Agilent 490 Micro GC Biogas Analyzers - Data Sheet

Significance of the topic

The precise and rapid analysis of biogas composition is critical for optimizing renewable energy production and ensuring consistent fuel quality. Accurate monitoring of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and trace hydrocarbons enables better process control in anaerobic digesters and supports the upgrading of biogas to high-value fuels.

Objectives and overview

This document describes the Agilent 490 Micro GC Biogas Analyzers, designed as a turnkey solution for laboratory and field analysis of pure biogas and biogas mixed with other hydrocarbon streams. Two configurations are presented: a dual-channel analyzer for basic biogas composition and an extended quad-channel system to cover higher hydrocarbons when biogas is blended with natural gas or LPG.

Methodology

The Agilent 490 Micro GC employs micro gas chromatography with multiple independent column channels, each equipped with heated injectors and backflush to vent functionality. A CP-Molsieve 5A column on argon provides separation of permanent gases and hydrogen, while a CP-PoraPLOT U column on helium resolves light hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide. The extended version adds a CP-Sil 5 CB column to detect C4–C7 hydrocarbons. Integrated retention time stability (RTS) features in the Molsieve channel maintain reproducible separations by filtering residual moisture and CO₂ in carrier gas. Typical analysis times are under 120 seconds for standard biogas and under 150 seconds for extended analysis, with peak area repeatability below 0.5 % RSD.

Instrumentation

• Micro GC cabinet: dual-channel or quad-channel configuration
• Columns: 10 m CP-Molsieve 5A (Ar), 10 m CP-PoraPLOT U (He), optional 6 m CP-Sil 5 CB (He)
• Carrier gases: argon for Molsieve, helium for other channels
• Heated sample lines and injectors (up to 110 °C) to prevent condensation
• Backflush to vent on Molsieve and PoraPLOT channels
• Accessories: portable field cases, Micro-Gasifier for liquefied gas samples, filters
• Power supply dimensions and weight suited for lab and field use

Main results and discussion

Performance testing shows rapid, reproducible separations of methane, CO₂, N₂, O₂, H₂, CO, H₂S and C2–C7 hydrocarbons with high sensitivity and linearity. The RTS option stabilizes retention times over extended operation in challenging sample matrices. The system’s rugged design supports both laboratory and on-site measurements under varying environmental conditions.

Benefits and practical applications

• Complete, factory-tested solution with sample checkout and user manual included
• Plug-and-play operation requires minimal operator training
• Fast chromatographic cycle improves throughput and product valuation
• Short lead times with stocked analyzers ready for immediate shipment
• Field compatibility via portable cases and integrated gas handling

Future trends and possibilities

As biogas production scales up, real-time on-line monitoring with micro GC technology will become increasingly important. Future advances may integrate wireless data transfer, predictive analytics and broader analyte coverage. Miniaturization and automation will drive remote diagnostics and process optimization in decentralized energy projects.

Conclusion

The Agilent 490 Micro GC Biogas Analyzers deliver rapid, accurate and robust analysis of biogas and gas mixtures across a wide range of components. Their modular design, ease of use and field-ready configuration make them an ideal choice for renewable energy facilities, research laboratories and quality control environments seeking reliable compositional data.