li>Pesticides</li><li>Brominated flame retardants</li><li>Explosives</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ GC Columns for Dioxin and PCB Analysis

Analyze dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with custom-tailored Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Dioxin and PCB Analysis

<p><strong>Analyze dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with custom-tailored Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Dioxin and PCB Analysis for unsurpassed performance and reproducibility.&nbsp;</strong></p><p>Optimized to meet the requirements of high-resolution GC/MS methods, these columns deliver optimum performance with exceptional stability and very low bleed. These low-polarity columns provide wide coverage of the 17 cogeners with the highest toxicological significance (2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted congeners).</p><h4><strong>Columns Tailored Specifically for Dioxins and PCBs:</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>TRACE TR-Dioxin 5MS: </strong>dioxin and furan testing</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-PCB 8MS: </strong>high-resolution GC/MS analysis of PCBs</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility</strong></h4><ul><li>Low bleed, even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>Furan (PCDF) Analysis</li><li>GC/MS for Furan (PCDF) Analysis</li><li>GC/MS for PCB Congener Analysis</li></ul>

Thermo Scientific Trace™ GC Columns for Drugs of Abuse

Analyze amphetamines, codeine, morphine, and THC with high performance and reproducibility using Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Drugs of Abuse.

<p><strong>Analyze amphetamines, codeine, morphine, and THC with high performance and reproducibility using Thermo Scientific™ TRACE™ GC Columns for Drugs of Abuse.</strong></p><h4><strong>Tailored Specifically for Drugs of Abuse:</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>TRACE TR-DoA 5MS:</strong> Widely used for the analysis and determination of a range of toxicological target compounds including amphetamines, codeine, and morphine</li><li><strong>TRACE TR-DoA 35MS:</strong> Ideal for the determination of carboxy-THC because of its higher polarity, making it the recommended column for use in drug testing labs for the confirmation of THC</li></ul><h4><strong>Excellent Quality and Reproducibility</strong></h4><ul><li>Low bleed, even at elevated temperatures</li><li>Outstanding robustness for difficult separations</li><li>Reliable and reproducible performance</li></ul><h4><strong>Applications:</strong></h4><ul><li>GC/MS for Amphetamines, Codeine, and Morphine</li></ul>

Products from category GC columns distributed by Thermo Fisher Scientific (EMEA) - page 1

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Confident Identification of Battery Solvent Impurities Using Complementary GC-MS Techniques