High-Sensitivity Gas Analysis Using the GCMS-QP2050 and GI-30 Auto Gas Injector

Importance of the Topic

Advances in gas chromatography–mass spectrometry enable precise detection of trace inorganic gases, such as H2 and CO, and light hydrocarbons, critical in environmental monitoring, energy research, and industrial QC. By combining high sensitivity with automated sampling, GC-MS addresses the limitations of conventional GC methods that require standards for qualitative analysis and struggle with overlapping peaks.

Objectives and Overview

This study demonstrates high-sensitivity analysis of a mixed gas sample using the Shimadzu GCMS-QP2050 system coupled with the GI-30 Auto Gas Injector. Key aims include qualitative identification without external standards, accurate quantitation in overlapping chromatographic conditions, and evaluation of automation benefits for continuous gas analysis.

Methodology and Instrumental Setup

• A 10 ppm standard gas mixture containing H2, O2, N2, CO, CO2, light hydrocarbons, and trace gases was tested.
• Gas introduction employed the GI-30 Auto Gas Injector with a 1 mL sample loop and helium purge to minimize ambient air intrusion.
• Chromatographic conditions: split 4 injection, helium carrier at 7 mL/min, temperature program from 35 °C to 270 °C with defined ramps.
• Mass spectrometry in SIM mode: ion source at 200 °C, interface at 250 °C, ionization voltage 20 V and emission current 20 µA to suppress helium background; monitoring m/z values for each target compound.

Main Results and Discussion

SIM mode enabled separation of overlapping peaks (e.g., O2/N2) by targeting specific ions, and suppressed helium ion signals for reliable H2 detection at m/z 2. Continuous automated analysis produced reproducibility with RSD values below 6 % across all components, achieving <1 % RSD for most hydrocarbons. The GI-30’s purge mechanism further reduced ambient interference, ensuring stable baseline and peak areas over multiple injections.

Benefits and Practical Applications

• Qualitative identification via mass spectral library searches without reference standards.
• Accurate quantitation under challenging chromatographic conditions and overlapping peaks.
• Automated, continuous operation reduces operator workload and improves throughput.
• High reproducibility supports routine monitoring in environmental and industrial settings.

Future Trends and Possibilities

Integration with advanced data processing and machine learning could enhance real-time identification of unknown gases. Miniaturized GC-MS platforms may enable on-site and portable applications. Further development of auto-sampling interfaces and valve purge technologies will expand capabilities for trace-level monitoring in ambient air and process streams.

Conclusion

The GCMS-QP2050 combined with the GI-30 Auto Gas Injector provides a compact yet powerful solution for high-sensitivity gas analysis. By leveraging SIM mode and optimized ionization settings, inorganic and hydrocarbon gases are accurately identified and quantified. Automation delivers consistent results, streamlining workflows in research and quality control.

References

• Shimadzu Corporation. High-Sensitivity Gas Analysis Using the GCMS-QP2050 and GI-30 Auto Gas Injector. Application News No. 01-00953-EN, First Edition: Oct. 2025.