Fast and Flexible Automated Sample extraction of PCDD/Fs and PCBs with X-TRACTION for Food

Importance of the topic

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as PCDD/Fs and PCBs accumulate in food and the environment, posing health risks and requiring strict monitoring under international regulations. Efficient and standardized extraction methods are critical to handle increasing sample volumes and regulatory demands.

Objectives and study overview

This study evaluates the X-TRACTION low‐pressure fluid extraction (LPFE) system for automated, fast, and reliable extraction of dioxins and PCBs from various food matrices. Results are compared against reference values to assess precision and accuracy.

Methodology

Food samples (7–15 g) were homogenized and mixed with sodium polyacrylate to achieve a dry, free‐flowing matrix. The X-TRACTION system uses low‐pressure extraction (≤ 17 bar) with multiple cycles at elevated temperature to isolate fats and target analytes. Extracts underwent cleanup via acid silica, alumina, and carbon columns, followed by evaporation and analysis by high‐resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HR‐GC/MS).

Used instrumentation

• X‐TRACTION system with 75 mL extraction cells (LCTech GmbH)
• DEXTech cleanup modules: acidic silica, alumina, carbon columns (LCTech GmbH)
• D‐EVA automated evaporator with temperature control (Martin Christ/LCTech GmbH)
• DFS HRMS with SSL‐ and PTV‐injectors (Thermo Fisher Scientific)

Main results and discussion

Fat extraction across diverse matrices showed relative standard deviations (RSD) between 1.5 % and 7.1 % and accuracy deviations below 10 % compared to assigned values. WHO‐PCDD/F-TEQ and WHO‐PCB-TEQ results matched proficiency test homogeneity values closely, demonstrating the system’s reliability and comparability to reference methods.

Benefits and practical applications

The X‐TRACTION system offers rapid extraction cycles, reduced solvent consumption, minimal cross‐contamination, and a straightforward cell‐locking mechanism. The low‐pressure operation enhances instrument longevity and safety. Scalability allows 1–6 parallel units with independent protocols, meeting diverse laboratory throughput requirements.

Future trends and applications

Ongoing developments include extension to other POPs (e.g., PBDEs, PCNs, PFOS), method optimization for different matrices, and integration into high‐throughput QA/QC workflows. The modular system design supports evolving regulatory standards and analytical protocols.

Conclusion

The X‐TRACTION LPFE system provides a flexible, automated, and cost‐effective solution for PCDD/F and PCB extraction in food analysis. It delivers high precision, accuracy, and reproducibility, aligning with international reference standards while reducing solvent use and processing time.

Reference

1. Bernsmann T., Albrecht M., Fürst P. Organohalogen Compounds 78, 797–799 (2016)
2. Calaprice C., Calvano C.D., Zambonin C., Focant J.F. Organohalogen Compounds 77, 733–735 (2015)
3. Bernsmann T., Albrecht M., Fürst P. Organohalogen Compounds 76, 1281–1284 (2014)